Equality data – any piece of information that can be used to describe and analyse the state of equality – demonstrate the nature and extent of racism, discrimination and inequality, which in turn supports evidence-based policymaking in the area of equality rights. Several FRA surveys have compensated for the absence of official equality data: they point to persistent high levels of discrimination, bias-motivated harassment and crime across the EU. In 2008, FRA implemented the first European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey. This was followed in 2016 by the second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II). In 2022, FRA conducted its third survey on immigrants and descendants of immigrants (hereafter referred to as ‘the survey’, collecting comparable data in 15 EU Member States from 16,124 respondents.
In this report:
