Asylum

Azyl, migracja i granice

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Highlights

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    1
    August
    2024

    ​Six points for workplace inspectors – EU law safeguards for non-EU workers ​

    Migrant workers are particularly at risk of labour exploitation. Workplace inspectors play a role in protecting non-EU workers' rights. This report guides inspectors to identify abuse and protect migrant workers. In autumn 2024, FRA will publish a manual with extensive resources to support workplace inspectors.
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  • Report / Paper / Summary
    30
    July
    2024

    Guidance on investigating alleged ill-treatment at borders

    Fundamental rights violations on the EU’s land and sea borders often go unreported. Investigations into these violations need to be more effective. This report gathers examples of alleged rights violations of migrants and refugees between 2020 and 2023. It sets out 10 steps to promote prompt and effective national investigations into incidents of ill-treatment at borders.
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  • Periodic updates / Series
    1
    July
    2024

    Search and rescue operations and fundamental rights - June 2024 update

    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights regularly collects data on the operations of NGO vessels involved in search and rescue in the Mediterranean. This includes any legal proceedings against them, as well as any difficulties in disembarking migrants in safe ports. This paper provides an overview of criminal investigations and other legal proceedings initiated by European Union (EU) Member States against civil society organisations deploying search and rescue vessels and aircraft in the Mediterranean and/or against individual crew members. The latest update covers the period from 2018 up until the end of May 2024.
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  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    17
    December
    2020

    Podręcznik europejskiego prawa dotyczącego azylu, granic i imigracji - Wydanie 2020

    Europejska konwencja praw człowieka i prawo UE stanowią coraz ważniejsze ramy ochrony praw cudzoziemców. Prawodawstwo Unii Europejskiej w dziedzinie azylu, granic i imigracji szybko się rozwija. Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka posiada imponujący dorobek orzeczniczy odnoszący się w szczególności do art. 3, 5, 8 i 13 EKPC. Trybunał Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej coraz częściej otrzymuje wnioski o wypowiedzenie się w sprawie wykładni przepisów prawa Unii Europejskiej w tej dziedzinie. Trzecie wydanie niniejszego podręcznika, uaktualnione do lipca 2020 r., w przystępny sposób przedstawia prawodawstwo Unii Europejskiej oraz dorobek orzeczniczy obu trybunałów europejskich. Jest on przeznaczony dla prawników praktyków, sędziów, prokuratorów, urzędników imigracyjnych i organizacji pozarządowych w państwach członkowskich UE i Rady Europy.
PRODUKTY
Page
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism

Asylum, borders, immigration and integration

An estimated 3,280 persons died at sea in 2014 while attempting to reach a haven in Europe, and the number of those rescued or apprehended at sea quadrupled compared with 2013. The number of displaced persons worldwide reached Second World War levels in 2014. Many move on from where they first arrive, with Germany and Sweden together receiving almost half of the asylum applications submitted in the EU.
Video
Asylum, migration and borders
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Victims’ rights
Trafficking and labour exploitation

Severe labour exploitation in the EU

Severe labour exploitation: workers moving within or into the European Union
Report / Paper / Summary
Trafficking and labour exploitation
Asylum, migration and borders
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Victims’ rights
2
June
2015

Severe labour exploitation: workers moving within or into the European Union

Worker exploitation is not an isolated or marginal phenomenon. But despite its pervasiveness in everyday life, severe labour exploitation and its adverse effects on third-country nationals and EU citizens - as workers, but also as consumers - have to date not received much attention from researchers.
Report / Paper / Summary
Legal migration and integration
Asylum, migration and borders
6
March
2015

Legal entry channels to the EU for persons in need of international protection: a toolbox

Every year, tens of thousands of people risk their lives trying to enter the European Union (EU) in an irregular way, and many die in the attempt. Increasing the availability of legal avenues to reach the EU would contribute to make the right to asylum set forth in Article 18 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights a reality for vulnerable refugees and other persons in need of protection who are staying in a third country, often facing risks to their safety. It would also help to fight smuggling in human beings. This FRA focus seeks to contribute towards the elaboration of such legal entry options so that these can constitute a viable alternative to risky irregular entry.

Handbook / Guide / Manual
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Borders and information systems
Data protection
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Security
26
January
2015

Fundamental rights considerations for law enforcement when processing Passenger Name Record data

FRA was requested by the European Commission (EC) in January 2014 to provide practical guidance on the processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data for law enforcement purposes, in light of efforts by Member States to establish national PNR systems. As a result, in informal consultation with EC services and the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) and building on opinions FRA, the EDPS and the Article 29 Working Party on PNR, FRA presented twelve fundamental rights considerations to EU Member States experts at technical level.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Children, youth and older people
27
November
2014

Fundamental Rights Conference 2014 "Fundamental rights and migration to the EU" : Conference conclusions

The Conclusions contain suggestions and concerns voiced by participants at the conference, from plenary speakers and panellists through to members of the thematic working groups.
Video
Asylum, migration and borders

FRC 2014: Video message by UN Special Rapporteur Francois Crépeau

This video message by UN Special Rapporteur Francois Crépeau was produced for the Fundamental Rights Conference 2014 (FRC) on Migration.
Video
Asylum, migration and borders

FRC 2014: Video message by UN High Commissioner Prince Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein

This video message by UN High Commissioner Prince Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein was produced for the Fundamental Rights Conference 2014 (FRC) on Migration.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
10
November
2014

Fundamental rights at land borders: findings from selected European Union border crossing points

Together with two FRA sister reports on the
EU’s air and southern sea borders, this report’s findings serve to inform EU and Member State practitioners and
policy makers of fundamental rights challenges that can emerge at land borders. Increased awareness should
also help to create a shared understanding among border guards of what fundamental obligations mean for
their daily work, ultimately enhancing fundamental rights compliance at the EU’s external borders.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
10
November
2014

Fundamental rights at airports: border checks at five international airports in the European Union

The report examines the procedures for and conduct of checks that border guards carry out on third-country national passengers entering European Union (EU) territory at five international airports.
Report / Paper / Summary
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Asylum, migration and borders
Legal migration and integration
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
29
October
2014

Addressing forced marriage in the EU: legal provisions and promising practices

Primarily using data and information collected from five EU Member States, this paper briefly describes the phenomenon of forced marriage and selected legislative measures taken to address it. It lists promising practices
for the prevention of forced marriage and for supporting victims. The paper covers only one among many forms of violence against women analysed by FRA in its Violence against women: an EU-wide survey. Main results report (2014).
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
27
October
2014

Fundamental rights at airports: border checks at five international airports in the European Union Summary

This summary, and the related full report, look at how fundamental rights obligations
translate into practical border management tasks.
The report points out challenges as well as promising practices of integrating fundamental
rights compliance into operational tasks that do not compromise but instead enhance the
effectiveness of border checks.
Fundamental Rights Report
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
9
July
2014

Fundamental rights: key legal and policy developments in 2013. Highlights 2013

The EU and its Member States took a variety of important steps in 2013 to protect and promote fundamental rights by
assuming
new international commitments, revamping legislation and pursuing innovative policies on the ground. Yet, fundamental
rights violations seized the spotlight with distressing frequency: would‑be migrants drowning off the EU’s coast,
unprecedented mass surveillance, racist and extremist‑motivated murders, child poverty and Roma deprivation.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Civil justice
Asylum, migration and borders
Child protection
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
30
June
2014

Guardianship for children deprived of parental care

This handbook aims to strengthen the protection of children, specifically addressing the particular needs of child victims of trafficking.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Borders and information systems
Child protection
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Legal migration and integration
27
June
2014

Handbook on European law relating to asylum, borders and immigration

** Please note than an updated 2020 edition of this handbook is now available.** The Handbook on European law relating to asylum, borders and immigration is jointly produced by the European Court of Human Rights and the FRA. It examines the relevant law in the field of asylum, borders and immigration stemming from both European systems: the European Union and the Council of Europe. It provides an accessible guide to the various European standards relevant to asylum, borders and immigration.
Download 2020 edition
Fundamental Rights Report
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
People with disabilities
Hate crime
Roma
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
6
June
2014

Fundamental rights: challenges and achievements in 2013 - Annual report 2013

This year’s FRA annual report looks at fundamental rights-related developments in asylum, immigration and integration; border control and visa policy; information society, respect for private life and data protection; the rights of the child and the protection of children; equality and non-discrimination; racism, xenophobia and related intolerance; access to justice and judicial cooperation; rights of crime victims; EU Member States and international obligations.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
27
March
2014

Criminalisation of migrants in an irregular situation and of persons engaging with them

This paper examines the sanctions applied to counteract irregular migration, building on previous work by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) on the rights of migrants in an irregular situation.
In brief / Factsheet
Równość, niedyskryminacja i rasizm
Azyl, migracja i granice
Ochrona danych, prywatność i nowe technologie
Wymiar sprawiedliwości, prawa ofiar i współpraca sądowa
Wsparcie dla systemów praw człowieka i obrońców praw człowieka
5
March
2014

Przemoc wobec kobiet: badanie przeprowadzone w skali UE

W niniejszym zestawieniu przedstawiono niektóre przykładowe wnioski z badania, które zamieszczono obok ogólnych rozważań jako potencjalne „rozwiązania na przyszłość” w obszarze reagowania na przypadki przemocy wobec kobiet.







Report / Paper / Summary
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Asylum, migration and borders
Legal migration and integration
Hate crime
Racial and ethnic origin
20
December
2013

Racism, discrimination, intolerance and extremism: learning from experiences in Greece and Hungary

This thematic situation report examines the effectiveness of responses by public authorities, civil society organisations and others to counter racism, discrimination, intolerance and extremism in Greece and Hungary. The report goes on to make proposals for fighting racist crime, increasing trust in the police, and combating extremism throughout the EU.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
August
2013

EU solidarity and Frontex: fundamental rights challenges

The majority of irregular arrivals by sea to the European Union (EU) occur in the Mediterranean. Although the phenomenon is not widespread throughout the EU, it affects the EU as a whole. This publication reviews the solidarity measures the EU has established to support those countries most affected by irregular arrivals by sea. It will focus on the fundamental rights challenges raised by such measures but will not discuss whether these measures are sufficient and adequate for genuinely sharing the costs associated with the arrivals. This publication will also touch upon EU funding instruments and intra-EU relocation from Malta and more thoroughly describe the operational cooperation with Frontex.