Spravodlivosť
Článok 48 - Prezumpcia neviny a právo na obhajobu
1. Každý, kto je obvinený, sa považuje za nevinného, kým jeho vina nebola preukázaná zákonným spôsobom. 2. Každý, kto je obvinený, má zaručené právo na obhajobu.
Článok 48 je rovnaký ako článok 6 ods. 2 a 3 EDĽP, ktorý znie:
`2. Každý, kto je obvinený z trestného činu, sa považuje za nevinného, dokiaľ jeho vina nebola preukázaná zákonným spôsobom.
3. Každý, kto je obvinený z trestného činu, má tieto minimálne práva:
a) byť bez meškania a v jazyku, ktorému rozumie, podrobne oboznámený s povahou a dôvodom obvinenia proti nemu;
b) mať primeraný čas a možnosti na prípravu svojej obhajoby;
c) obhajovať sa osobne alebo s pomocou obhajcu podľa vlastného výberu, alebo pokiaľ nemá prostriedky na zaplatenie obhajcu, aby sa mu poskytol bezplatne, ak to záujmy spravodlivosti vyžadujú;
d) vyslúchať alebo dať vyslúchať svedkov proti sebe a dosiahnuť predvolanie a výsluch svedkov vo svoj prospech za rovnakých podmienok, ako svedkov proti sebe;
e) mať bezplatnú pomoc tlmočníka, ak nerozumie jazyku používanému pred súdom alebo týmto jazykom nehovorí.`
V súlade s článkom 52 ods. 3 charty má toto právo rovnaký význam a rozsah pôsobnosti ako právo zaručené EDĽP.
Чл. 30 [...] (4) Всеки има право на адвокатска защита от момента на задържането му или на привличането му като обвиняем.(5) Всеки има право да се среща насаме с лицето, което го защитава. Тайната на техните съобщения е неприкосновена. Чл. 31 [...] (2) Никой не може да бъде принуждаван да се признае за виновен, нито да бъде осъден само въз основа на неговото самопризнание.(3) Обвиняемият се смята за невинен до установяване на противното с влязла в сила присъда.(4) Не се допускат ограничения на правата на обвиняемия, надхвърлящи необходимото за осъществяване на правосъдието.Чл. 56Всеки гражданин има право на защита, когато са нарушени или застрашени негови права или законни интереси. В държавните учреждения той може да се явява и със защитник.
Article 6 – Right to a fair trial
1 In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. Judgment shall be pronounced publicly but the press and public may be excluded from all or part of the trial in the interests of morals, public order or national security in a democratic society, where the interests of juveniles or the protection of the private life of the parties so require, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice.
2 Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.
3 Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum rights:
a to be informed promptly, in a language which he understands and in detail, of the nature and cause of the accusation against him;
b to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence;
c to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing or, if he has not sufficient means to pay for legal assistance, to be given it free when the interests of justice so require;
d to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him;
e to have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand or speak the language used in court.
Artikel 6 (2) Bis zum gesetzlichen Nachweis seiner Schuld wird vermutet, daß der wegen einer strafbaren Handlung Angeklagte unschuldig ist.