Asylum

Turvapaikka, maahanmuutto ja rajat

<p>The migrant crisis has triggered challenges across Europe. FRA encourages rights-compliant responses.</p>
<p>We provide practical expertise on this complex issue. This includes regular updates, focus papers and toolkits. We outline policy alternatives and best practices.</p>

Highlights

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    1
    August
    2024
    Migrant workers are particularly at risk of labour exploitation. Workplace inspectors play a role in protecting non-EU workers' rights. This report guides inspectors to identify abuse and protect migrant workers. In autumn 2024, FRA will publish a manual with extensive resources to support workplace inspectors.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    30
    July
    2024
    Fundamental rights violations on the EU’s land and sea borders often go unreported. Investigations into these violations need to be more effective. This report gathers examples of alleged rights violations of migrants and refugees between 2020 and 2023. It sets out 10 steps to promote prompt and effective national investigations into incidents of ill-treatment at borders.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    1
    July
    2024
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights regularly collects data on the operations of NGO vessels involved in search and rescue in the Mediterranean. This includes any legal proceedings against them, as well as any difficulties in disembarking migrants in safe ports. This paper provides an overview of criminal investigations and other legal proceedings initiated by European Union (EU) Member States against civil society organisations deploying search and rescue vessels and aircraft in the Mediterranean and/or against individual crew members. The latest update covers the period from 2018 up until the end of May 2024.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    17
    December
    2020
    Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimus ja Euroopan unionin oikeus sisältävät yhä tärkeämmäksi käyvän ulkomaalaisten oikeuksien suojaamista koskevan säännöstön. Euroopan unionin oikeus turvapaikkaoikeudesta, rajoista ja maahanmuutosta kehittyy nopeasti. Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuimessa on kertynyt runsaasti oikeuskäytäntöä, erityisesti Euroopan ihmisoikeussopimuksen 3, 5, 8 ja 13 artiklasta. Euroopan unionin tuomioistuimelta pyydetään yhä useammin lausuntoa unionin oikeuden tämän alan säännösten tulkinnasta. Käsikirjan kolmannessa painoksessa, jota on päivitetty heinäkuuhun 2020 saakka, esitetään EU:n lainsäädäntöä ja molempien tuomioistuinten oikeuskäytäntöä helposti saatavilla olevassa muodossa.
    Tuotteet
    12
    September
    2019
    FRA’s second EU Minorities and Discrimination survey (EU-MIDIS II) collected information from over 25,000 respondents with different ethnic minority and immigrant backgrounds across all 28 EU Member States. The main findings from the survey, published in 2017, pointed to a number of differences in the way women and men with immigrant backgrounds across the European Union (EU) experience how their rights are respected. This report summarises some of the most relevant survey findings in this regard, which show the need for targeted, gender-sensitive measures that promote the integration of – specifically – women who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants.
    Periodic updates / Series
    29
    July
    2019
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on migration since September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by migration movements. It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 April and 30 June 2019.
    In the latest edition of his video blog, FRA Director Michael O'Flaherty focuses on the migration situation in the Mediterranean Sea and makes three proposals.
    27
    June
    2019
    The EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) in Article 8 (6) introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
    25
    June
    2019
    This report is the EU Fundamental Rights Agency’s fourth on the topic of severe labour exploitation. Based on interviews with 237 exploited workers, it paints a bleak picture of severe exploitation and abuse. The workers include both people who came to the EU, and EU nationals who moved to another EU country. They were active in diverse sectors, and their legal status also varied.
    Fundamental Rights Report 2019: Not all children benefit equally from efforts to guarantee child rights.
    Some groups face particular difficulties.
    Fundamental Rights Report 2019: Although migrant arrivals to the EU continue to drop, it remains a divisive issue politically and
    across society. Nearly 4 in 10 Europeans think immigration is more of a problem than a solution.
    And nearly a half overestimate the number of irregular migrants in their country.
    19
    June
    2019
    In 2018, some 2,299 people are estimated to have died or gone missing at sea while crossing the sea to reach Europe to escape war or persecution or to pursue a better life. This is on average more than six people per day. Before mid-2017, a significant share of migrants in distress at sea have been rescued by civil society vessels deployed with a humanitarian mandate to reduce fatalities and bring rescued migrants to safety. In 2018, however, authorities in some Member States viewed civil society-deployed rescue vessels with hostility. As a reaction, they seized rescue vessels, arrested crew members, and initiated legal procedures against them (more than a dozen altogether). In some cases, rescue vessels were blocked in harbours due to flag issues.
    13
    June
    2019
    New language versions: ES, HU, IT, NL, PL
    15 September 2020
    Kotijäsenvaltionsa ulkopuolella EU:ssa ilman vanhempiaan oleskelevat lapset -käsikirjan
    tarkoituksena on tehostaa lastensuojelusta vastaavien tahojen toimintaa heidän kohdatessaan
    tällaisia lapsia. Näiden tyttöjen ja poikien suojelu on ensiarvoisen tärkeää. Se on myös EU:n
    jäsenvaltioiden velvollisuus kansainvälisen ja eurooppalaisen lainsäädännön nojalla. Oppaassa
    keskitytään ihmiskaupan lapsiuhreihin ja vaarassa oleviin lapsiin komission vuonna 2017
    antamassa, ihmiskaupan vastaisten toimien tehostamista koskevassa tiedonannossa vahvistetun
    tavoitteen mukaisesti. Siinä käsitellään myös tämän rikollisuuden muodon tunnistettuja malleja ja
    sukupuolispesifisiä piirteitä.
    6
    June
    2019
    How much progress can we expect in a decade? Various rights-related instruments had been in place for 10 years in 2018, prompting both sobering and encouraging reflection on this question.
    6
    June
    2019
    Vuonna 2018 perusoikeuksien suojelussa tapahtui sekä edistystä että vastoinkäymisiä. Euroopan unionin perusoikeusviraston (FRA) vuoden 2019 perusoikeusraportissa tarkastellaan perusoikeuksien tilanteen kehitystä pääpiirteissään ja tuodaan esiin sekä saavutuksia että jäljellä olevia huolenaiheita. Julkaisussa on FRA:n lausuntoja pääasiallisesta kehityksestä käsitellyillä aihealueilla sekä yleiskatsaus lausuntojen perustana olevaan näyttöön.
    Periodic updates / Series
    16
    May
    2019
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on migration since
    September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in
    Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by migration movements.
    It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 January and 31 March 2019.
    27
    March
    2019
    This report looks into the fundamental rights situation of asylum applicants and beneficiaries of international protection in the EU throughout 2018. It pulls together the main issues identified in FRA’s regular updates on fundamental rights related to asylum, migration and borders in selected EU Member States, which the agency has been publishing since September 2015.
    11
    March
    2019
    In November 2016, FRA formulated 21 individual opinions to address the fundamental rights shortcomings identified in the implementation of the hotspot approach in Greece and Italy. Despite genuine efforts to improve the situation since November 2016, many of the suggestions contained in the 21 opinions FRA formulated at the time remain valid.
    Periodic updates / Series
    18
    February
    2019
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on migration since
    September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in
    Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by large migration movements.
    17
    January
    2019
    This Opinion by FRA aims to inform the European Parliament’s position on the legislative proposal for a recast Directive on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third country nationals (Return Directive), presented by the European Commission on 12 September 2018.
    6
    December
    2018
    This Opinion by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) aims to inform
    the European Parliament’s position on the legislative proposal on the European Border and
    Coast Guard (EBCG) presented by the European Commission on 12 September 2018.