Justicia
Artículo 48 - Presunción de inocencia y derechos de la defensa
1. Todo acusado se presume inocente mientras su culpabilidad no haya sido declarada legalmente. 2. Se garantiza a todo acusado el respeto de los derechos de la defensa.
El artículo 48 coincide con los apartados 2 y 3 del artículo 6 del CEDH, que dicen lo siguiente:
`2. Toda persona acusada de una infracción se presume inocente hasta que su culpabilidad haya sido legalmente declarada.
3. Todo acusado tiene, como mínimo, los siguientes derechos:
a) a ser informado, en el más breve plazo, en una lengua que comprenda y detalladamente, de la naturaleza y de la causa de la acusación formulada contra él;
b) a disponer del tiempo y de las facilidades necesarias para la preparación de su defensa;
c) a defenderse por sí mismo o a ser asistido por un defensor de su elección y, si no tiene medios para pagarlo, a poder ser asistido gratuitamente por un abogado de oficio, cuando los intereses de la justicia lo exijan;
d) a interrogar o hacer interrogar a los testigos que declaren contra él y a obtener la citación y el interrogatorio de los testigos que declaren en su favor en las mismas condiciones que los testigos que lo hagan en su contra;
e) a ser asistido gratuitamente por un intérprete, si no comprende o no habla la lengua empleada en la audiencia.`
De conformidad con el apartado 3 del artículo 52, este derecho tiene el mismo sentido y alcance que el derecho garantizado por el CEDH.
Чл. 30 [...] (4) Всеки има право на адвокатска защита от момента на задържането му или на привличането му като обвиняем.(5) Всеки има право да се среща насаме с лицето, което го защитава. Тайната на техните съобщения е неприкосновена. Чл. 31 [...] (2) Никой не може да бъде принуждаван да се признае за виновен, нито да бъде осъден само въз основа на неговото самопризнание.(3) Обвиняемият се смята за невинен до установяване на противното с влязла в сила присъда.(4) Не се допускат ограничения на правата на обвиняемия, надхвърлящи необходимото за осъществяване на правосъдието.Чл. 56Всеки гражданин има право на защита, когато са нарушени или застрашени негови права или законни интереси. В държавните учреждения той може да се явява и със защитник.
Article 6 – Right to a fair trial
1 In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. Judgment shall be pronounced publicly but the press and public may be excluded from all or part of the trial in the interests of morals, public order or national security in a democratic society, where the interests of juveniles or the protection of the private life of the parties so require, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice.
2 Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.
3 Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum rights:
a to be informed promptly, in a language which he understands and in detail, of the nature and cause of the accusation against him;
b to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence;
c to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing or, if he has not sufficient means to pay for legal assistance, to be given it free when the interests of justice so require;
d to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him;
e to have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand or speak the language used in court.
Artikel 6 (2) Bis zum gesetzlichen Nachweis seiner Schuld wird vermutet, daß der wegen einer strafbaren Handlung Angeklagte unschuldig ist.