Bias Motive |
Groups |
Key facts | |||||
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France | Court of cassation (Cour de cassation) | 2017 |
France / Court of cassation / Decision No. 15-87415 ECLI:FR:CCASS:2017:CR00492 |
Religion | Muslims | Following the publication, on 1 March 2013, on the site www.bvoltaire. com of a text entitled 'What do we do with Muslims once the Koran has been banned?', the public ministry ordered Mr. X., director of website, and Mr Z., author of the text, to appear directly before the criminal court, on the grounds of incitement to discrimination, hatred or violence towards a group of people because of their origin or their membership of an ethnic group, a race, a religion or a given nation, and… | View more |
France |
Court of Cassation, Criminal Chamber |
2021 |
France / Court of cassation / Decision No. 20-83.325 / ECLI:FR:CCASS:2021:CR00240 |
Religion | Muslims | The case dealt with the sale and advertising on two far-right websites of a leaflet containing the words: "Islam assassin, Islam dehors" (Islam assassin, Islam get out), in white letters, appearing on a blood red background for the first two words and on a black background for the other two words. | View more |
France | Court of Cassation (Cour de cassation) | 2019 | France / Court of Cassation/18-85306/ECLI:FR:CCASS:2019:CR01531 | Race/Ethnicity | Muslims | The Public Prosecutor summoned historian Mr. N., editor-in-chief of the Revue d'histoire de la Shoah (Holocaust History Journal), and editorial manager of the Holocaust Memorial and guest on the programme 'Répliques' (Replies) on 10 October 2015, to appear before the criminal court on charges of incitement to discrimination, hatred or violence against a person or group of persons on account of their origin or their membership or non-membership of a particular ethnic group, nation… | View more |
France | Court of Cassation (Cour de cassation) | 2019 | France / Court of Cassation/19-81631/ECLI:FR:CCASS:2019:CR01817 | Religion | Muslims | On 13 September 2016, an article was put on line on the site saintnazairebleumarine.fr., entitled ‘The alarming sacrifice of Eid al-Adha (Aïd el-Kébir) in a Saint-Nazaire sports hall’ containing the following, ‘we learn that the Council grants organizational facilities through lending of rooms to associations responsible for such practices. The sports halls of our municipality are places for development at the service of sport, public health and our youth. They are not theatres of agony and… | View more |
France | Court of Cassation | 2017 | France / Court of Cassation/ECLI:FR:CCASS:2017:SO02484 | Religion | Muslims | Ms. Y. a design engineer, was dismissed for misconduct for refusing to remove her Islamic headscarf when she worked in the company's corporate clients' offices. The employee brought an action before the labour court challenging her dismissal and claiming that it constituted a discriminatory measure on the grounds of her religious beliefs. The Paris Court of Appeal said that her dismissal was based on real and serious grounds. | View more |
France | Court of Cassation | 2018 | France / Court of Cassation/ECLI:FR:CCASS:2018:CR01309 | Religion, Race/Ethnicity | Muslims | Mr. Y. was summoned to appear before the criminal court on the charge of provocation of racial discrimination against the Muslim community. This was following statements published on a website, which he is the director of publication for, under the title, "What if Islam were the cult of sexual and moral perversion?". The judges of first instance convicted him on this count. The Court of Appeal upheld their decision. | View more |
France | Court of Cassation | 2018 | France / Court of Cassation/ECLI:FR:CCASS:2018:CR03270 | Religion | Muslims | Mr B., a journalist and essayist, was summoned to appear before the criminal court for having made anti-Muslim remarks to Mr Stefano A, an Italian journalist, during an interview (in French, translated into Italian) in Paris on 30 October 2014 with the Italian daily newspaper Corriere Della Serra, published in the country and broadcast on the internet. He said: "Muslims have their civil code, it's the Koran, they live among themselves in the peripheries, the French have been forced to… | View more |
France | European Court of Human Rights, Fifth section | 2021 |
France / ECtHR / Application no. 45581/15 / Sanchez v. France |
Religion | Muslims | The case dealt with online incitement to racial hatred or violence against people of the Muslim faith. More practically, the plaintiff, a local elected official and candidate for the legislative elections for a far-right party, was convicted by the French courts for incitement to hatred towards a group of people or a person on the basis of a specific religion, for failing to promptly delete the publication by third parties (S.B. and L.R.) of contentious comments on the wall of his Facebook… | View more |
France | European Court of Human Rights, Fifth section | 2022 | France / ECtHR / Application no. 63539/19 / Zemmour v. France | Religion | Muslims | The case dealt with the incitement to discrimination and religious hatred against a group of people because of their belonging to the Muslim religion. In a television programme, the plaintiff, a far-right polemicist journalist, presented Muslims living in France as "colonizers" and "invaders" in a combat to "Islamize" France, and claimed that this situation implied that they had to make "a choice between Islam and France". He was convicted by the French… | View more |
France | Paris Court of appeal (Cour d'appel de Paris) | 2013 | France / Paris Court of appeal , Ordinance | Religion | Migrants | The Paris Court (TGI) ordered the company Twitter to communicate to plaintiffs the data in its possession in order to allow them to identify whoever contributed to the creation of clearly unlawful tweets. It also ordered Twitter to set up an easily accessible and visible device allowing any person to bring to their attention any illegal content classed as condoning crimes against humanity and inciting racial hatred. Twitter appealed this decision. One of the plaintiffs, the Union of Jewish… | View more |
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