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Work on rights
Il-ġustizzja, id-drittijiet tal-vittmi u l-kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja
Drittijiet tal-vittmi
Drittijiet tal-konvenuti
Ġustizzja ċivili
Kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja u stat tad-dritt
Sigurtà
Drittijiet tan-negozju u tal-bniedem
Ugwaljanza, non-diskriminazzjoni u razziżmu
Tfal, żgħażagħ u anzjani
Persuni b’diżabilità
Reat ta’ mibegħda
Oriġini razzjali u etnika
Reliġjon u twemmin
Rom
Sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali u ġeneru
Ażil, migrazzjoni u fruntieri
Aċċess għall-asil
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tat-tfal
Migrazzjoni irregolari, ritorn u detenzjoni tal-immigrazzjoni
Migrazzjoni legali u integrazzjoni
Traffikar u sfruttament ta’ ħaddiema
Il-protezzjoni tad-data, il-privatezza u t-teknoloġiji ġodda
Intelliġenza artifiċjali u big data
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tad-data
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
Appoġġ għal sistemi u difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Il-Karta tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet Fundamentali
Sistemi intergovernattivi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Sistemi u korpi nazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Soċjetà Ċivili
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
X’inhuma d-drittijiet fundamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolu
Titolu I: Dinjità
1 - Is-dinjità tal-bniedem
2 - Id-dritt għall-ħajja
3 - Id-dritt għall-integrità tal-persuna
4 - Il-projbizzjoni tat-tortura jew tal-pieni jew trattamenti inumani jew degradanti
5 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-iskjavitù u tax-xogħol forzat
Titolu II.: Libertajiet
6 - Id-dritt għal-libertà u għas-sigurtà
7 - Ir-rispett għall-ħajja privata u tal-familja
8 - Il-protezzjoni tad-data personali
9 - Id-dritt għaż-żwieġ u d-dritt għat-twaqqif ta' familja
10 - Il-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza u tar-reliġjon
11 - Il-libertà ta' l-espressjoni u ta' l-informazzjoni
12 - Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni
13 - Il-libertà ta' l-arti u x-xjenzi
14 - Id-dritt għall-edukazzjoni
15 - Il-libertà professjonali u d-dritt għax-xogħol
16 - Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża
17 - Id-dritt għall-proprjetà
18 - Id-dritt għall-asil
19 - Il-protezzjoni f'każ ta' tneħħija, tkeċċija jew estradizzjoni
Titolu III: L-Ugwaljanza
20 - L-ugwaljanza f'għajnejn il-
21 - Non-diskriminazzjoni
22 - Id-diversità kulturali, reliġjuża u lingwistika
23 - L-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel
24 - Id-drittijiet tat-tfal
25 - Id-drittijiet ta' l-anzjani
26 - L-integrazzjoni tal-persuni diżabbli
Titolu IV: Solidarjetà
27 - Id-dritt tal-ħaddiema għall-informazzjoni u l-konsultazzjoni fi ħdan l-impriża
28 - Id-dritt ta' negozjar u ta' azzjoni kollettiva
29 - Id-dritt ta' aċċess għas-servizzi ta' impjieg
30 - Il-protezzjoni fil-każ ta' tkeċċija inġusta
31 - Kondizzjonijiet tax-xogħol ġusti u xierqa
32 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' impjieg ta' tfal u protezzjoni taż-żgħażagħ fuq il-post tax-xogħol
33 - Il-ħajja tal-familja u professjonali
34 - Sigurtà soċjali u assistenza soċjali
35 - Il-protezzjoni tas-saħħa
36 - L-aċċess għal servizzi ta' interess ekonomiku ġenerali
37 - Protezzjoni ta' l-ambjent
38 - Protezzjoni tal-konsumatur
Titolu V.: Ċittadinanza
39 - Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet għall-Parlament Ewropew
40 - Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet muniċipali
41 - Id-dritt għal amministrazzjoni tajba
42 - Id-dritt ta' aċċess għad-dokumenti
43 - L-Ombudsman Ewropew
44 - Id-dritt ta' petizzjoni
45 - Il-libertà ta' moviment u ta' residenza
46 - Il-protezzjoni diplomatika u konsulari
Titolu VI: Ġustizzja
47 - Id-dritt għal rimedju effettiv u għal proċess imparzjali
48 - Il-preżunzjoni ta' innoċenza u d-dritt għad-difiża
49 - Il-prinċipji ta' legalità u proporzjonalità ta' reati u ta' pieni
50 - Id-dritt li wieħed ma jiġix iġġudikat jew jingħata piena darbtejn għall-istess reat
Titolu VII: Dispożizzjonijiet generali
51 - Kamp ta' applikazzjoni
52 - L-ambitu u l-interpretazzjoni ta' drittijiet u ta' prinċipji
53 - Il-livell ta' protezzjoni
54 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-abbuż ta' dritt
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Work on rights
Work on rights
Il-ġustizzja, id-drittijiet tal-vittmi u l-kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja
Drittijiet tal-vittmi
Drittijiet tal-konvenuti
Ġustizzja ċivili
Kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja u stat tad-dritt
Sigurtà
Drittijiet tan-negozju u tal-bniedem
Ugwaljanza, non-diskriminazzjoni u razziżmu
Tfal, żgħażagħ u anzjani
Persuni b’diżabilità
Reat ta’ mibegħda
Oriġini razzjali u etnika
Reliġjon u twemmin
Rom
Sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali u ġeneru
Ażil, migrazzjoni u fruntieri
Aċċess għall-asil
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tat-tfal
Migrazzjoni irregolari, ritorn u detenzjoni tal-immigrazzjoni
Migrazzjoni legali u integrazzjoni
Traffikar u sfruttament ta’ ħaddiema
Il-protezzjoni tad-data, il-privatezza u t-teknoloġiji ġodda
Intelliġenza artifiċjali u big data
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tad-data
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
Appoġġ għal sistemi u difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Il-Karta tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet Fundamentali
Sistemi intergovernattivi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Sistemi u korpi nazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Soċjetà Ċivili
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
X’inhuma d-drittijiet fundamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolu
Titolu I: Dinjità
1 -
Is-dinjità tal-bniedem
2 -
Id-dritt għall-ħajja
3 -
Id-dritt għall-integrità tal-persuna
4 -
Il-projbizzjoni tat-tortura jew tal-pieni jew trattamenti inumani jew degradanti
5 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-iskjavitù u tax-xogħol forzat
Titolu II.: Libertajiet
6 -
Id-dritt għal-libertà u għas-sigurtà
7 -
Ir-rispett għall-ħajja privata u tal-familja
8 -
Il-protezzjoni tad-data personali
9 -
Id-dritt għaż-żwieġ u d-dritt għat-twaqqif ta' familja
10 -
Il-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza u tar-reliġjon
11 -
Il-libertà ta' l-espressjoni u ta' l-informazzjoni
12 -
Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni
13 -
Il-libertà ta' l-arti u x-xjenzi
14 -
Id-dritt għall-edukazzjoni
15 -
Il-libertà professjonali u d-dritt għax-xogħol
16 -
Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża
17 -
Id-dritt għall-proprjetà
18 -
Id-dritt għall-asil
19 -
Il-protezzjoni f'każ ta' tneħħija, tkeċċija jew estradizzjoni
Titolu III: L-Ugwaljanza
20 -
L-ugwaljanza f'għajnejn il-
21 -
Non-diskriminazzjoni
22 -
Id-diversità kulturali, reliġjuża u lingwistika
23 -
L-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel
24 -
Id-drittijiet tat-tfal
25 -
Id-drittijiet ta' l-anzjani
26 -
L-integrazzjoni tal-persuni diżabbli
Titolu IV: Solidarjetà
27 -
Id-dritt tal-ħaddiema għall-informazzjoni u l-konsultazzjoni fi ħdan l-impriża
28 -
Id-dritt ta' negozjar u ta' azzjoni kollettiva
29 -
Id-dritt ta' aċċess għas-servizzi ta' impjieg
30 -
Il-protezzjoni fil-każ ta' tkeċċija inġusta
31 -
Kondizzjonijiet tax-xogħol ġusti u xierqa
32 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' impjieg ta' tfal u protezzjoni taż-żgħażagħ fuq il-post tax-xogħol
33 -
Il-ħajja tal-familja u professjonali
34 -
Sigurtà soċjali u assistenza soċjali
35 -
Il-protezzjoni tas-saħħa
36 -
L-aċċess għal servizzi ta' interess ekonomiku ġenerali
37 -
Protezzjoni ta' l-ambjent
38 -
Protezzjoni tal-konsumatur
Titolu V.: Ċittadinanza
39 -
Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet għall-Parlament Ewropew
40 -
Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet muniċipali
41 -
Id-dritt għal amministrazzjoni tajba
42 -
Id-dritt ta' aċċess għad-dokumenti
43 -
L-Ombudsman Ewropew
44 -
Id-dritt ta' petizzjoni
45 -
Il-libertà ta' moviment u ta' residenza
46 -
Il-protezzjoni diplomatika u konsulari
Titolu VI: Ġustizzja
47 -
Id-dritt għal rimedju effettiv u għal proċess imparzjali
48 -
Il-preżunzjoni ta' innoċenza u d-dritt għad-difiża
49 -
Il-prinċipji ta' legalità u proporzjonalità ta' reati u ta' pieni
50 -
Id-dritt li wieħed ma jiġix iġġudikat jew jingħata piena darbtejn għall-istess reat
Titolu VII: Dispożizzjonijiet generali
51 -
Kamp ta' applikazzjoni
52 -
L-ambitu u l-interpretazzjoni ta' drittijiet u ta' prinċipji
53 -
Il-livell ta' protezzjoni
54 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-abbuż ta' dritt
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Prodotti
Search
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Search the FRA website
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Home
Work on rights
Il-protezzjoni tad-data, il-privatezza u t-teknoloġiji ġodda
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
Data
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Titolu II.: Libertajiet
Artikolu 8 - Il-protezzjoni tad-data personali
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Titolu III: L-Ugwaljanza
Artikolu 21 - Non-diskriminazzjoni
Highlights
Video
27 May 2021
Stopping unlawful police profiling
There are many reasons for the police to stop someone. But prejudice should not be one of them. Find out what FRA is doing to end discriminatory police stops.
Download report on police stops
Download guide on preventing ethnic profiling
In brief / Factsheet
20
September
2018
In Brief - Big data, algorithms and discrimination
With enormous volumes of data generated every day, more and more decisions are based on data analysis and algorithms. This can bring welcome benefits, such as consistency and objectivity, but algorithms also entail great risks. A FRA focus paper looks at how the use of automation in decision making can result in, or exacerbate, discrimination.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
5
December
2018
Preventing unlawful profiling today and in the future: a guide
This guide explains what profiling is, the legal frameworks that regulate it, and why conducting profiling lawfully is both necessary to comply with fundamental rights and crucial for effective policing and border management. The guide also provides practical guidance on how to avoid unlawful profiling in police and border management operations.
Report / Paper / Summary
11
June
2019
Data quality and artificial intelligence – mitigating bias and error to protect fundamental rights
Algorithms used in machine learning systems and artificial intelligence (AI) can only be as good as the data used for their development. High quality data are essential for high quality algorithms. Yet, the call for high quality data in discussions around AI often remains without any further specifications and guidance as to what this actually means.
Prodotti
Report / Paper / Summary
Racial and ethnic origin
Unlawful profiling
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
10
April
2024
Addressing Racism in Policing
Racism in the police can include discriminatory racial profiling practices through to excessive use of force. Incidents like these highlight deeper systemic issues that need addressing. Many in society are affected by racism in policing, not only the individuals or communities targeted. Lack of trust in policing can fuel social exclusion and damages the foundations of a fair and equal society, however promising practices are developing to address these issues. This is the first EU-wide report on racism in policing. FRA’s findings identify gaps in regulatory frameworks and propose concrete steps for action.
Read press release
Video
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Unlawful profiling
27 May 2021
Stopping unlawful police profiling
There are many reasons for the police to stop someone. But prejudice should not be one of them. Find out what FRA is doing to end discriminatory police stops.
Download report on police stops
Download guide on preventing ethnic profiling
Report / Paper / Summary
Racial and ethnic origin
Unlawful profiling
Security
25
May
2021
Your rights matter: Police stops - Fundamental Rights Survey
This paper presents statistical survey data for the EU on how often people are stopped by the police, in what kind of situations they are stopped, the action taken by the police during stops, and views on whether or not the police acted respectfully.
Read news item
Watch video
Access the data explorer
Report / Paper / Summary
Unlawful profiling
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Artificial intelligence and big data
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
11
June
2019
Data quality and artificial intelligence – mitigating bias and error to protect fundamental rights
Algorithms used in machine learning systems and artificial intelligence (AI) can only be as good as the data used for their development. High quality data are essential for high quality algorithms. Yet, the call for high quality data in discussions around AI often remains without any further specifications and guidance as to what this actually means.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Unlawful profiling
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Data protection
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Security
5
December
2018
Last versions available are EL and NL
11 March 2021
Preventing unlawful profiling today and in the future: a guide
This guide explains what profiling is, the legal frameworks that regulate it, and why conducting profiling lawfully is both necessary to comply with fundamental rights and crucial for effective policing and border management. The guide also provides practical guidance on how to avoid unlawful profiling in police and border management operations.
In brief / Factsheet
Unlawful profiling
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
20
September
2018
In Brief - Big data, algorithms and discrimination
With enormous volumes of data generated every day, more and more decisions are based on data analysis and algorithms. This can bring welcome benefits, such as consistency and objectivity, but algorithms also entail great risks. A FRA focus paper looks at how the use of automation in decision making can result in, or exacerbate, discrimination.
Report / Paper / Summary
Artificial intelligence and big data
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Unlawful profiling
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
30
May
2018
#BigData: Discrimination in data-supported decision making
We live in a world of big data, where technological developments in the area of machine learning and artificial intelligence have changed the way we live. Decisions and processes concerning everyday life are increasingly automated, based on data. This affects fundamental rights in various ways. This focus paper specifically deals with discrimination, a fundamental rights area particularly affected by technological developments.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Unlawful profiling
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Defendants’ rights
3
December
2013
Fundamental rights-based police training – A manual for police trainers
Police officers who ensure that people are able to exercise their fundamental rights and freedoms earn the respect and trust of the public. With this in mind, this manual sets out to foster such human rights-based police work by integrating human rights training into the heart of police training, in line with the European Union’s goals in the field of justice and home affairs.
Report / Paper / Summary
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Legal migration and integration
Unlawful profiling
11
October
2010
EU-MIDIS Data in Focus Report 4: Police Stops and Minorities
EU-MIDIS Data in Focus report 4 focuses on the experiences of police stops of the 23 500 individuals with an ethnic minority or immigrant background interviewed as part of the survey. The report also contains results showing levels of trust in the police from the EU-MIDIS Survey.
Report / Paper / Summary
Unlawful profiling
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Data protection
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
11
October
2010
Towards More Effective Policing, Understanding and preventing discriminatory ethnic profiling: A guide
When a decision to stop an individual is motivated solely or mainly by virtue of a person's race, ethnicity or religion, this constitutes discriminatory ethnic profiling. Such practices can serve to alienate certain communities in the EU, and in turn can contribute to inefficient policing. The FRA guide aims to help the police address and avoid discriminatory ethnic profiling, and is designed to be used as a tool for more effective policing.
In brief / Factsheet
Unlawful profiling
Legal migration and integration
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
11
October
2010
Police stops and minorities: understanding and preventing discriminatory ethnic profiling
When used as an investigation technique in the context of law enforcement, ethnic profiling is often referred to as “criminal profiling”. This type of profiling uses indicators such as physical features, appearance or behaviour to give a “suspect description”. Profiling becomes unlawful when it is discriminatory.