Austria / Supreme Court / 15Os129/17k (15Os130/17g) / ECLI:AT:OGH0002:2017:RS0131770

Country

Austria

Title

Austria / Supreme Court / 15Os129/17k (15Os130/17g) / ECLI:AT:OGH0002:2017:RS0131770

View full Case

Year

2017

Decision/ruling/judgment date

Wednesday, November 22, 2017

Incident(s) concerned/related

Incitement to violence or hatred

Related Bias motivation

Religion

Groups affected

Muslims

Court/Body type

National Court

Court/Body

Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof)

Key facts of the case

The case concerns online incitement to hatred and violence. In 2016, C. K. posted a publicly accessible picture on Facebook showing a flock of sheep and several dark-skinned people. The picture was headlined "Swinger-Club for Muslims" and the subtitle was "A new point of contact for this perverse sodomy Islamist rabble". The Regional Court convicted C. K. for incitement to hatred. In this context, the competent Regional Court and later on also a Higher Regional Court did not regard the posting as a continuous offence (Dauerdelikt). The General Procurator's Office filed a nullity appeal for observance of the law against this legal assessment.

Main reasoning/argumentation

The Supreme Court challenged the legal assessment according to which incitement to hatred does not constitute a continuous offence (Dauerdelikt). The Court argued that maintaining access to incriminated statements (even by omission, e.g. by not deleting them) increases the number of potential recipients and thus extends the violation of a protected legal interest. The Court argued that C. K. committed the offence of incitement to hatred (§ 283 (1) Z 2 and (2) Criminal Code) until he requested the deletion of the incriminated posting on Facebook.

Is the case related to the application of the Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia, the Racial Equality Directive?

Key issues (concepts, interpretations) clarified by the case

The Supreme Court clarified that incitement to hatred pursuant to §§ 283 (1), (2) and (4) of the Austrian Crimial Code is a continuous offence (Dauerdelikt), which implies that the offence may also entail the continuance of a certain behaviour. In other words, incitement to hatred covers the (first) publication of an inciting statement, but also the act or omission of maintining public access to an incriminated statement.

Results (sanctions, outcome) and key consequences or implications of the case

The Supreme Court found that the judgments by the Regional Court Krems an der Donau and the Higher Regional Court Vienna violated the law. This finding serves mainly the clarity and uniform application of the law. The decision of the Supreme Court has no effect on the defendant.

Key quotation in original language and its unofficial translation into English with reference details

"The offences of § 283 (1), (2) and (4) of the Austrian Criminal Code are conceptualised as continuous offence, in case publicity [...] is also given beyond the moment of publication."

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