• Report / Paper / Summary
    2
    October
    2025
    This report examines the fundamental rights and living conditions of Roma and Travellers across 10 EU Member States and
    3 accession countries. The survey evaluates progress towards the EU Roma strategic framework’s 2030 objectives, covering areas such as discrimination, poverty, education, employment, health, and housing.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    29
    April
    2025
    National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) play an important role in providing independent human rights protection in EU Member States. Since 2020, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) has been tracking the accreditation status and mandates of NHRIs across the EU. The 2025 annual update continues this work. These updates examine whether NHRIs are involved in monitoring compliance with fundamental rights in the use of EU funds, and how they use the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights when advising governments or carrying out education, training, and awareness-raising activities.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    30
    July
    2024
    Fundamental rights violations on the EU’s land and sea borders often go unreported. Investigations into these violations need to be more effective. This report gathers examples of alleged rights violations of migrants and refugees between 2020 and 2023. It sets out 10 steps to promote prompt and effective national investigations into incidents of ill-treatment at borders.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    11
    July
    2024
    Antisemitism is still a reality for many Jewish people in the EU today. Faced with prejudice and hostility, most feel unable to live openly Jewish lives. This report presents the results of FRA’s third EU survey of Jewish people’s experiences and perceptions of antisemitism. The survey took place before the Hamas attacks in October 2023 and the war in Gaza; however, it includes evidence from a consultation with national and European Jewish umbrella organisations since. It covers 13 EU Member States that together account for around 96 % of the EU’s Jewish population.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    5
    June
    2024
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2024 analyses the year’s developments in fundamental rights. It focuses on the most pressing fundamental rights concerns facing Europe in 2023: the cost-of-living crisis, rights concerns at the EU’s external borders and migration, and threats to democracy. Re-structured, this year’s new approach is a shorter and sharper analysis. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a summary of the evidence supporting these opinions.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    6
    February
    2024
    The 2024 update on NHRIs accreditation status and mandates also covers their engagement in the monitoring of fundamental rights compliance in the use of EU funds at national level. Moreover, the update also shows how NHRIs make use of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights in their work when advising government or in education, training and awareness raising activities. Since its 2020 report 'Strong and effective national human rights institutions – challenges, promising practices and opportunities', the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) has been regularly tracking the accreditation status and mandates of NHRIs.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    19
    December
    2023
    All EU funds must be spent in a way that respect fundamental rights. The EU spends billions of euros on creating jobs, economic growth, sustainable development and improving people’s lives. To prevent funds from being spent in ways that directly violate people’s fundamental rights, the EU strengthened the conditions how funds can be spent in 2021. This report looks at how the newly introduced conditions related to the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities can be upheld in practice. It analyses the potential role of national human rights institutions, ombudsperson institutions and equality bodies. These safeguards can advance compliance with fundamental rights.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    7
    November
    2023
    Antisemitic incidents and hate crimes violate fundamental rights. This report provides an overview of antisemitic incidents in 2022. It reveals persistent gaps in the recording of antisemitism across Europe that impedes efforts to effectively counter hatred towards Jews. It covers antisemitic incidents reported in the 27 EU Member States in 2022 and includes available data of the same year from Albania, the Republic of North Macedonia and Serbia. As this is a yearly publication covering the period 01/01/2022–31/12/2022, it does not include antisemitic incidents reported in 2023. This is the 19th edition and is the only annual source of data of this nature for the EU.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    8
    June
    2023
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2023 reviews major developments in the field in 2022, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    27
    February
    2023
    FRA’s 2021 survey on Roma was conducted in Croatia, Czechia, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, and Spain, as well as in North Macedonia and Serbia. It includes interviews with more than 8,400 Roma, collecting information on more than 20,000 individuals living in their households. This technical report provides a detailed overview of the survey methodology used by FRA when collecting the survey data.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    25
    October
    2022
    02 November 2022
    This report presents findings from FRA’s 2021 survey on Roma in Croatia, Czechia, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania and Spain, as well as in North Macedonia and Serbia. The survey includes interviews with more than 8,400 Roma, collecting information on more than 20,000 individuals living in their households. By focusing on Roma, the survey provides unique data and information that are not available from European general population surveys, which do not disaggregate on grounds of ethnic origin. The findings present a bleak but familiar picture of exclusion, deprivation, discrimination and racism.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Η παρακολούθηση της κατάστασης των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων στα εξωτερικά σύνορα της ΕΕ θα πρέπει να είναι συστηματική και τακτική για μια σειρά δραστηριοτήτων διαχείρισης των συνόρων, όπως είναι η επιτήρηση των συνόρων, οι συλλήψεις στα χερσαία, θαλάσσια και εναέρια σύνορα, καθώς και η λειτουργία των μηχανισμών παραπομπής, ακόμη και σε περίπτωση μαζικών αφίξεων. Οι παρούσες γενικές κατευθυντήριες γραμμές έχουν ως στόχο να βοηθήσουν τα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ να συγκροτήσουν εθνικούς ανεξάρτητους μηχανισμούς για την παρακολούθηση της συμμόρφωσης προς τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα στα εξωτερικά σύνορα της ΕΕ, σύμφωνα με την πρόταση κανονισμού για τον έλεγχο διαλογής που ανακοινώθηκε στις 23 Σεπτεμβρίου 2020 από την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή. Εκπονήθηκαν από τον Οργανισμό Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης κατόπιν αιτήματος της Επιτροπής.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    ** As of 19 September 2024 a new version of this guidance has been issued. Please see the link below. **

    Fundamental rights monitoring at EU external borders should be systematically and regularly carried out for a range of border management activities. These include border surveillance, apprehensions at land, sea and air borders, and the operation of referral mechanisms, including in the event of mass arrivals. This general guidance provides assistance to EU Member States in setting up national independent mechanisms to monitor fundamental rights compliance at EU external borders, in line with the proposed screening regulation of 23 September 2020 by the European Commission. The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights prepared this guidance at the request of the Commission.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    El control del respeto de los derechos fundamentales en las fronteras exteriores de la UE debe llevarse a cabo de forma sistemática y regular para determinadas actividades de gestión fronteriza. Estas actividades incluyen la vigilancia de fronteras, las detenciones en las fronteras terrestres, marítimas y aéreas, y el funcionamiento de los mecanismos de devolución, incluso en el caso de llegadas masivas. Esta guía general proporciona asistencia a los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea (UE) para crear mecanismos nacionales independientes con el fin de supervisar el cumplimiento de los derechos fundamentales en las fronteras exteriores de la UE, de acuerdo con la propuesta de reglamento de control de 23 de septiembre de 2020 de la Comisión Europea. La Agencia de Derechos Fundamentales de la UE elaboró esta guía a solicitud de la Comisión.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Perusoikeuksien toteutumista EU:n ulkorajoilla pitäisi seurata järjestelmällisesti ja säännöllisesti rajaturvallisuuden ylläpitämiseen liittyvissä eri toimissa. Näitä toimia ovat muun muassa rajavartiointi, kiinniottamiset maa-, meri- ja ilmarajoilla ja asianmukaiseen menettelyyn ohjaamista koskevan mekanismin käyttö, myös silloin, kun kyse on joukoittaisesta maahantulosta. Nämä yleiset ohjeet auttavat EU:n jäsenvaltioita perustamaan kansallisia riippumattomia mekanismeja perusoikeuksien noudattamisen seurantaan EU:n ulkorajoilla Euroopan komission 23. syyskuuta 2020 ehdottaman seulonta-asetuksen mukaisesti. EU:n perusoikeusvirasto laati nämä ohjeet komission pyynnöstä.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Praćenje poštovanja temeljnih prava na vanjskim granicama EU‑a trebalo bi se sustavno i redovno provoditi za široki raspon aktivnosti upravljanja granicama. Te aktivnosti obuhvaćaju nadzor granica, uhićenja na kopnenim, morskim i zračnim granicama te rad mehanizama za upućivanje, uključujući u slučaju masovnih dolazaka. Ovim općim smjernicama pruža se pomoć državama članicama EU‑a u uspostavi nacionalnih neovisnih mehanizama praćenja poštovanja temeljnih prava na vanjskim granicama EU‑a, u skladu s uredbom o dubinskoj provjeri koju je Europska komisija predložila 23. rujna 2020. Agencija Europske unije za temeljna prava izradila je ove smjernice na zahtjev Komisije.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Az alapjogok uniós külső határokon történő nyomon követésének szisztematikusnak és rendszeresnek kell lennie számos határigazgatási tevékenység tekintetében. E tevékenységek közé tartozik a határőrizet, a szárazföldi, tengeri és légi határokon történő őrizetbe vétel, valamint az áldozatkezelési mechanizmusok működtetése, többek között tömeges érkezések esetén is. Ez az általános iránymutatás segítséget nyújt az uniós tagállamok számára az alapjogok uniós külső határokon történő tiszteletben tartásának nyomon követésére szolgáló független nemzeti mechanizmusoknak az előszűrésről szóló rendeletre vonatkozó, 2020. szeptember 23-i európai bizottsági javaslattal összhangban történő létrehozásához. Az Európai Unió Alapjogi Ügynöksége a Bizottság kérésére készítette el ezt az iránymutatást.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Il monitoraggio dei diritti fondamentali alle frontiere esterne dell’UE dovrebbe essere effettuato sistematicamente e regolarmente per una serie di attività di gestione delle frontiere, tra cui la sorveglianza delle frontiere, i fermi alle frontiere terrestri, marittime e aeree e la gestione dei meccanismi di indirizzamento, anche in caso di arrivi di massa. I presenti orientamenti generali forniscono assistenza agli Stati membri dell’Unione europea (UE) ai fini dell’istituzione di meccanismi nazionali indipendenti tesi a monitorare il rispetto dei diritti fondamentali alle frontiere esterne dell’UE, in linea con la proposta di regolamento sugli accertamenti presentata dalla Commissione europea il 23 settembre 2020. L’Agenzia dell’Unione europea per i diritti fondamentali ha elaborato i presenti orientamenti su richiesta della Commissione.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    14
    October
    2022
    Monitorowanie praw podstawowych na granicach zewnętrznych UE powinno być prowadzone systematycznie i regularnie w odniesieniu do szeregu działań związanych z zarządzaniem granicami. Należą do nich: ochrona granicy, zatrzymania na granicach lądowych, morskich i powietrznych oraz funkcjonowanie mechanizmów ukierunkowanej pomocy, także w przypadku masowego napływu. Niniejsze ogólne wytyczne stanowią pomoc dla państw członkowskich w tworzeniu niezależnych krajowych mechanizmów monitorowania przestrzegania praw podstawowych na granicach zewnętrznych UE, zgodnie z proponowanym przez Komisję Europejską rozporządzeniem w sprawie kontroli przesiewowej z dnia 23 września 2020 r. Agencja Praw Podstawowych Unii Europejskiej przygotowała niniejsze wytyczne na wniosek Komisji.