UNESCO (2024), Global outlook on racism and discrimination.

Country

Albania Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czechia Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands North Macedonia Poland Portugal Romania Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden

Title

UNESCO (2024), Global outlook on racism and discrimination.

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Year

2024

Publication type

Report - official data on incidents

Geographical coverage

International

Area/location of interest

Not applicable - European level

Type of Institution

UN body

Institution

International, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

Thematic focus

Racism & xenophobia Discrimination

Groups

Religious minorities People of African descent Roma & Travellers People with disabilities

Key findings

The analysis of more than 600.000 online articles across the world shows that globally, two-thirds of discrimination is driven by race, gender, and sex. It spans a spectrum of harm, ranging from verbal abuse (34% of cases) to physical assaults (18%) and systemic discrimination (25%), with individual actions amplified by broader systems and structures. In the EU and North America (including Israel), 22% of discrimination cases exhibited an intersectional dimension, with race (68%), ethnicity (62%), origin (33%), and sex and gender (25%) being the most frequently cited categories in intersectional discrimination cases.

Methodology (Qualitative/Quantitative and exact type used, questionnaires etc)

AI-tool- based analysis of online articles on racism and discrimination, that were published between January 2021 and May 2024

Sample details and representativeness

634,094 articles (news articles, academic research papers, books, blogs, reports, and publications)

DISCLAIMERThe information presented here is collected under contract by the FRA's research network FRANET. The information and views contained do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of the FRA.