Asylum

Убежище, миграция и граници

<p>The migrant crisis has triggered challenges across Europe. FRA encourages rights-compliant responses.</p>
<p>We provide practical expertise on this complex issue. This includes regular updates, focus papers and toolkits. We outline policy alternatives and best practices.</p>

Highlights

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    1
    August
    2024
    Migrant workers are particularly at risk of labour exploitation. Workplace inspectors play a role in protecting non-EU workers' rights. This report guides inspectors to identify abuse and protect migrant workers. In autumn 2024, FRA will publish a manual with extensive resources to support workplace inspectors.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    30
    July
    2024
    Fundamental rights violations on the EU’s land and sea borders often go unreported. Investigations into these violations need to be more effective. This report gathers examples of alleged rights violations of migrants and refugees between 2020 and 2023. It sets out 10 steps to promote prompt and effective national investigations into incidents of ill-treatment at borders.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    1
    July
    2024
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights regularly collects data on the operations of NGO vessels involved in search and rescue in the Mediterranean. This includes any legal proceedings against them, as well as any difficulties in disembarking migrants in safe ports. This paper provides an overview of criminal investigations and other legal proceedings initiated by European Union (EU) Member States against civil society organisations deploying search and rescue vessels and aircraft in the Mediterranean and/or against individual crew members. The latest update covers the period from 2018 up until the end of May 2024.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    17
    December
    2020
    Европейската конвенция за защита на правата на човека (ЕКПЧ) и правото на Евро- пейския съюз (ЕС) предоставят рамка за защита на правата на чужденците, чието значение непрестанно се повишава. Законодателството на Европейския съюз относно убежището, границите и имиграцията се развива бързо. Съществува вну- шителна по обем съдебна практика на Европейския съд по правата на човека във връзка по-специално с членове 3, 5, 8 и 13 от ЕКПЧ. Към Съда на Европейския съюз биват отправяни все повече искания да се произнесе по отношение на тълкуването на разпоредбите на правото на Европейския съюз в тази област. Третото издание на този наръчник, актуализирано до юли 2020 г., предоставя по достъпен начин това законодателство на Европейския съюз и съвкупността от съдебната практика на европейските съдилища. Наръчникът е предназначен за практикуващи юристи, съдии, прокурори, служители на имиграционните служби и неправителствени орга- низации в държавите — членки на ЕС, и на Съвета на Европа.
Продукти
27
June
2019
The EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) in Article 8 (6) introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
A Woman captured – a film by Bernadett Tuza-Ritter
A short documentary related to labour exploitation in some sectors of the agricultural and transport industries.
25
June
2019
This report is the EU Fundamental Rights Agency’s fourth on the topic of severe labour exploitation. Based on interviews with 237 exploited workers, it paints a bleak picture of severe exploitation and abuse. The workers include both people who came to the EU, and EU nationals who moved to another EU country. They were active in diverse sectors, and their legal status also varied.
Fundamental Rights Report 2019: Not all children benefit equally from efforts to guarantee child rights.
Some groups face particular difficulties.
Инфографика
Fundamental Rights Report 2019: Although migrant arrivals to the EU continue to drop, it remains a divisive issue politically and
across society. Nearly 4 in 10 Europeans think immigration is more of a problem than a solution.
And nearly a half overestimate the number of irregular migrants in their country.
19
June
2019
In 2018, some 2,299 people are estimated to have died or gone missing at sea while crossing the sea to reach Europe to escape war or persecution or to pursue a better life. This is on average more than six people per day. Before mid-2017, a significant share of migrants in distress at sea have been rescued by civil society vessels deployed with a humanitarian mandate to reduce fatalities and bring rescued migrants to safety. In 2018, however, authorities in some Member States viewed civil society-deployed rescue vessels with hostility. As a reaction, they seized rescue vessels, arrested crew members, and initiated legal procedures against them (more than a dozen altogether). In some cases, rescue vessels were blocked in harbours due to flag issues.
13
June
2019
Деца, лишени от родителски грижи, открити в друга държава — членка на ЕС, различна
от тяхната собствена има за цел да засили реакцията на всички съответни участници за
закрила на детето. Закрилата на тези момичета и момчета е от първостепенно значение и е
задължение за държавите — членки на ЕС, произтичащо от международната и европейската
правна рамка. Ръководството включва акцент върху децата — жертви на трафик, и децата
в риск, в изпълнение на заложеното в съобщението от 2017 г. „Засилване на действията
на ЕС срещу трафика на хора“ действие и като са взети предвид установените модели,
включително по отношение на свързаната с пола специфика на престъплението.
6
June
2019
How much progress can we expect in a decade? Various rights-related instruments had been in place for 10 years in 2018, prompting both sobering and encouraging reflection on this question.
6
June
2019
2018 година донесе както напредък, така и неуспехи по отношение на защитата на основните права. В  Доклада на FRA относно основните права от 2019 г. е извършен преглед на важните развития в областта, като са посочени както постиженията, така и областите, които все още будят притеснение. В настоящата публикация са представени становищата на FRA относно основните развития в обхванатите тематични области и обзор на доказателствата в подкрепа на тези становища.
Periodic updates / Series
16
May
2019
The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on migration since
September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in
Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by migration movements.
It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 January and 31 March 2019.
27
March
2019
This report looks into the fundamental rights situation of asylum applicants and beneficiaries of international protection in the EU throughout 2018. It pulls together the main issues identified in FRA’s regular updates on fundamental rights related to asylum, migration and borders in selected EU Member States, which the agency has been publishing since September 2015.
11
March
2019
In November 2016, FRA formulated 21 individual opinions to address the fundamental rights shortcomings identified in the implementation of the hotspot approach in Greece and Italy. Despite genuine efforts to improve the situation since November 2016, many of the suggestions contained in the 21 opinions FRA formulated at the time remain valid.
Periodic updates / Series
18
February
2019
The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on migration since
September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in
Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by large migration movements.
17
January
2019
This Opinion by FRA aims to inform the European Parliament’s position on the legislative proposal for a recast Directive on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third country nationals (Return Directive), presented by the European Commission on 12 September 2018.
6
December
2018
This Opinion by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) aims to inform
the European Parliament’s position on the legislative proposal on the European Border and
Coast Guard (EBCG) presented by the European Commission on 12 September 2018.
5
December
2018
Last versions available are EL and NL
11 March 2021
В настоящото ръководство се обяснява какво представлява профилирането, правните рамки, които го регулират и защо правомерното извършване на профилиране е необходимо за спазването на основните права и е от решаващо значение за ефективната дейност на полицейските и граничните органи. В ръководството също така са предоставени практически насоки за това как да се избегне неправомерно профилиране при операции на полицейските и граничните органи.
Black people in the EU face unacceptable difficulties in getting a decent job because of their skin colour. Racist harassment also remains all too common.
Periodic updates / Series
26
November
2018
The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been collecting relevant data since September 2015, in light of the increasing numbers of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants entering the EU. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in Member States particularly affected by large migration movements. The countries covered are: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain and Sweden.