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Work on rights
Pravno varstvo, pravice žrtev in pravosodno sodelovanje
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Civilna družba
Listina EU o temeljnih pravicah
Kaj so temeljne pravice?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambula
Naslov I: Dostojanstvo
1 - Človekovo dostojanstvo
2 - Pravica do življenja
3 - Pravica do osebne celovitosti
4 - Prepoved mučenja in nečloveškega ali ponižujočega ravnanja ali kaznovanja
5 - Prepoved suženjstva in prisilnega dela.
Naslov II: Svoboščine
6 - Pravica do svobode in varnosti
7 - Spoštovanje zasebnega in družinskega življenja
8 - Varstvo osebnih podatkov
9 - Pravica sklepanja zakonske zveze in pravica ustvarjanja družine
10 - Svoboda misli, vesti in vere
11 - Svoboda izražanja in obveščanja
12 - Svoboda zbiranja in združevanja
13 - Svoboda umetnosti in znanosti
14 - Pravica do izobraževanja
15 - Svoboda izbire poklica in pravica do dela
16 - Svoboda gospodarske pobude
17 - Lastninska pravica
18 - Pravica do azila
19 - Varstvo v primeru odstranitve, izgona ali izročitve
Naslov III: Enakost
20 - Enakost pred zakonom
21 - Prepoved diskriminacije
22 - Kulturna, verska in jezikovna raznolikost
23 - Enakost žensk in moških
24 - Pravice otroka
25 - Pravice starejših
26 - Vključenost invalidov
Naslov IV: Solidarnost
27 - Pravica delavcev do obveščenosti in posvetovanja v podjetju
28 - Pravica do kolektivnih pogajanj in ukrepov
29 - Pravica dostopa do služb za posredovanje zaposlitev
30 - Varstvo v primeru neupravičene odpustitve
31 - Pošteni in pravični delovni pogoji
32 - Prepoved dela otrok in varstvo mladih pri delu
33 - Družinsko in poklicno življenje
34 - Socialna varnost in socialna pomoč
35 - Varovanje zdravja
36 - Dostop do storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena
37 - Varstvo okolja
38 - Varstvo potrošnikov
Naslov V: Pravice Državljanov
39 - Pravica voliti in biti voljen na volitvah v Evropski parlament
40 - Pravica voliti in biti voljen na občinskih volitvah
41 - Pravica do dobrega upravljanja
42 - Pravica dostopa do dokumentov
43 - Evropski varuh človekovih pravic
44 - Pravica do peticije
45 - Svoboda gibanja in prebiva
46 - Diplomatska in konzularna zaščita
Naslov VI: Sodno Varstvo
47 - Pravica do učinkovitega pravnega sredstva in nepristranskega sodišča
48 - Domneva nedolžnosti in pravica do obrambe
49 - Načeli zakonitosti in sorazmernosti kaznivih dejanj in kazni
50 - Pravica, da se za isto kaznivo dejanje kazensko ne preganja ali kaznuje dvakrat
Naslov VII: Splošne določbe
51 - Področje uporabe
52 - Obseg pravic in načel ter njihova razlaga
53 - Raven varstva
54 - Prepoved zlorabe pravic
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Work on rights
Pravno varstvo, pravice žrtev in pravosodno sodelovanje
Pravice žrtev
Pravice obtožencev
Sodno varstvo v civilnih zadevah
Pravosodno sodelovanje in vladavina prava
Varnost
Podjetništvo in človekove pravice
Enakost, nediskriminacija in rasizem
Otroci, mladina in starejši ljudje
Invalidne osebe
Kazniva dejanja iz sovraštva
Rasno in etnično poreklo
Vera in prepričanja
Romi
Spol, spolna usmerjenost in spolna identiteta
Azil, migracije in meje
Dostop do azila
Meje in informacijski sistemi
Zaščita otrok
Nezakonite migracije, vračanje in pridržanje migrantov
Zakonite migracije in vključevanje
Trgovina z ljudmi in izkoriščanje delovne sile
Varstvo podatkov, zasebnost in nove tehnologije
Umetna inteligenca in velepodatki
Meje in informacijski sistemi
Varstvo podatkov
Nezakonito profiliranje
Podpora za sisteme in branilce človekovih pravic
Listina EU o temeljnih pravicah
Medvladni sistemi za človekove pravice
Nacionalni sistemi in organi za človekove pravice
Civilna družba
Listina EU o temeljnih pravicah
Listina EU o temeljnih pravicah
Kaj so temeljne pravice?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambula
Naslov I: Dostojanstvo
1 -
Človekovo dostojanstvo
2 -
Pravica do življenja
3 -
Pravica do osebne celovitosti
4 -
Prepoved mučenja in nečloveškega ali ponižujočega ravnanja ali kaznovanja
5 -
Prepoved suženjstva in prisilnega dela.
Naslov II: Svoboščine
6 -
Pravica do svobode in varnosti
7 -
Spoštovanje zasebnega in družinskega življenja
8 -
Varstvo osebnih podatkov
9 -
Pravica sklepanja zakonske zveze in pravica ustvarjanja družine
10 -
Svoboda misli, vesti in vere
11 -
Svoboda izražanja in obveščanja
12 -
Svoboda zbiranja in združevanja
13 -
Svoboda umetnosti in znanosti
14 -
Pravica do izobraževanja
15 -
Svoboda izbire poklica in pravica do dela
16 -
Svoboda gospodarske pobude
17 -
Lastninska pravica
18 -
Pravica do azila
19 -
Varstvo v primeru odstranitve, izgona ali izročitve
Naslov III: Enakost
20 -
Enakost pred zakonom
21 -
Prepoved diskriminacije
22 -
Kulturna, verska in jezikovna raznolikost
23 -
Enakost žensk in moških
24 -
Pravice otroka
25 -
Pravice starejših
26 -
Vključenost invalidov
Naslov IV: Solidarnost
27 -
Pravica delavcev do obveščenosti in posvetovanja v podjetju
28 -
Pravica do kolektivnih pogajanj in ukrepov
29 -
Pravica dostopa do služb za posredovanje zaposlitev
30 -
Varstvo v primeru neupravičene odpustitve
31 -
Pošteni in pravični delovni pogoji
32 -
Prepoved dela otrok in varstvo mladih pri delu
33 -
Družinsko in poklicno življenje
34 -
Socialna varnost in socialna pomoč
35 -
Varovanje zdravja
36 -
Dostop do storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena
37 -
Varstvo okolja
38 -
Varstvo potrošnikov
Naslov V: Pravice Državljanov
39 -
Pravica voliti in biti voljen na volitvah v Evropski parlament
40 -
Pravica voliti in biti voljen na občinskih volitvah
41 -
Pravica do dobrega upravljanja
42 -
Pravica dostopa do dokumentov
43 -
Evropski varuh človekovih pravic
44 -
Pravica do peticije
45 -
Svoboda gibanja in prebiva
46 -
Diplomatska in konzularna zaščita
Naslov VI: Sodno Varstvo
47 -
Pravica do učinkovitega pravnega sredstva in nepristranskega sodišča
48 -
Domneva nedolžnosti in pravica do obrambe
49 -
Načeli zakonitosti in sorazmernosti kaznivih dejanj in kazni
50 -
Pravica, da se za isto kaznivo dejanje kazensko ne preganja ali kaznuje dvakrat
Naslov VII: Splošne določbe
51 -
Področje uporabe
52 -
Obseg pravic in načel ter njihova razlaga
53 -
Raven varstva
54 -
Prepoved zlorabe pravic
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Gradivo
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CJEU - C 343/09 / Opinion of Advocate General
CJEU - C 343/09 / Opinion of Advocate General
The Queen, on the application of Afton Chemical Limited v Secretary of State for Transport
Deciding body type
Court of Justice of the European Union
Deciding body
European Court of Justice
Type
Opinion
Decision date
06/05/2010
Listina Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Title IV: Solidarity
Article 35 - Health care
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Title IV: Solidarity
Article 37 - Environmental protection
VIEW FULL CASE
CJEU - C 343/09 / Opinion of Advocate General
Key facts of the case:
This case involved a reference for an interpretation of Community legislation. It concerned the product Methylcyclopentadienyl-manganese-tricarbonyl (‘MMT’) which is a metallic additive added to motor fuel. By Directive 2009/30/EC which amends Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 13 October 1998 regarding the specification of petrol, diesel and gas-oil the European Union introduced strict limits for the use of MMT and labelling requirements for metallic additives. This was in response to fears that they are a danger to human health and the environment. Afton Chemical is the largest producer of MMT and considered the fears to be unfounded. It argued that the Directive breached the precautionary principle, the principle of proportionality and the principle of equality.
Results (sanctions) and key consequences of the case:
Examination of the questions referred has disclosed nothing which could call into question the validity of Article 1(8) of Directive 2009/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 98/70/EC as regards the specification of petrol, diesel and gas-oil and introducing a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and amending Council Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the specification of fuel used by inland waterway vessels and repealing Directive 93/12/EEC.
Interpretation of article(s) and implications for the resolution of the case:
The AG confirmed the ECJ’s interpretation of the precautionary principle as “Where it proves impossible to determine with certainty the existence or extent of the risk envisaged because of the insufficiency, inconclusiveness or imprecision of the results of the studies conducted, but the likelihood of real harm to human or animal health or to the environment persists should the risk materialise, the precautionary principle justifies the adoption of restrictive measures.” (para 52) The AG stated that “According to that principle, health and the environment are not protected on the basis of a principle of protection from damage which is bound to occur. Rather, preventive measures may be taken against risks whose extent is disputed. In this way, the legislature can give priority to the objective of protection of health or the environment over restriction of other interests.” (para 94)
The AG also stated that “the precautionary principle applies primarily in connection with the assessment of the principle of proportionality.” (para 54) This latter principle is meaning that “The acts of the bodies of the Union must … not exceed the bounds of what is appropriate and necessary in order to achieve the objectives legitimately pursued by the legislation in question; when there is a choice between several appropriate measures recourse must be had to the least onerous, and the disadvantages caused must not be disproportionate to the aims pursued.” (para 56) The AG confirmed that “It is for the legislature and not for the courts to weigh these considerations against one another. In particular, it can decide to minimise the risks or exclude them altogether through restrictive measures. Otherwise it would have to accept that the risks might materialise and the anticipated damage actually occur. Particularly in the case of precautions against risks to human health, the legislature can generally hardly be accused of taking manifestly disproportionate measures.” (para 95)
The AG went on to say “Account must be taken, in the course of weighing up these interests, of the fact that restrictive precautionary measures are essentially of a provisional nature. They must be cancelled when new findings allay fears in that regard. In that way it is ensured, in accordance with the principle of proportionality, that the restrictions are not applied for any longer than necessary. As the Commission points out, this at the same time creates an incentive, reflecting the ‘polluter pays’ principle, for producers and users of such products to investigate their effects. To the extent that, on the other hand, the legislature must prove risks in order to justify restrictions, there is an opposite incentive for these persons to prevent the scientific investigation of such risks. (para 96) Accordingly, the restrictions are imposed as a prohibition subject to prior authorisation. Article 8a(1) and (3) of Directive 98/70 expressly provides that the risks are to be investigated further and the limits revised by the Commission if necessary. This is expressly mentioned in recital 35. If Afton succeeds in producing relevant scientific information the Commission would be obliged to rethink the rules on MMT.” (para 97)
Paragraphs referring to EU Charter
52, 94, 54, 56, 95, 96, 97