Highlights

  • Report / Paper / Summary
    11
    June
    2024
    Data protection rules protect privacy and prevent personal information from misuse. When the general data protection regulation (GDPR) came into force in 2018, it strengthened the role of data protection authorities. These supervisory bodies are the key enforcers of the fundamental right of protection of personal data. This report analyses the challenges they face in the GDPR implementation. The findings complement the European Commission's forthcoming evaluation of the GDPR.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    24
    May
    2023
    This report provides a partial update on the findings of the 2017 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) report Surveillance by intelligence services: Fundamental rights safeguards and remedies in the EU. It was prepared at the request of the European Parliament, which asked FRA to update its 2017 findings to support the work of its committee of inquiry to investigate the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (PEGA).
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    8
    December
    2022
    Artificial intelligence is everywhere and affects everyone – from deciding what content people see on their social media feeds to determining who will receive state benefits. AI technologies are typically based on algorithms that make predictions to support or even fully automate decision-making.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    18
    June
    2020
    This document presents data from the FRA Fundamental Rights Survey. It includes data on opinions and experiences of people in the European Union (EU) linked to data protection and technology.
    Προϊοντα
    10
    June
    2025
    This publication is an excerpt from the Fundamental Rights Report 2025, the annual report of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). It presents selected critical developments in fundamental rights in 2024, as well as the key findings and FRA opinions from the report’s chapters.
    10
    June
    2025
    The Fundamental Rights Report 2025 is the annual report of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). It provides an overview of the state of fundamental rights in the EU and highlights selected critical developments and trends in 2024. The report covers issues such as inclusive elections, gender-based violence, and the implementation of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. It presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, setting out the actions that the EU and Member States should take. This annual publication is a valuable resource for those seeking to stay informed about the EU’s shifting landscape of fundamental rights.
    11
    June
    2024
    Data protection rules protect privacy and prevent personal information from misuse. When the general data protection regulation (GDPR) came into force in 2018, it strengthened the role of data protection authorities. These supervisory bodies are the key enforcers of the fundamental right of protection of personal data. This report analyses the challenges they face in the GDPR implementation. The findings complement the European Commission's forthcoming evaluation of the GDPR.
    5
    June
    2024
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2024 analyses the year’s developments in fundamental rights. It focuses on the most pressing fundamental rights concerns facing Europe in 2023: the cost-of-living crisis, rights concerns at the EU’s external borders and migration, and threats to democracy. Re-structured, this year’s new approach is a shorter and sharper analysis. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a summary of the evidence supporting these opinions.
    5
    June
    2024
    Το 2023 σημειώθηκε πρόοδος αλλά και οπισθοδρόμηση
    στην προστασία των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων. Στην
    έκθεση για τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα που δημοσίευσε ο
    FRA για το έτος 2024 εξετάζονται οι εξελίξεις στον τομέα και προσδιορίζονται τόσο τα επιτεύγματα όσο και τα ζητήματα που εξακολουθούν να προκαλούν ανησυχία. Στο παρόν έγγραφο παρουσιάζονται οι γνώμες του FRA σχετικά με τις κυριότερες εξελίξεις στους εξεταζόμενους θεματικούς τομείς και συνοψίζεται η τεκμηρίωση στην οποία στηρίχθηκαν οι εν λόγω γνώμες. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, παρέχεται συνοπτική και ταυτόχρονα κατατοπιστική επισκόπηση των βασικών προκλήσεων που αντιμετωπίζουν η ΕΕ και τα κράτη μέλη της στον τομέα των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων.
    29
    November
    2023
    Online hate speech is a growing problem in today’s digitalised societies. Women, Black people, Jews and Roma are often targets of online hate speech. Online hate proliferates where human content moderators miss offensive content. Also, algorithms are prone to errors. They may multiply errors over time and may even end up promoting online hate. This report presents the challenges in identifying and detecting online hate. Hate of any kind should not be tolerated, regardless of whether it is online or offline. The report discusses the implications for fundamental rights to support creating a rights-compliant digital environment.
    20
    October
    2023
    FRA’s strategic priorities and objectives are based on the agency’s role and mission as defined in its amended founding regulation. They build on FRA’s 2018–2022 strategy as well as how it performed, its experience and its vision. Their design takes into account future fundamental rights challenges facing Europe, the agency’s mandate, the broader operational context and the resources available.
    8
    June
    2023
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2023 reviews major developments in the field in 2022, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
    8
    June
    2023
    Το 2022 σημειώθηκε πρόοδος αλλά και οπισθοδρόμηση στην προστασία των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων. Στην Έκθεση για τα Θεμελιώδη Δικαιώματα 2023 του FRA εξετάζονται οι σημαντικότερες εξελίξεις στον τομέα και προσδιορίζονται τόσο τα επιτεύγματα όσο και τα ζητήματα που εξακολουθούν να προκαλούν ανησυχία. Στην παρούσα δημοσίευση παρουσιάζονται οι γνώμες του FRA σχετικά με τις κυριότερες εξελίξεις στους εξεταζόμενους θεματικούς τομείς και συνοψίζεται η τεκμηρίωση στην οποία στηρίχθηκαν οι εν λόγω γνώμες.
    24
    May
    2023
    This report provides a partial update on the findings of the 2017 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) report Surveillance by intelligence services: Fundamental rights safeguards and remedies in the EU. It was prepared at the request of the European Parliament, which asked FRA to update its 2017 findings to support the work of its committee of inquiry to investigate the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (PEGA).
    8
    December
    2022
    Artificial intelligence is everywhere and affects everyone – from deciding what content people see on their social media feeds to determining who will receive state benefits. AI technologies are typically based on algorithms that make predictions to support or even fully automate decision-making.
    In this vlog, FRA Director Michael O'Flaherty talks about artificial intelligence and algorithms. While AI can be a powerful force for good, he points out that humans must supervise very closely the application of AI and a permanent testing of every possible application is needed. On 8 December, FRA is publishing a new report on bias in algorithms.
    11
    November
    2022
    Europe stands at a delicate moment in its history. It is a moment of existential significance for the wellbeing and sustainability of our societies. It is emerging from the pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease, only to face a set of major overlapping challenges. These pose profound questions about the political, economic and societal future of the continent. To discuss elements of a human rights vision for the future and to identify opportunities for action, FRA brought together a group of sixty human rights leaders and experts with diverse backgrounds
    from across the continent. This report distils the meeting discussions, including analysis and ideas, and concludes with proposals for action. It does not represent the views either of individual participants or of FRA.
    Automation and AI have radically transformed how we work, live and play. In this video, Director of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, Michael O'Flaherty, discusses the implications of AI for our most basic of human rights.
    16
    September
    2022
    Europe stands at a delicate moment in its history, facing a convergence of major tests. Each of them taken on their own is significant. Together, they pose profound questions about the political, economic, and societal future of the continent. This is a moment for strong commitment to put human rights at the heart of our vision for Europe’s future. It is also time to demonstrate our determination to work together to this end. Against this backdrop, the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) brought together around sixty human rights leaders and experts from across the continent to discuss elements of a human rights vision for the future and to identify opportunities for action. A full conference report will be available soon, including the specific ideas and proposals which arose from the meeting. Meanwhile, this is a summary of the conclusions.
    8
    June
    2022
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2022 reviews major developments in the field in 2021, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
    8
    June
    2022
    This focus looks at the impact of the pandemic on social rights. It examines the measures in national recovery and resilience plans that address the social vulnerabilities among a variety of population groups in the EU, including women, children and young people in situations of vulnerability, people with disabilities, older people, Roma and people in precarious working conditions.
    8
    June
    2022
    Το 2021 σημειώθηκε πρόοδος, αλλά και οπισθοδρόμηση στην προστασία των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων. Στην Έκθεση για τα Θεμελιώδη Δικαιώματα 2022 του FRA εξετάζονται οι σημαντικότερες εξελίξεις στον τομέα και προσδιορίζονται τόσο τα επιτεύγματα όσο και τα ζητήματα που εξακολουθούν να προκαλούν ανησυχία. Στην παρούσα έκδοση παρουσιάζονται οι γνώμες του FRA σχετικά με τις κυριότερες εξελίξεις στους εξεταζόμενους θεματικούς τομείς και συνοψίζεται η τεκμηρίωση στην οποία στηρίχθηκαν οι εν λόγω γνώμες. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, παρέχεται συνοπτική και ταυτόχρονα κατατοπιστική επισκόπηση των βασικών προκλήσεων που αντιμετωπίζουν η ΕΕ και τα κράτη μέλη στον τομέα των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων.
    7
    April
    2022
    BG, EL, HU, RO, SV, and UK version now available
    17 April 2025
    Τα παιδιά είναι πλήρεις φορείς δικαιωμάτων. Χαίρουν του συνόλου των ανθρώπινων και θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων και τυγχάνουν ειδικής κανονιστικής μεταχείρισης, λόγω των ιδιαίτερων χαρακτηριστικών τους. Στο παρόν εγχειρίδιο επιχειρείται να καταδειχθεί ο τρόπος με τον οποίο η ευρωπαϊκή νομοθεσία και νομολογία επιλαμβάνεται των συγκεκριμένων συμφερόντων και των αναγκών των παιδιών. Αναδεικνύεται επίσης η σημασία του ρόλου των γονέων και επιτρόπων ή άλλων προσώπων που έχουν νόμιμα την ευθύνη για τα παιδιά, κάνοντας μνεία, όπου κρίνεται σκόπιμο, στις περιπτώσεις που τα σχετικά δικαιώματα και ευθύνες ανήκουν κατά κύριο λόγο στα πρόσωπα που έχουν τη φροντίδα των παιδιών. Αποτελεί ένα πρώτο σημείο αναφοράς για το δίκαιο τόσο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (ΕΕ) όσο και του Συμβουλίου της Ευρώπης (ΣτΕ) αναφορικά με τα θέματα αυτά και εξηγεί πώς αντιμετωπίζεται κανονιστικά το κάθε ζήτημα στο πλαίσιο του νωσιακού δικαίου, αλλά και της Ευρωπαϊκής Σύμβασης Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου, του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινωνικού Χάρτη και άλλων πράξεων του ΣτΕ.
    The Fundamental Rights Forum 2021 was the space for dialogue on the human rights challenges facing the EU today. In this video, participants talk about the challenges of fundamental rights in the digital age.