eu-charter

Хартата на основните права на Европейския съюз

Член 45 - Свободно движение и пребиваване

Член 45 - Свободно движение и пребиваване

  1. Всеки гражданин на Съюза има право свободно да се движи и да пребивава на територията на държавите-членки.
  2. В съответствие с Договорите правото на свободно движение и пребиваване може да се предоставя на гражданите на трети страни, които пребивават законно на територията на държава-членка.
    • Text:

      Правото, гарантирано в параграф 1, съответства на правото, гарантирано в член 20, параграф 2, буква а) от Договора за функционирането на Европейския съюз (вж. също правното основание в член 21 и решението на Съда от 17 септември 2002 г. по Дело C–413/99 Baumbast, ССП 2002, стр. 709). Съгласно член 52, параграф 2, то се прилага при условията и в границите, предвидени в Договорите.
      Параграф 2 припомня компетентността, предоставена на Съюза по силата на членове 77, 78 и 79 от Договора за функционирането на Европейския съюз. От това следва, че предоставянето на това право зависи от упражняването на тази компетентност от институциите.

      Source:
      Официален вестник на Европейския съюэ C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Дадените по-долу разяснения бяха подготвени първоначално под ръководството на президиума на Конвента, който изработи Хартата на основните права на Европейския съюз. Те бяха актуализирани под ръководството на президиума на Европейския конвент в светлината на внесените от този Конвент изменения в текста на Хартата (по-специално в членове 51 и 52), както и на развитието на правото на Съюза. Въпреки че тези разяснения сами по себе си нямат юридическа сила, те представляват ценно средство за тълкуване, което е предназначено да изясни разпоредбите на Хартата.
    • SIA „KOB” v Madonas novada pašvaldības Administratīvo aktu strīdu komisija
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Sixth Chamber)
      Type:
      Policy area:
      Free movement and equality
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2020:463
    • claimant: XX, an individual, Hungarian national, against the defendant: General Prosecutors Office of the Slovak Republic (hereinafter only as “General Prosecutors Office”)
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Constitutional Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:SK:USSR:2020:1.US.183/2019
    • Relu Adrian Coman and Others v Inspectoratul General pentru Imigrări and Ministerul Afacerilor Interne
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Grand Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2018:385
    • S.C. v Croatia
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Supreme Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:HR:VSRH:2017:918
    • P.M.S. v the National Council for Combatting Discrimination
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Alba Iulia Court of Appeal
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Kristian Bekefi et al v The Republic of Cyprus through the Minister of the Interior
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Supreme Court, Appeal Jurisdiction
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Legality and constitutionality of certain rules contained in the Law on the Social Integration Income
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Free movement and equality
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Mgr. Alexandra Uhlová, Pavlína Placáková, Strana Zelených (Green Party)
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      National Court/Tribunal
      Deciding body:
      Constitutional Court
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Free movement and equality
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Megyei Rendőrkapitányság Záhony Határrendészeti Kirendeltsége v Oskar Shomodi
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Opinion of Advocate General
      Type:
      Opinion
      Policy area:
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
    • Yoshikazu Iida v Stadt Ulm
      Decision date:
      Deciding body type:
      Court of Justice of the European Union
      Deciding body:
      Court (Third Chamber)
      Type:
      Decision
      Policy area:
      Justice, freedom and security
      ECLI (European case law identifier):
      ECLI:EU:C:2012:691

    46 results found

    • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
      Държава:
      Lithuania

      32 straipsnis. Pilietis gali laisvai kilnotis ir pasirinkti gyvenamąją vietą Lietuvoje, gali laisvai išvykti iš Lietuvos. Šios teisės negali būti varžomos kitaip, kaip tik įstatymu ir jeigu tai būtina valstybės saugumui, žmonių sveikatai apsaugoti, taip pat vykdant teisingumą. Negalima drausti piliečiui grįžti į Lietuvą. Kiekvienas lietuvis gali apsigyventi Lietuvoje.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Latvia
      Държава:
      Latvia

      97. Everyone residing lawfully in the territory of Latvia has the right to freely move and to choose his or her place of residence.98. Everyone has the right to freely depart from Latvia. Everyone having a Latvian passport shall be protected by the State when abroad and has the right to freely return to Latvia. A citizen of Latvia may not be extradited to a foreign country, except in the cases provided for in international agreements ratified by the Saeima if by the extradition the basic human rights specified in the Constitution are not violated.

    • Latvijas Republikas Satversme
      Държава:
      Latvia

      97. Ikvienam, kas likumīgi uzturas Latvijas teritorijā, ir tiesības brīvi pārvietoties un izvēlēties dzīvesvietu.98. Ikvienam ir tiesības brīvi izbraukt no Latvijas. Ikviens, kam ir Latvijas pase, ārpus Latvijas atrodas valsts aizsardzībā, un viņam ir tiesības brīvi atgriezties Latvijā. Latvijas pilsoni nevar izdot ārvalstīm, izņemot Saeimas apstiprinātajos starptautiskajos līgumos paredzētos gadījumus, ja ar izdošanu netiek pārkāptas Satversmē noteiktās cilvēka pamattiesības.

    • Constitution of the Italian Republic
      Държава:
      Italy

      Art. 16. Every citizen has the right to reside and travel freely in any part of the country, except for such general limitations as may be established by law for reasons
      of health or security. No restriction may be imposed for political reasons. Every citizen is free to leave the territory of the republic and return to it, notwithstanding any legal obligations.

    • Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana
      Държава:
      Italy

      Art. 16. Ogni cittadino può circolare e soggiornare liberamente in qualsiasi parte del territorio nazionale, salvo le limitazioni che la legge stabilisce in via generale per motivi di sanità o di sicurezza. Nessuna restrizione può essere determinata da ragioni politiche. Ogni cittadino è libero di uscire dal territorio della Repubblica e di rientrarvi, salvo gli obblighi di legge.

    • Constitution of Ireland
      Държава:
      Ireland

      Article 40.3.3. .... This subsection shall not limit freedom to travel between the state and another state.

    • A Magyar Köztársaság Alkotmánya
      Държава:
      Hungary

      58. §(1) Mindenkit, aki törvényesen tartózkodik Magyarország területén - törvényben meghatározott esetek kivételével - megillet a szabad mozgás és a tartózkodási hely szabad megválasztásának joga, beleértve a lakóhely vagy az ország elhagyásához való jogot is.(2) A Magyarország területén törvényesen tartózkodó külföldit csak a törvénynek megfelelően hozott határozat alapján lehet kiutasítani.(3) Az utazási és letelepedési szabadságról szóló törvény elfogadásához a jelenlévő országgyűlési képviselők kétharmadának szavazata szükséges.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Hungary
      Държава:
      Hungary

      Article 58(1) Everyone legally staying or residing in the territory of the Republic of Hungary - with the exception of the cases established by law - has the right to move freely and to choose his place of residence, including the right to leave his domicile or the country.(2) Foreigners legally residing in the territory of the Republic of Hungary may only be deported on the basis of a resolution reached in accordance with the law.(3) A majority of two-thirds of the votes of the Members of Parliament present is required to pass the law on the freedom of movement and residence.

    • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
      Държава:
      Hungary

      XXVII. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Mindenkinek, aki törvényesen tartózkodik Magyarország területén, joga van a szabad mozgáshoz és tartózkodási helye szabad megválasztásához. […]

      XIV. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Magyar állampolgár Magyarország területéről nem utasítható ki, és külföldről bármikor hazatérhet. Magyarország területén tartózkodó külföldit csak törvényes határozat alapján lehet kiutasítani. Tilos a csoportos kiutasítás. […]

    • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
      Държава:
      Hungary

      Article XIV (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Hungarian citizens shall not be expelled from the territory of Hungary and may return from abroad at any time. Foreigners staying in the territory of Hungary may only be expelled on the basis of a lawful decision. Collective expulsion shall be prohibited. […]

      Article XXVII (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Everyone staying lawfully in the territory of Hungary shall have the right to move freely
      and to choose his or her place of stay freely. […]

    • Constitution of the Hellenic Republic
      Държава:
      Greece

      Article 5(4) Individual administrative measures restrictive of the free movement or establishment in the country, and of the free exit and entrance therein of any Greek are prohibited. Restrictive measures of such content may only be imposed as an attendant penalty by a criminal court ruling, in exceptional cases of emergency and only in order to prevent the commitment of criminal acts, as specified by law. [...]

    • Το Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας
      Държава:
      Greece

      Άρθρο 5 (4) Απαγορεύονται ατομικά διοικητικά μέτρα που περιορίζουν σε οποιονδήποτε Έλληνα την ελεύθερη κίνηση ή εγκατάσταση στη Χώρα, καθώς και την ελεύθερη έξοδο και είσοδο σ' αυτήν. Τέτοιου περιεχομένου περιοριστικά μέτρα είναι δυνατόν να επιβληθούν μόνο ως παρεπόμενη ποινή με απόφαση ποινικού δικαστηρίου, σε εξαιρετικές περιπτώσεις ανάγκης και μόνο για την πρόληψη αξιόποινων πράξεων, όπως νόμος ορίζει. [...]

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Държава:
      Germany

      Article 11 (1) All Germans shall have the right to move freely throughout the federal territory. (2) This right may be restricted only by or pursuant to a law, and only in cases in which the absence of adequate means of support would result in a particular burden for the community, or in which such restriction is necessary to avert an imminent danger to the existence or the free democratic basic order of the Federation or of a Land, to combat the danger of an epidemic, to respond to a grave accident or natural disaster, to protect young persons from serious neglect, or to prevent crime. Article 17a (2) Laws regarding defence, including protection of the civilian population, may provide for restriction of the basic rights of freedom of movement (Article 11) and inviolability of the home (Article 13).

    • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
      Държава:
      Germany

      Artikel 11 (1) Alle Deutschen genießen Freizügigkeit im ganzen Bundesgebiet.(2) Dieses Recht darf nur durch Gesetz oder auf Grund eines Gesetzes und nur für die Fälle eingeschränkt werden, in denen eine ausreichende Lebensgrundlage nicht vorhanden ist und der Allgemeinheit daraus besondere Lasten entstehen würden oder in denen es zur Abwehr einer drohenden Gefahr für den Bestand oder die freiheitliche demokratische Grundordnung des Bundes oder eines Landes, zur Bekämpfung von Seuchengefahr, Naturkatastrophen oder besonders schweren Unglücksfällen, zum Schutze der Jugend vor Verwahrlosung oder um strafbaren Handlungen vorzubeugen, erforderlich ist. Artikel 17a (2) Gesetze, die der Verteidigung einschließlich des Schutzes der Zivilbevölkerung dienen, können bestimmen, daß die Grundrechte der Freizügigkeit (Artikel 11) und der Unverletzlichkeit der Wohnung (Artikel 13) eingeschränkt werden.

    • Constitution of Finland
      Държава:
      Finland

      Section 9 Freedom of movement Finnish citizens and foreigners legally resident in Finland have the right to freely move within the country and to choose their place of residence. Everyone has the right to leave the country. Limitations on this right may be provided by an Act, if they are necessary for the purpose of safeguarding legal proceedings or for the enforcement of penalties or for the fulfilment of the duty of national defence. Finnish citizens shall not be prevented from entering Finland or deported or extradited or transferred from Finland to another country against their will. However, it may be laid down by an Act that due to a criminal act, for the purpose of legal proceedings, or in order to enforce a decision concerning the custody or care of a child, a Finnish citizen can be extradited or transferred to a country in which his or her human rights and legal protection are guaranteed. The right of foreigners to enter Finland and to remain in the country is regulated by an Act. A foreigner shall not be deported, extradited or returned to another country, if in consequence he or she is in danger of a death sentence, torture or other treatment violating human dignity.

    • Suomen perustuslaki
      Държава:
      Finland

      9 § Liikkumisvapaus Suomen kansalaisella ja maassa laillisesti oleskelevalla ulkomaalaisella on vapaus liikkua maassa ja valita asuinpaikkansa. Jokaisella on oikeus lähteä maasta. Tähän oikeuteen voidaan lailla säätää välttämättömiä rajoituksia oikeudenkäynnin tai rangaistuksen täytäntöönpanon varmistamiseksi taikka maanpuolustusvelvollisuuden täyttämisen turvaamiseksi. Suomen kansalaista ei saa estää saapumasta maahan, karkottaa maasta eikä vastoin tahtoaan luovuttaa tai siirtää toiseen maahan. Lailla voidaan kuitenkin säätää, että Suomen kansalainen voidaan rikoksen johdosta tai oikeudenkäyntiä varten taikka lapsen huoltoa tai hoitoa koskevan päätöksen täytäntöönpanemiseksi luovuttaa tai siirtää maahan, jossa hänen ihmisoikeutensa ja oikeusturvansa on taattu. Ulkomaalaisen oikeudesta tulla Suomeen ja oleskella maassa säädetään lailla. Ulkomaalaista ei saa karkottaa, luovuttaa tai palauttaa, jos häntä tämän vuoksi uhkaa kuolemanrangaistus, kidutus tai muu ihmisarvoa loukkaava kohtelu.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Estonia
      Държава:
      Estonia

      Article 34. Everyone whose presence in Estonian territory is lawful has the right to move freely in that territory and to choose freely where to reside. The right to freedom of movement may be circumscribed in the cases and pursuant to a procedure which is provided by law to protect the rights and freedoms of others, in the interests of national defence, in the case of a natural disaster or a catastrophe, to prevent the spread of an infectious disease, to protect the natural environment, to ensure that a minor or a person of unsound mind does not remain unsupervised, or to ensure the proper conduct of a criminal case.
      Article 35. Everyone has the right to leave Estonia. This right may be circumscribed in the cases and pursuant to a procedure provided by law to ensure the proper conduct of a trial or of a pre-trial investigation, or to enforce a court judgment.

    • Eesti Vabariigi Põhiseadus
      Държава:
      Estonia

      § 34. Igaühel, kes viibib seaduslikult Eestis, on õigus vabalt liikuda ja elukohta valida. Õigust vabalt liikuda võib seaduses sätestatud juhtudel ja korras piirata teiste inimeste õiguste ja vabaduste kaitseks, riigikaitse huvides, loodusõnnetuse ja katastroofi korral, nakkushaiguse leviku tõkestamiseks, looduskeskkonna kaitseks, alaealise või vaimuhaige järelevalvetuse ärahoidmiseks ja kriminaalasja menetluse tagamiseks.
      § 35.Igaühel on õigus lahkuda Eestist. Seda õigust võib seaduses sätestatud juhtudel ja korras piirata kohtu- ning kohtueelse menetluse tagamiseks ja kohtuotsuse täitmiseks.

    • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
      Държава:
      Cyprus

      Article 13
      1. Every person has the right to move freely throughout the territory of the Republic and to reside in any part thereof subject to any restrictions imposed by law and which are necessary only for the purposes of defence or public health or provided as punishment to be passed by a competent court.
      2. Every person has the right to leave permanently or temporarily the territory of the Republic subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by law.

    • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
      Държава:
      Cyprus

      ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 13
      1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα ελευθέρας μετακινήσεως εντός του εδάφους της Δημοκρατίας και διαμονής εις οιονδήποτε τμήμα αυτής υποκείμενος εις τους υπό του νόμου επιβαλλομένους, αναγκαίους δε κρινομένους μόνον διά την άμυναν ή την δημοσίαν υγείαν περιορισμούς ή ούς προβλέπονται ως ποινή επιβαλλομένη υπό του αρμοδίου δικαστηρίου.
      2. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να εγκαταλείψη μονίμως ή προσωρινώς το έδαφος της Δημοκρατίας υποκείμενος εις τους υπό του νόμου τεθειμένους ευλόγους περιορισμούς.

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