Asylum

Asilo, migración y fronteras

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Highlights

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    1
    August
    2024

    ​Six points for workplace inspectors – EU law safeguards for non-EU workers ​

    Migrant workers are particularly at risk of labour exploitation. Workplace inspectors play a role in protecting non-EU workers' rights. This report guides inspectors to identify abuse and protect migrant workers. In autumn 2024, FRA will publish a manual with extensive resources to support workplace inspectors.
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  • Report / Paper / Summary
    30
    July
    2024

    Guidance on investigating alleged ill-treatment at borders

    Fundamental rights violations on the EU’s land and sea borders often go unreported. Investigations into these violations need to be more effective. This report gathers examples of alleged rights violations of migrants and refugees between 2020 and 2023. It sets out 10 steps to promote prompt and effective national investigations into incidents of ill-treatment at borders.
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  • Periodic updates / Series
    1
    July
    2024

    Search and rescue operations and fundamental rights - June 2024 update

    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights regularly collects data on the operations of NGO vessels involved in search and rescue in the Mediterranean. This includes any legal proceedings against them, as well as any difficulties in disembarking migrants in safe ports. This paper provides an overview of criminal investigations and other legal proceedings initiated by European Union (EU) Member States against civil society organisations deploying search and rescue vessels and aircraft in the Mediterranean and/or against individual crew members. The latest update covers the period from 2018 up until the end of May 2024.
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  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    17
    December
    2020

    Manual de Derecho europeo sobre asilo, fronteras e inmigración - Edición 2020

    El Convenio Europeo para la Protección de los Derechos Humanos y de las Libertades Fundamentales
    (CEDH) y el Derecho de la Unión Europea (UE) constituyen un marco cada vez más importante para la
    protección de los derechos de los extranjeros. La legislación de la UE sobre asilo, fronteras e inmigración
    se está desarrollando rápidamente. La jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos
    (TEDH) en este ámbito es abundante y relativa en particular a los artículos 3, 5, 8 y 13 del CEDH. El Tribunal
    de Justicia de la Unión Europea (TJUE) debe pronunciarse cada vez más sobre la interpretación de
    las disposiciones del Derecho de la UE en la materia. La tercera edición de este manual, que se actualizó
    en julio de 2020, presenta de manera accesible el Derecho de la UE y la jurisprudencia de los dos
    tribunales europeos en la materia.
Productos
Video
Asylum, migration and borders

Public hearing looks at child rights as part of Dublin system reforms

The Agency shared its view on protecting child rights in the Dublin Procedure, particularly for unaccompanied children at a hearing organised by the European Parliament’s Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs Committee in Brussels on 10 October.
Fundamental Rights Report
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Asylum, migration and borders
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
30
May
2016

Fundamental Rights Report 2016

The European Union (EU) and its Member States introduced and pursued numerous initiatives to safeguard and strengthen
fundamental rights in 2015. Some of these efforts produced important progress; others fell short of their aims. Meanwhile,
various global developments brought new – and exacerbated existing – challenges.
Fundamental Rights Report
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
30
May
2016

Fundamental Rights Report 2016 - FRA opinions

The European Union (EU) and its Member States introduced and pursued
numerous initiatives to safeguard and strengthen fundamental rights in 2015.
FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2016 summarises and analyses major
developments in the fundamental rights field, noting both progress made
and persisting obstacles. This publication presents FRA’s opinions on the
main developments in the thematic areas covered and a synopsis of the
evidence supporting these opinions. In so doing, it provides a compact but
informative overview of the main fundamental rights challenges confronting
the EU and its Member States.
Fundamental Rights Report
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Legal migration and integration
29
May
2016

Asylum and migration into the European Union in 2015

This Focus takes a closer look at asylum and migration issues in the European Union (EU) in 2015. It looks at the effectiveness of measures taken or proposed by the EU and its Member States to manage this situation, with particular reference to their fundamental rights compliance.
Video
Children, youth and older people
Asylum, migration and borders

Fundamental Rights Forum - Refugee protection

The Fundamental Rights Forum (FRF) is organised by the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) in cooperation with various partners. Refugee Protection is one of the three themes for the FRF which will take place in Vienna from 20-23 June 2016.
Opinion
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
6
April
2016

FRA Opinion concerning an EU common list of safe countries of origin

FRA’s opinions highlight general fundamental rights implications to be considered when applying the safe countries of origin concept. They should be read together with the relevant safeguards the Asylum Procedures Directive establishes. These safeguards provide for minimum guarantees that must also fully apply to applicants originating from countries on the proposed EU common list of safe countries of origin.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Trafficking and labour exploitation
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
17
March
2016

Severe labour exploitation: workers moving within or into the European Union - Summary

Worker exploitation is not an isolated or marginal phenomenon. But despite its pervasiveness
in everyday life, severe labour exploitation and its adverse effects on third-country nationals
and EU citizens - as workers, but also as consumers - have to date not received much
attention from researchers. This report identifies risk factors contributing to such exploitation and
discusses means of improving the situation and highlights the challenges EU institutions and
Member States face in making the right of workers who have moved within or into the EU
to decent working conditions a reality.
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
27
January
2016

Regular overviews of migration-related fundamental rights concerns - 2016

In view of the increasing numbers of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants entering the EU, the European Commission asked FRA to collect data about the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in those Member States that have been particularly affected by large migration movements.
Opinion
Judicial cooperation and rule of law
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Legal migration and integration
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Borders and information systems
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Defendants’ rights
Security
21
December
2015

FRA Opinion on the exchange of information on third-country nationals under a possible system to complement the European Criminal Records Information System

The proposal to establish a possible legislative instrument supplementing the existing European Criminal Records Information System with information on third-country nationals convicted in the EU raises a number of fundamental rights issues.
Infographic
Asylum, migration and borders

Outlining FRA's work on asylum and migration

This infographic outlines FRA's work along a simplified version of the EU migration flow. Each item is hyperlinked so you can find out more on each topic.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Niños, niñas, jóvenes y personas mayores
Asilo, migración y fronteras
Protección de la infancia
Igualdad, no discriminación y racismo
20
November
2015

Manual de legislación europea sobre los derechos del niño

Los niños son titulares plenos de derechos. Son beneficiarios de todos los derechos humanos
y fundamentales, y están sujetos a una regulación especial por sus características específicas. El
presente manual tiene el propósito de ilustrar el modo en que la legislación y la jurisprudencia
europeas se adecuan a los intereses y las necesidades específicas de los niños.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Borders and information systems
22
October
2015

Fundamental rights implications of the obligation to provide fingerprints for Eurodac

Processing biometric data for immigration, asylum and border management purposes has become common. This focus paper looks at measures authorities can take to enforce the obligation of newly arrived asylum seekers and migrants in an irregular situation to provide fingerprints for inclusion in Eurodac.
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
16
October
2015

Guardianship systems for children deprived of parental care in the European Union

This report explores the key features of guardianship systems put in place to cater for the needs of all children in need of protection, including child victims and those at risk of becoming victims of trafficking in human beings or of other forms of exploitation. The research covers four specific areas, namely the type of guardianship systems in place, the profile of appointed guardians, the appointment procedures, and the tasks of the guardians.
Report / Paper / Summary
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
9
October
2015

Alternatives to detention for asylum seekers and people in return procedures

For asylum and return (i.e. expulsion) procedures to be implemented effectively, people need to be at the disposal of the authorities so that any measure requiring their presence can be taken without delay. To achieve this, EU Member States may decide to hold people in closed facilities. Less intrusive measures, which are usually referred to as alternatives to detention, reduce the risk that deprivation of liberty is resorted to excessively.
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
28
September
2015

Regular overviews of migration-related fundamental rights concerns - 2015

In view of the increasing numbers of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants entering the EU, the European Commission asked FRA to collect data about the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in those Member States that have been particularly affected by large migration movements. The countries covered in 2015 are Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Slovenia.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
3
September
2015

Cost of exclusion from healthcare – The case of migrants in an irregular situation – Summary

The right to health is a basic social right. However, its understanding and application differs
across the European Union (EU) Member States, which results in different healthcare services
being offered to migrants in an irregular situation. This summary looks into the potential costs of providing migrants in
an irregular situation with timely access to health screening and treatment, compared to
providing medical treatment only in emergency cases.
Lisa F. Young @Shutterctock
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
3
September
2015

Cost of exclusion from healthcare – The case of migrants in an irregular situation

This report aims to estimate the economic cost of providing timely access to screening and treatment for migrants in an irregular situation, compared with providing treatment only in emergency cases. It presents an economic model to calculate such costs for two medical conditions: hypertension and prenatal care. To better illustrate its application in practice, the model is applied to three European Union (EU) Member States – Germany, Greece and Sweden.
Fundamental Rights Report
Asylum, migration and borders
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
25
June
2015

Fundamental rights: challenges and achievements in 2014 - Annual report

European Union (EU) Member States and institutions introduced a number of legal and policy measures in 2014 to safeguard fundamental rights in the EU. Notwithstanding these efforts, a great deal remains to be done, and it can be seen that the situation in some areas is alarming: the number of migrants rescued or apprehended at sea as they were trying to reach Europe’s borders quadrupled over 2013; more than a quarter of children in the EU are at risk of poverty or social exclusion; and an increasing number of political parties use xenophobic and anti-immigrant rhetoric in their campaigns, potentially increasing some people’s vulnerability to becoming victims of crime or hate crime.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
19
June
2015

Fundamental rights at land borders: findings from selected European Union border crossing points Summary

The situation at land border crossing points into the EU has received less attention than
Europe’s southern sea borders, where migrants’ lives are at risk. Although FRA research
shows that land border checks of third-country nationals are generally conducted routinely
and take place without incident, a number of challenges affect travellers’ fundamental
rights.
Page
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism

Asylum, borders, immigration and integration

An estimated 3,280 persons died at sea in 2014 while attempting to reach a haven in Europe, and the number of those rescued or apprehended at sea quadrupled compared with 2013. The number of displaced persons worldwide reached Second World War levels in 2014. Many move on from where they first arrive, with Germany and Sweden together receiving almost half of the asylum applications submitted in the EU.