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Title I: Dignity
1 -
Human dignity
2 -
Right to life
3 -
Right to integrity of the person
4 -
Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
5 -
Slavery / Forced Labour
Title II: Freedoms
6 -
Right to liberty and security
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Respect for private and family life
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Protection of personal data
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Right to marry and right to found a family
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Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
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Freedom of expression and information
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Freedom of assembly and of association
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Freedom of the arts and sciences
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Right to education
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Freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work
16 -
Freedom to conduct a business
17 -
Right to property
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Right to asylum
19 -
Protection in the event of removal, expulsion or extradition
Title III: Equality
20 -
Equality before the law
21 -
Non-discrimination
22 -
Cultural, religious and linguistic diversity
23 -
Equality between women and men
24 -
The rights of the child
25 -
The rights of the elderly
26 -
Integration of persons with disabilities
Title IV: Solidarity
27 -
Workers' right to information and consultation within the undertaking
28 -
Right of collective bargaining and action
29 -
Right of access to placement services
30 -
Protection in the event of unjustified dismissal
31 -
Fair and just working conditions
32 -
Prohibition of child labour and protection of young people at work
33 -
Family and professional life
34 -
Social security and social assistance
35 -
Health care
36 -
Access to services of general economic interest
37 -
Environmental protection
38 -
Consumer protection
Title V: Citizens' rights
39 -
Right to vote and to stand as a candidate at elections to the European Parliament
40 -
Right to vote and to stand as a candidate at municipal elections
41 -
Right to good administration
42 -
Right of access to documents
43 -
European Ombudsman
44 -
Right to petition
45 -
Freedom of movement and of residence
46 -
Diplomatic and consular protection
Title VI: Justice
47 -
Right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial
48 -
Presumption of innocence and right of defence
49 -
Principles of legality and proportionality of criminal offences and penalties
50 -
Right not to be tried or punished twice in criminal proceedings for the same criminal offence
Title VII: General provisions
51 -
Field of application
52 -
Scope and interpretation
53 -
Level of protection
54 -
Abuse of rights
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Work On Rights
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Fundamental rights of older people: ensuring access to public services in digital societies
13
September
2023
Fundamental rights of older people: ensuring access to public services in digital societies
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Europe’s ageing population is ever-increasing, and our societies are becoming more digitalised. Many public services are now available online, with many more services in the process of being digitalised. But the digitalisation of public services poses a risk of exclusion for older persons. In this new report, FRA explores the impact of digitalisation on the fundamental rights of older persons. The report maps the current legislation, policies and practices fostering digital inclusion. It provides an overview of the laws at the national level that provide for equal access to public services, both online and offline. The findings show how Member States safeguard older person’s rights to access services undergoing digitalisation. It outlines how Member States can support digital skills and ensure older people can fully participate in public life.
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Abbreviations
Key findings
Introduction
Why is this report needed?
Legal and policy context
Research methodology and definition of ‘older persons’
Structure of the report
1. Ageing and digital societies: leaving no one behind
1.1 Ageing societies: the demographic change and its consequences
1.1.1 Increasing share of older persons
1.1.2 Drivers of population ageing
1.1.3 Consequences of population ageing
1.2 Digital societies
1.2.1 Social and digital inequalities
1.2.2 Digital divide(s)
1.3 The grey digital divide in equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
1.3.1 The divide in the ‘grey divide’ and the impact of education
1.3.2 Access of older persons to the internet and preferred devices
1.3.3 Internet use by older persons
1.3.4 Older persons’ digital skills
1.3.5 General and health-related digital activities of older persons
1.3.6 Older persons’ use of digital public services
2. Legal and policy instruments at EU and international levels
2.1 Legal framework
2.1.1 European Union legal framework
2.1.2 Council of Europe legal framework
2.1.3 International legal framework
2.2 Policy framework
2.2.1 European Union policy framework
2.2.2 Council of Europe policy framework
2.2.3 International policy framework
3. Legal and policy instruments at national level
3.1 National laws regulating equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.1.1 Approach 1: E-government law guarantees equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.1.2 Approach 2: Sectoral law guarantees equal access to particular public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.2 Laws addressing certain groups’ particular risks of digital exclusion
3.2.1 Addressing age-based digital exclusion in law
3.2.2 Addressing disability-based digital exclusion in law
3.3 Complaint mechanisms and systematic monitoring concerning equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.4 National policy frameworks on digitalising public services
3.4.1 Explicit mention of equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation in national policies and strategies
3.4.2 Explicit recognition of non-discrimination in national policies and strategies
3.4.3 Retaining offline public service options in policy documents
3.4.4 Recognising groups at risk of digital exclusion in policy
3.5 Financial resources for the implementation of national policies addressing digitalisation
4. Targeted individual and structural measures to promote older persons’ equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
4.1 First-level digital divide: closing the gap by increasing affordability
4.2 Second-level digital divide: enabling users through training
4.2.1 Addressing digital exclusion of older persons by implementing digital inclusion measures
4.2.2 Promoting digital literacy across the life cycle
4.2.3 Providing targeted offline and digital support services
4.2.4 Providing targeted digital support services
4.2.5 Fostering inclusive and user-centred service design through co-creation, co-design and participatory design
4.3 Third-level digital divide: empowering users
5. Ways forward: anchoring equal access to public services and non-discrimination in national law, policies and measures
5.1 Taking a fundamental rights perspective on ageing
5.2 Combatting ageism through the participation of older persons of all ages
5.3 Reaching out and motivating people of all ages to achieve basic digital skills
5.4 Monitoring digital decade targets for all ages through inclusive data collection
5.5 Preparing for the future of an ageing and digitalising Europe
Annex 1: Glossary
About this publication
Abbreviations
Charter
- EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Declaration
- European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles
DESI
- Digital Economy and Society Index
ECtHR
- European Court of Human Rights
EU
- European Union
EU-27
- 27 EU Member States
FRA
- European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
ICT
- Information and communication technology
NRRP
- National recovery and resilience plan
UN
- United Nations
Key findings
Country Research
13 September 2023
Ageing in digital societies: enablers and barriers to older persons exercising their social rights - Country research
Children, youth and older people
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
These documents were commissioned under contract as background material for comparative analysis for the project ‘Ageing in digital societies: enablers and
barriers to older persons exercising their social rights‘. The information and views contained in the documents do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of FRA. The documents are made publicly available for transparency and information purposes only and do not constitute legal advice or legal opinion.
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13 September 2023
Country research - Ageing in digital societies: enablers and barriers to older persons exercising their social rights - Austria
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Country research - Ageing in digital societies: enablers and barriers to older persons exercising their social rights - Slovakia
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