Migrants, Minorities and Employment: Exclusion, Discrimination and Anti-discrimination in 15 Member States of the European Union
FRA
Comparative Report: Migrants, Minorities and Employment
During 2003 the two EU Council Directives on equality were due to be transposed into the legislation of Member States. This report, published by the EUMC in the same year, provides conclusive evidence for the necessity of these Directives, and indicates the need for corresponding anti-discrimination measures in employment.

Equal Rights - Multiple Benefits
01/12/2006Equal Voices 20
This issue of the EUMC's Magazine Equal Voices is published in the context of the 2007 European Year of Equal Opportunities for All. Equal Voices intends to contribute to the aim of the Year to reflect, discuss and further promote equal opportunities in the EU. The magazine offers background information on the Year of Equal Opportunities and features an interview with Vladimir Špidla, the EU Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities. Further articles address the key themes of the Year and highlight experiences, research and good practice, in fields such as political participation of migrants, diversity in the media, and the experience of the multicultural city of Berlin.
Muslims in the European Union: Discrimination and Islamophobia
01/12/2006The report "Muslims in the European Union: Discrimination and Islamophobia" published presents available data on discrimination affecting Muslims in employment, education and housing.
Racism, Xenophobia and the Media: Towards respect and understanding of all religions and cultures (Conference report)
FRA
01/10/2006Some 120 journalists and media practitioners from Europe, North Africa and the Middle East met in Vienna on 22 and 23 May 2006 to discuss the influence of media on intercultural relations and racism. Topics under discussion included improving reporting standards and accountability of journalists; self-regulation policies in the EU and in South-Mediterranean countries; impact of media reporting on ethnic and religious minorities; negative stereotyping; balancing freedom of expression with protection from hate speech; and making better use of expertise and experience of ethnic minority organisations.

Putting integration policies into practice
FRA
01/10/2006Equal Voices 19
This issue of Equal Voices seeks to give an overview of the main questions around the ‘integration debate' at the EU level: What is the context of the current debate? How is integration defined? Can integration be measured, and how? What should integration policies look like?
The articles cover policy overviews, the perspective of an African immigrant, a contribution by the European Network Against Racism (ENAR), and two good practice examples from the cities of Aarhus and Bradford.

Annual Report 2006 - Inadequacy of data on racist crime for 2006
01/06/2006The EUMC Annual Report 2006 looks at racial discrimination and data on racist violence and crime. It also includes an overview of positive initiatives.
The EUMC finds that migrants and ethnic minorities remain discriminated against across the EU in employment, education and housing. The EUMC report highlights that most Member States lack the necessary data to monitor potential socio-economic inequalities between different ethnic/national groups. As a result, some groups may experience discrimination without adequate response from the state. In addition, only two of the EU's 25 Member States can be said to have comprehensive data collection systems that can reveal the nature and extent of racist violence. Due to the gaps in official data, it is not possible to compare racist crime rates between different Member States. Victims of racist violence may remain invisible and often without support.

The right to offend and the right not to be offended
FRA
01/06/2006Equal Voices 18
The recent months have seen a heated debate on freedom of speech and hate speech. This issue of the EUMC's Magazine Equal Voices brings together different views on the issue: NGOs, representatives of different religious communities, and media experts explain how they think hate speech can be tackled, and how freedom of speech should be applied in our societies.

Roma and Travellers in Public Education
01/05/2006The report provides an overview on the situation of Roma and Travellers in education across the EU.
Migrants, Minorities and Housing
11/01/2006This report is based on information supplied by the FRA's national focal points, and it shows that across the EU 15 similar mechanisms of housing disadvantage and discrimination affect migrants and minorities, such as denying access to accommodation on the grounds of the applicant's skin colour, imposing restrictive conditions limiting access to public housing, or even violent physical attacks aimed at deterring minorities from certain neighbourhoods.
The impact of 7 July 2005 London bomb attacks on Muslim Communities in the EU
FRA Report based on information collected by RAXEN
10/11/2005The report analyses the impact of the bomb attacks on the EU's Muslim communities, examining government and police responses to the events, the reaction from Muslim communities, media reporting, and the possibility of an anti-Muslim backlash, in the EU and in the UK in particular.
Policing Racist Crime and Violence
FRA
29/09/2005The report on "Policing Racist Crime and Violence" is based on information collected by the Agency's National Focal Points. The report examines police recording practices, responses to victims of racist crimes, training provided to the police and their engagement with civil society. The emerging data reveals that only two Member States systematically encourage reporting of racist incidents. International police coordination and cooperation with NGOs could be enhanced, while police training is not specific enough to equip officers to tackle racist crime effectively.
Annual Report 2005
01/06/2005This annual report of the Agency is the EU's first comprehensive overview of racist, xenophobic, antisemitic and anti-Muslim discrimination, and responses to it, to cover all 25 EU Member States. The Roma emerge as the group most vulnerable to racism in the EU. They face discrimination in employment, housing and education - as well as being regular victims of racial violence. Other groups facing high levels of discrimination in many Member States are migrant workers from Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Latin America. Muslim groups face particularly challenging conditions in many Member States. Also recent migrants from Russia or the Ukraine may be subject to discrimination in some Member States.
Racist Violence in 15 EU Member States
Based on RAXEN information
01/04/2005The report on ‘Racist Violence in 15 EU Member States' is based on national reports by the Agency's National Focal Points and includes available data for the period 2001-2004. The focus of the report is on the extent and nature of, and policy responses to, racist violence (and associated activities) in EU15.
Majorities’ Attitudes towards Migrants and Minorities: Key findings from the Eurobarometer and the European Social Survey
FRA
15/03/2005In 2003 the Agency commissioned a research team from the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands (NISCO) to conduct a major analysis of data from the 2003 Eurobarometer Survey and the 2003 European Social Survey on attitudes towards minorities and migrants in different European countries. The researchers also compared the findings of the 2003 Eurobarometer with results of earlier Eurobarometer Surveys. The research team produced a statistical analysis, written up as four reports. The Agency captured key findings in a separate summary report. According to the 2003 European Social Survey, 79 per cent of the respondents had no problem interacting with minorities. At the same time, almost half of the respondents displayed a critical attitude towards cultural and religious diversity. According to the 2003 Eurobarometer survey, 60 per cent of the respondents in the EU-15 expressed the view that multiculturalism had certain limits, an opinion that has increased since 1997.
Annual Report 2003 / 2004
02/12/2004In the Annual Report published on 2 December 2004, the Agency concludes that the education system in EU states is still failing migrant and minority pupils and racism against the Roma community continues.
Migrants, Minorities and Legislation: Documenting Legal Measures and Remedies against Discrimination in 15 Member States of the European Union
01/12/2004The report analyses the existing and developing legal measures and remedies against discrimination of migrants and minorities, especially within the framework of the two EU anti-discrimination directives and their transposition into national legislation. Referring to the year when the Directives were due to be transposed, the study presents a comparative analysis of existing and developing legal measures and remedies against discrimination of migrants and ethnic minorities. The overview shows that the Member States' legislations and policies vary widely, not least due to differing historical experiences with immigration.
Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 – 2003
The FRA
03/05/2004"Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 - 2003" details manifestations of antisemitism in the EU over a two-year period from 2002-2003 using data available by October 2003 and proposes policies to counter it. The second report, "Perceptions of Antisemitism in the European Union" provides snapshot interviews with members of the Jewish community. The main report shows that there has been an increase in antisemitic incidents in five EU countries, (Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK). Those incidents ranged from hate mail to arson. In some other countries there has been little evidence of increase in antisemitism.
Migrants, Minorities and Education
RAXEN
01/01/2004The Agency commissioned the material for this report from its National Focal Points in 15 EU Member States. The report constitutes a unique collection of evidence on various forms of discrimination and disadvantage experienced by migrants and minorities in the education sector. The Report finds that migrant and minority ethnic groups are over-represented in educational establishments with lower academic demands, have higher drop out rates, lower school completion rates, and sometimes even face segregation into 'special needs schools'. As well as documenting inequality, discrimination and process of exclusion, the report also examples of good practices in the field of education. The report finishes with selected recommendations for the EU and its Member States.
Trends, Developments and Good Practice in 2002
01/12/2003The report was presented to the European Parliament beginning of December 2003, it provides information on the situation regarding racism and xenophobia in the Community and its Member States, and highlight examples of good practice.
Migrants, Minorities and Employment
01/10/2003During 2003 the two EU Council Directives on equality were due to be transposed into the legislation of Member States. This report, published by the EUMC in the same year, confirms the reason for these Directives, and indicates how necessary it is to implement corresponding anti-discrimination measures in employment. Based on the findings of 15 national reports and additional literature, the report documents the incidents and types of discrimination which occur in workplaces and labour markets across the EU. In addition the report highlights examples of anti-discrimination ‘good practice' in counteracting discrimination, and presents selected recommendations for the EU and its Member States.
The Fight against Antisemitism and Islamophobia: Bringing Communities together (European Round Tables Meetings)
01/01/2003Concern about the reported rise in Antisemitism and Islamophobia in Europe following the September 11 terrorist attacks against the US, led the Agency together with the European Commission to organise a series of Round Tables on these themes.

Breaking the Barriers - Romani Women and Access to Public Health Care
01/01/2003This Report is the central part of a project which the Agency jointly conducted with the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities and the Council of Europe's Migration and Roma/Gypsy Division.
Annual Report 2001
01/06/2002The Agency published its third report on developments in racism, xenophobia and Anti-Semitism in the EU Member States. The Annual Report 2001 was presented to the public in Brussels on the 10 December 2002.
Reports on Anti-Islamic reactions within the European Union after the acts of terror against the USA
FRA Report based on RAXEN Country reports
01/05/2002Following the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001, the Agency asked its National Focal Points for a series of country reports on potential anti-Islamic reactions in the then 15 EU Member States. Key findings are summarised in a synthesis report on "Islamophobia in the EU after September 11".
Racism, Football and the Internet (Thematic report)
01/04/2002The Internet has become a forum for over 300 million potential users around the world. Racist, violent and extremist organisations and groupings have been quick in learning to use this new medium and take advantage of its benefits through systematic and rational use. The Agency decided to commission research to examine both the scope and the content of home pages which call for the use of football as a platform for racist and violent activities.
Racism and Cultural Diversity in the Mass Media
01/02/2002This report analyses the way the mass media reports on ethnic issues, tracing the developments, the effect of media reporting and identifying positive action to combat racism and promote cultural diversity. It provides a comparative overview of media research with regard to racism and examples of good media practice on anti-racism and cultural diversity in 15 EU Member States.
Situation of Islamic Communities in five European Cities - Examples of local initiatives
FRA
03/11/2001The Report summarises a project of the Agency which aimed at collecting and comparing city approaches in the field of combating discrimination on grounds of religion.
EUMC Annual Report 2000
01/06/2001The Annual Report 2000 was presented to the public in Brussels on the 18 December 2001.
Diversity and equality for Europe (Annual Report 1999)
01/06/2000The Annual Report 1999 was presented to the public in Brussels on the 23 November 2000.
EUMC Annual Report 1998
01/06/1999The European monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia published its first report on developments in racism, xenophobia and Anti-Semitism in the EU Member States.










