Bias Motive |
Groups |
Key facts | |||||
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Sweden | Supreme Administrative Court (Högsta förvaltningsrätten) | 2022 | Sweden / Supreme Administrative Court / Målnummer 4266-21, 4120-21 | Religion | Muslims | In two cases, the Supreme Administrative Court examined whether municipal decisions not to accept headscarves and similar clothing items that have the purpose of concealing students and staff in municipal preschools and primary schools were contrary to legislation or other regulations. A number of municipal inhabitants in each municipality claimed, among other things, that the municipal decisions interfered with the freedom of religion. | View more |
France |
Court of Cassation, Criminal Chamber |
2021 |
France / Court of cassation / Decision No. 20-83.325 / ECLI:FR:CCASS:2021:CR00240 |
Religion | Muslims | The case dealt with the sale and advertising on two far-right websites of a leaflet containing the words: "Islam assassin, Islam dehors" (Islam assassin, Islam get out), in white letters, appearing on a blood red background for the first two words and on a black background for the other two words. | View more |
North Macedonia | Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) | 2021 | North Macedonia / Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) / No.0801-402/1 | Religion | Muslims | A pupil from seventh grade in a private francophone primary school was signed off unilaterally by the school itself on 30 June 2022, i.e. was expelled from the school. The legal representative of the parents raised a discrimination claim in front of the equailty body claiming that the child was expelled due to their Muslim religious backgrond. The CPPD found no discrimination. | View more |
Denmark | Østre Landsret (The Eastern National Court) | 2021 | Denmark / National Court / | Religion | Muslims | The case concerned whether the accused by a range of circumstances had violated § 266 b of the Danish Criminal Code (commonly known as "the racism paragraph"). The accused were found guilty in violating § 266 b in six of the circumstances. The circumstances was related to a range of statements regarding people from Greenland, Muslims and people living in the so-called "ghettos". The statements were delivered both online and during demonstrations. The case was distinct in the… | View more |
North Macedonia | Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) | 2021 | North Macedonia / Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) / No.08-242/1 | Religion | Muslims | Prnalija is a village situated in the Municipality of Radovish, inhabited by Turks of Muslim religious affiliation. The village has no access water and sewage system which would allow access to clean drinking water to each household. They rely on the main village public tap for drinking water. The lack of access was especially felt during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, the inhabitants complained to the equality body of discrimination in access to goods and services on grounds of ethnicity and… | View more |
North Macedonia | Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) | 2021 | North Macedonia / Commission for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination (Комисија за спречување и заштита од дискриминација) / No.0801-413 | Religion | Muslims | A natural person published a public Facebook post and a youtube video ridiculing and realtivising a tragic bus accident which happened in Bulgaria in November 2021, where 45 people from North Macedonia lost their lives. In this publicly shared post, the person stated that there should not be a national day of mourning and flying of flags half-mast because the persons that lost their lives "are not ours". The post stated: "looking at the list of names...majority are not even… | View more |
Serbia | The Commissioner for the Protection of Equality (Poverenik za zaštitu ravnopravnosti) | 2021 | Serbia / The Commissioner for the Protection of Equality / 07-00-367/2021-02 | Migrant status | refugees & asylum seekers | Two refugees from Iran filed a complaint against a bank that refused to open their account based on their refugee status in Serbia. The bank clerk told them that it was impossible to open an account with their refugee ID, due to “technical problems.” The case involved situational testing for evidence collection. The first tester was a Serbian-speaking foreigner with refugee ID, whom the bank also refused to provide services. The following day, the second tester, a Serbian citizen, managed to… | View more |
North Macedonia | Court of First Instance (Основен граѓански суд Скопје) | 2021 | North Macedonia / Court of First Instance (Основен граѓански суд Скопје) / XII П5 22/29 | Religion | Muslims | This case is based on a journalistic campaign by two media outlets, Kurir and Lider, which painted the activist Mersiha Smailović with a caricature of Hitler surrounded by a swastika, attempting to suggest antisemitic behaviour. This incited a spread of hate speech and Islamophobia towards Smailović on social media. Due to the non-responsiveness of the Public Prosecutor's office in cases of hate speech, Smailović, like other activists in similar circumstances, opted for filing a civil… | View more |
North Macedonia | Ombudsperson Office of the Republic of North Macedonia (Народен правобранител на Република Северна Македонија) | 2021 | North Macedonia / Ombudsman office of North Macedonia / unpublished case | Race/Ethnicity | Muslims | In a Sociology textbook for second year students in reformed high school education, written by Nelko Stojanoski, Mileva Gjurovska and Zoran Matevski, a section of the book states: “We have a high birth rate among Roma, Albanians and Turks. A large percentage of these populations, especially those who are not sufficiently educated, reproduce in a very traditional way, without conscious birth control. In this regard, concrete measures should be taken and a way should be found to bring the birth… | View more |
Finland | District Court of Oulu (Oulun käräjäoikeus / Uleåborg tingsrätt) - National court | 2021 | Finland / District Court of Oulu | Migrant status | refugees & asylum seekers | A group of asylum seekers protested against negative asylum decisions in the market square in the city of Oulu. In the early hours of the morning, X threw three petrol-bombs at a tent in the asylum seekers protest camp. At the time, two Iraqi asylum seekers and one local volunteer were outside the tent. There was a charcoal grill in front of the tent. X had not lit the fuse in the bottles, but when the bottles were thrown and shattered, petrol splashed over the tent and on the volunteer’s… | View more |
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