Libertades
Artículo 12 - Libertad de reunión y de asociación
1. Toda persona tiene derecho a la libertad de reunión pacífica y a la libertad de asociación en todos los niveles, especialmente en los ámbitos político, sindical y cívico, lo que supone el derecho de toda persona a fundar con otras sindicatos y a afiliarse a los mismos para la defensa de sus intereses.
2. Los partidos políticos a escala de la Unión contribuyen a expresar la voluntad política de los ciudadanos de la Unión.
1. Las disposiciones del apartado 1 de este artículo corresponden a lo dispuesto en el artículo 11 del CEDH, que dice lo siguiente: `1. Toda persona tiene derecho a la libertad de reunión pacífica y a la libertad de asociación, incluido el derecho de fundar, con otras, sindicatos y de afiliarse a los mismos para la defensa de sus intereses. 2. El ejercicio de estos derechos no podrá ser objeto de otras restricciones que aquellas que, previstas por la ley, constituyan medidas necesarias, en una sociedad democrática, para la seguridad nacional, la seguridad pública, la defensa del orden y la prevención del delito, la protección de la salud o de la moral, o la protección de los derechos y libertades ajenos. El presente artículo no prohíbe que se impongan restricciones legítimas al ejercicio de estos derechos por los miembros de las fuerzas armadas, de la policía o de la Administración del Estado.` Las disposiciones del apartado 1 del presente artículo 12 tienen el mismo sentido y alcance que las del CEDH, pero su ámbito de aplicación es más amplio dado que pueden aplicarse a todos los niveles, incluido el europeo. Conforme al apartado 3 del artículo 52 de la Carta, las limitaciones a este derecho no pueden sobrepasar las que el apartado 2 del artículo 11 del CEDH considera que pueden ser legítimas. 2. Este derecho se basa también en el artículo 11 de la Carta Comunitaria de los Derechos Sociales Fundamentales de los Trabajadores. 3. El apartado 2 del presente artículo corresponde al apartado 4 del artículo 10 del Tratado de la Unión Europea.
Artikel 8 Het recht tot vereniging wordt erkend. Bij de wet kan dit recht worden beperkt in het belang van de openbare orde. Artikel 9 1. Het recht tot vergadering en betoging wordt erkend, behoudens ieders verantwoordelijkheid volgens de wet.2. De wet kan regels stellen ter bescherming van de gezondheid, in het belang van het verkeer en ter bestrijding of voorkoming van wanordelijkheden.
Article 19 (1) The right of peaceful assembly is guaranteed. (2) This right may be limited by law in the case of assemblies held in public places, if it concerns measures necessary in a democratic society for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others, public order, health, morals, property, or the security of the state. However, an assembly shall not be made to depend on the grant of permission by a public administrative authority. Article 20 (1) The right of association is guaranteed. Everybody has the right to associate together with others in clubs, societies, and other associations. (2) Citizens also have the right to form political parties and political movements and to associate therein. (3) The exercise of these rights may be limited only in cases specified by law, if it involves measures that are necessary in a democratic society for the security of the state, the protection of public security and public order, the prevention of crime, or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. (4) Political parties and political movements, as well as other associations, are separate from the state. Article 22 Any statutory provisions relating to political rights and freedoms, as well as the interpretation and application thereof, shall make possible and protect the free competition among political forces in a democratic society. Article 27 (1) Everyone has the right to associate freely with others for the protection of her economic and social interests. (2) Trade unions shall be established independently of the state. No limits may be placed upon the number of trade union organizations, nor may any of them be given preferential treatment in a particular enterprise or branch of industry. (3) The activities of trade unions and the formation and activities of similar associations for the protection of economic and social interests may be limited by law in the case of measures necessary in a democratic society for the protection of the security of the State, public order, or the rights and freedoms of others. (4) The right to strike is guaranteed under the conditions provided for by law; this right does not appertain to judges, prosecutors, or members of the armed forces or security corps.
Article 5 The political system is founded on the free and voluntary formation of and free competition among those political parties which respect the fundamental democratic principles and which renounce force as a means of promoting their interests.
Článek 19 (1) Právo pokojně se shromažďovat je zaručeno. (2) Toto právo lze omezit zákonem v případech shromáždění na veřejných místech, jde-li o opatření v demokratické společnosti nezbytná pro ochranu práv a svobod druhých, ochranu veřejného pořádku, zdraví, mravnosti, majetku nebo pro bezpečnost státu. Shromáždění však nesmí být podmíněno povolením orgánu veřejné správy. Článek 20 (1) Právo svobodně se sdružovat je zaručeno. Každý má právo spolu s jinými se sdružovat ve spolcích, společnostech a jiných sdruženích. (2) Občané mají právo zakládat též politické strany a politická hnutí a sdružovat se v nich. (3) Výkon těchto práv lze omezit jen v případech stanovených zákonem, jestliže to je v demokratické společnosti nezbytné pro bezpečnost státu, ochranu veřejné bezpečnosti a veřejného pořádku, předcházení trestným činům nebo pro ochranu práv a svobod druhých. (4) Politické strany a politická hnutí, jakož i jiná sdružení jsou odděleny od státu. Článek 22 Zákonná úprava všech politických práv a svobod a její výklad a používání musí umožňovat a ochraňovat svobodnou soutěž politických sil v demokratické společnosti. Článek 27 (1) Každý má právo svobodně se sdružovat s jinými na ochranu svých hospodářských a sociálních zájmů. (2) Odborové organizace vznikají nezávisle na státu. Omezovat počet odborových organizací je nepřípustné, stejně jako zvýhodňovat některé z nich v podniku nebo v odvětví. (3) Činnost odborových organizací a vznik a činnost jiných sdružení na ochranu hospodářských a sociálních zájmů mohou být omezeny zákonem, jde-li o opatření v demokratické společnosti nezbytná pro ochranu bezpečnosti státu, veřejného pořádku nebo práv a svobod druhých. (4) Právo na stávku je zaručeno za podmínek stanovených zákonem; toto právo nepřísluší soudcům, prokurátorům, příslušníkům ozbrojených sil a příslušníkům bezpečnostních sborů.
Článek 5 Politický systém je založen na svobodném a dobrovolném vzniku a volné soutěži politických stran respektujících základní demokratické principy a odmítajících násilí jako prostředek k prosazování svých zájmů.
See ECHR provisions of Article 11 which have been incorporated into UK law by the Human Rights Act 1998. Schedule 1 Article 11 Freedom of assembly and association 1Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. 2No restrictions shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. This Article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of the armed forces, of the police or of the administration of the State.
Chapter 2 - Fundamental rights and freedoms; Article 1 Everyone shall be guaranteed the following rights and freedoms in his or her relations with the public institutions: (...) freedom of assembly: that is, the freedom to organise or attend meetings for the purposes of information or the expression of opinion or for any other similar purpose, or for the purpose of presenting artistic work (...); freedom of association: that is, the freedom to associate with others for public or private purposes (...); Article 14 A trade union or an employer or employers’ association shall be entitled to take industrial action unless otherwise provided in an act of law or under an agreement.
Artículo 6 Los partidos políticos expresan el pluralismo político, concurren a la formación y manifestación de la voluntad popular y son instrumento fundamental para la participación política. Su creación y el ejercicio de su actividad son libres dentro del respeto a la Constitución y a la ley. Su estructura interna y funcionamiento deberán ser democráticos. Artículo 7 Los sindicatos de trabajadores y las asociaciones empresariales contribuyen a la defensa y promoción de los intereses económicos y sociales que les son propios. Su creación y el ejercicio de su actividad son libres dentro del respeto a la Constitución y a la ley. Su estructura interna y funcionamiento deberán ser democráticos.Artículo 21 1. Se reconoce el derecho de reunión pacífica y sin armas. El ejercicio de este derecho no necesitará autorización previa. 2. En los casos de reuniones en lugares de tránsito público y manifestaciones se dará comunicación previa a la autoridad, que sólo podrá prohibirlas cuando existan razones fundadas de alteración del orden público, con peligro para personas o bienes.Artículo 22 1. Se reconoce el derecho de asociación. 2. Las asociaciones que persigan fines o utilicen medios tipificados como delitos son ilegales. 3. Las asociaciones constituidas al amparo de este artículo deberán inscribirse en un registro a los solos efectos de publicidad. 4. Las asociaciones sólo podrán ser disueltas o suspendidas en sus actividades en virtud de resolución judicial motivada. 5. Se prohíben las asociaciones secretas y las de carácter paramilitar.Artículo 28 1. Todos tienen derecho a sindicarse libremente. La ley podrá limitar o exceptuar el ejercicio de este derecho a las Fuerzas o Institutos armados o a los demás Cuerpos sometidos a disciplina militar y regulará las peculiaridades de su ejercicio para los funcionarios públicos. La libertad sindical comprende el derecho a fundar sindicatos y a afiliarse al de su elección, así como el derecho de los sindicatos a formar confederaciones y a fundar organizaciones sindicales internacionales o afiliarse a las mismas. Nadie podrá ser obligado a afiliarse a un sindicato. 2. Se reconoce el derecho a la huelga de los trabajadores para la defensa de sus intereses. La ley que regule el ejercicio de este derecho establecerá las garantías precisas para asegurar el mantenimiento de los servicios esenciales de la
Section 6 Political parties are the expression of political pluralism, they contribute to the formation and expression of the will of the people and are an essential instrument for political participation. Their creation and the exercise of their activities are free in so far as they respect the Constitution and the law. Their internal structure and their functioning must be democratic.
Section 7 Trade unions and employers associations contribute to the defence and promotion of the economic and social interests which they represent. Their creation and the exercise of their activities shall be free in so far as they respect the Constitution and the law. Their internal structure and their functioning must be democratic
Section 21 (1) The right to peaceful unarmed assembly is granted. The exercise of this right shall not require prior authorization. (2) In the case of meetings in public places and of demonstrations, prior notification shall be given to the authorities, who can only forbid them when there are well founded grounds to expect a breach of public order, involving danger to persons or property.
Section 22 (1) The right of association is granted. (2) Associations which pursue ends or use means legally defined as criminal offences are illegal. (3) Associations set up on the basis of this section must be entered in a register for the sole purpose of public knowledge. (4) Associations may only be dissolved or have their activities suspended by virtue of a court order stating the reasons for it. (5) Secret and paramilitary associations are prohibited.
Section 28 (1) All have the right to freely join a trade union. The law may restrict or except the exercise of this right in the Armed Forces or Institutes or other bodies subject to military discipline, and shall lay down the special conditions of its exercise by civil servants. Trade union freedom includes the right to set up trade unions and to join the union of one's choice, as well as the right of trade unions to form confederations and to found international trade union organizations, or to become members thereof. No one may be compelled to join a trade union. (2) The right of workers to strike in defence of their interests is recognized. The law governing the exercise of this right shall establish the safeguards necessary to ensure the maintenance of essential public services.
Article 42 The right of peaceful assembly and public meeting shall be guaranteed. Everyone has the right to freedom of association with others.Legal restrictions of these rights shall be permissible where so required for national security or public safety and for protection against the spread of infectious diseases.Professional members of the defence forces and the police may not be members of political parties.
Article 46 Conscientious objection shall be permissible in cases provided by law where this does not limit the rights and freedoms of others.
Article 76 The freedom to establish, operate and join trade unions shall be guaranteed.
42. člen Zagotovljena je pravica do mirnega zbiranja in do javnih zborovanj. Vsakdo ima pravico, da se svobodno združuje z drugimi. Zakonske omejitve teh pravic so dopustne, če to zahteva varnost države ali javna varnost ter varstvo pred širjenjem nalezljivih bolezni. Poklicni pripadniki obrambnih sil in policije ne morejo biti člani političnih strank.
46. člen Ugovor vesti je dopusten v primerih, ki jih določi zakon, če se s tem ne omejujejo pravice in svoboščine drugih oseb.76. člen Ustanavljanje in delovanje sindikatov ter včlanjevanje vanje je svobodno.
Article 28 (1) The right to peaceful assembly is guaranteed. (2) Conditions for exercising this right shall be laid down by law in the event of assemblies in public places , if such measures is necessary in a democratic society to protect the rights and freedoms of others, public order, health and morals, property or the security of the State. An assembly may not be made conditional on the issuance of an authorization by a state authority. Article 29( 1) The right of free association is guaranteed. Everyone has the right to associate freely with others in clubs, societies or other associations. (2) Citizens have the right to establish political parties and political movements and to associate in them. (3) The exercise of rights pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2 may be restricted only in cases laid down by law if it is necessary in a democratic society for reasons of State security, to protect public order, to prevent criminal acts, or to protect the rights and freedoms of others. (4) Political parties and political movements, as well as clubs, societies or other associations separated from the State. Article 37(1) Everyone has the right to freely associate with others to protect their economic and social interests. (2) Trade unions are established independently of the State. It is inadmissible to limit the number of trade unions organizations, as well as to give some of them preferential status in an enterprise or a branch of the economy.(3) The activity of trade unions and the founding and operation of other associations protecting economic and social interests may be restricted by law, if such measure is necessary in a democratic society to protect the security of the State, public order, or the rights and freedoms of others. (4) The right to strike is guaranteed. The conditions shall be laid down by law. Judges, prosecutors, members of the armed forces and armed corps, and members and employees of Fire and Rescue Brigades do not have this right.
Čl. 28 (1) Právo pokojne sa zhromažďovať sa zaručuje. (2) Podmienky výkonu tohto práva ustanoví zákon v prípadoch zhromažďovania na verejných miestach, ak ide o opatrenia v demokratickej spoločnosti nevyhnutné na ochranu práv a slobôd iných, ochranu verejného poriadku, zdravia a mravnosti, majetku alebo pre bezpečnosť štátu. Zhromaždenie sa nesmie podmieňovať povolením orgánu verejnej správy. Čl. 29 (1) Právo slobodne sa združovať sa zaručuje. Každý má právo spolu s inými sa združovať v spolkoch, spoločnostiach alebo iných združeniach. (2) Občania majú právo zakladať politické strany a politické hnutia a združovať sa v nich. (3) Výkon práv podľa odsekov 1 a 2 možno obmedziť len v prípadoch ustanovených zákonom, ak je to v demokratickej spoločnosti nevyhnutné pre bezpečnosť štátu, na ochranu verejného poriadku, predchádzanie trestným činom alebo na ochranu práv a slobôd iných. (4) Politické strany a politické hnutia, ako aj spolky, spoločnosti alebo iné združenia sú oddelené od štátu.Čl. 3 7(1) Každý má právo sa slobodne združovať s inými na ochranu svojich hospodárskych a sociálnych záujmov. (2) Odborové organizácie vznikajú nezávisle od štátu. Obmedzovať počet odborových organizácií, ako aj zvýhodňovať niektoré z nich v podniku alebo v odvetví, je neprípustné. (3) Činnosť odborových organizácií a vznik a činnosť iných združení na ochranu hospodárskych a sociálnych záujmov možno obmedziť zákonom, ak ide o opatrenie v demokratickej spoločnosti nevyhnutné na ochranu bezpečnosti štátu, verejného poriadku alebo práv a slobôd druhých.(4) Právo na štrajk sa zaručuje. Podmienky ustanoví zákon. Toto právo nemajú sudcovia, prokurátori, príslušníci ozbrojených síl a ozbrojených zborov a príslušníci a zamestnanci hasičských a záchranných zborov.
Articolul 9Sindicatele, patronatele si asociatiile profesionale se constituie si îsi desfasoara activitatea potrivit statutelor lor, în conditiile legii. Ele contribuie la apararea drepturilor si la promovarea intereselor profesionale, economice si sociale ale membrilor lor. Articolul 31(1) Dreptul persoanei de a avea acces la orice informatie de interes public nu poate fi îngradit. (2) Autoritatile publice, potrivit competentelor ce le revin, sunt obligate sa asigure informarea corecta a cetatenilor asupra treburilor publice si asupra problemelor de interes personal. (3) Dreptul la informatie nu trebuie sa prejudicieze masurile de protectie a tinerilor sau securitatea nationala.Articolul 39Mitingurile, demonstratiile, procesiunile sau orice alte întruniri sunt libere si se pot organiza si desfasura numai în mod pasnic, fara nici un fel de arme.Articolul 40(1) Cetatenii se pot asocia liber în partide politice, în sindicate, în patronate si în alte forme de asociere. (2) Partidele sau organizatiile care, prin scopurile ori prin activitatea lor, militeaza împotriva pluralismului politic, a principiilor statului de drept ori a suveranitatii, a integritatii sau a independentei României sunt neconstitutionale. (3) Nu pot face parte din partide politice judecatorii Curtii Constitutionale, avocatii poporului, magistratii, membrii activi ai armatei, politistii si alte categorii de functionari publici stabilite prin lege organica. (4) Asociatiile cu caracter secret sunt interzise.
Article 9Trade unions, employers' associations, and vocational associations shall be established and shall carry out their activity according to their statutes, according to the law. They shall contribute to the protection of rights and the promotion of their members' vocational, economic, and social interests. Article 31(1) A person's right of access to any information of public interest shall not be restricted. (2) The public authorities, according to their competence, shall be bound to provide correct information to the citizens in public affairs and matters of personal interest. (3) The right to information shall not be prejudicial to the measures of protection of young people or national security.Article 39Public meetings, processions, demonstrations or any other assembly shall be free and may be organized and held only peacefully, without arms of any kind whatsoever.Article 40(1) Citizens may freely associate into political parties, trade unions, employers' associations, and other forms of association. (2) The political parties or organizations which, by their aims or activity, militate against political pluralism, the principles of a State governed by the rule of law, or against the sovereignty, integrity or independence of Romania shall be unconstitutional. (3) Judges of the Constitutional Court, the advocates of the people, magistrates, active members of the Armed Forces, policemen and other categories of civil servants, established by an organic law, shall not join political parties. (4) Secret associations are prohibited.
Artigo 45.º (Direito de reunião e de manifestação) 1. Os cidadãos têm o direito de se reunir, pacificamente e sem armas, mesmo em lugares abertos ao público, sem necessidade de qualquer autorização. 2. A todos os cidadãos é reconhecido o direito de manifestação. Artigo 46.º (Liberdade de associação) 1. Os cidadãos têm o direito de, livremente e sem dependência de qualquer autorização, constituir associações, desde que estas não se destinem a promover a violência e os respectivos fins não sejam contrários à lei penal. 2. As associações prosseguem livremente os seus fins sem interferência das autoridades públicas e não podem ser dissolvidas pelo Estado ou suspensas as suas actividades senão nos casos previstos na lei e mediante decisão judicial. 3. Ninguém pode ser obrigado a fazer parte de uma associação nem coagido por qualquer meio a permanecer nela. 4. Não são consentidas associações armadas nem de tipo militar, militarizadas ou paramilitares, nem organizações racistas ou que perfilhem a ideologia fascista.
Article 45 (Right to meet and to demonstrate) 1. Citizens have the right to meet peacefully and without arms, even in places that are open to the public, without the need for any authorisation. 2. All citizens are accorded the right to demonstrate. Article 46 (Freedom of association) (1) Citizens have the right to form associations freely and without the requirement for any authorisation, on condition that such associations are not intended to promote violence and their purposes are not contrary to the criminal law. (2) Associations shall pursue their purposes freely and without interference from the public authorities, and may not be dissolved by the state or have their activities suspended other than in cases provided for by law and then only by judicial decision. (3) No one may be obliged to belong to an association, or be coerced to remain therein by any means. (4) Armed associations, military, militarised or paramilitary-type associations and organisations that are racist or display a fascist ideology are not permitted.
Article 57 The freedom of peaceful assembly and participation in such assemblies shall be ensured to everyone. Limitations upon such freedoms may be imposed by statute. Article 58.1. The freedom of association shall be guaranteed to everyone. 2. Associations whose purposes or activities are contrary to the Constitution or statutes shall be prohibited. The courts shall adjudicate whether to permit an association to register or to prohibit an association from such activities. 3. Statutes shall specify types of associations requiring court registration, a procedure for such registration and the forms of supervision of such associations.Article 59 1. The freedom of association in trade unions, socio-occupational organizations of farmers, and in employers' organizations shall be ensured. 2. Trade unions and employers and their organizations shall have the right to bargain, particularly for the purpose of resolving collective disputes, and to conclude collective labour agreements and other arrangements. 3. Trade unions shall have the right to organize workers' strikes or other forms of protest subject to limitations specified by statute. For protection of the public interest, statutes may limit or forbid the conduct of strikes by specified categories of employees or in specific fields. 4. The scope of freedom of association in trade unions and in employers' organizations may only be subject to such statutory limitations as are permissible in accordance with international agreements to which the Republic of Poland is a party.
Art. 57.Każdemu zapewnia się wolność organizowania pokojowych zgromadzeń i uczestniczenia w nich. Ograniczenie tej wolności może określać ustawa. Art. 58.1. Każdemu zapewnia się wolność zrzeszania się. 2. Zakazane są zrzeszenia, których cel lub działalność są sprzeczne z Konstytucją lub ustawą. O odmowie rejestracji lub zakazie działania takiego zrzeszenia orzeka sąd. 3. Ustawa określa rodzaje zrzeszeń podlegających sądowej rejestracji, tryb tej rejestracji oraz formy nadzoru nad tymi zrzeszeniami.Art. 59. 1.Zapewnia się wolność zrzeszania się w związkach zawodowych, organizacjach społeczno-zawodowych rolników oraz w organizacjach pracodawców. 2. Związki zawodowe oraz pracodawcy i ich organizacje mają prawo do rokowań, w szczególności w celu rozwiązywania sporów zbiorowych, oraz do zawierania układów zbiorowych pracy i innych porozumień. 3. Związkom zawodowym przysługuje prawo do organizowania strajków pracowniczych i innych form protestu w granicach określonych w ustawie. Ze względu na dobro publiczne ustawa może ograniczyć prowadzenie strajku lub zakazać go w odniesieniu do określonych kategorii pracowników lub w określonych dziedzinach. 4. Zakres wolności zrzeszania się w związkach zawodowych i organizacjach pracodawców oraz innych wolności związkowych może podlegać tylko takim ograniczeniom ustawowym, jakie są dopuszczalne przez wiążące Rzeczpospolitą Polską umowy międzynarodowe.
Article 42(1) Except with his own consent or by way of parental discipline no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of peaceful assembly and association, that is to say, his right peacefully to assemble freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to trade or other unions or associations for the protection of his interests. (2) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision – (a) that is reasonably required - (i) in the interests of defence, public safety, public order, public morality or decency, or public health; or (ii) for the purpose of protecting the rights or freedoms of other persons; or (b) that imposes restrictions upon public officers, and except so far as that provision or, as the case may be, the thing done under the authority thereof is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society. (3) For the purposes of this article, any provision in any law prohibiting the holding of public meetings or demonstrations in any one or more particular cities, towns, suburbs or villages shall be held to be a provision which is not reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
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(3) Article 31 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (4) (the ‘Charter’) provides for the right of every worker to working conditions which respect his or her health, safety and dignity. Article 27 of the Charter provides for the right of workers to information and consultation. Article 28 of the Charter provides for the right of workers and employers, or their respective organisations, in accordance with Union law and national laws and practices, to negotiate and conclude collective agreements at the appropriate levels. Article 23 of the Charter provides for the right to equality between women and men in all areas, including employment, work and pay.
Article 23 - Right to equal treatment ‘1. Seasonal workers shall be entitled to equal treatment with nationals of the host Member State at least with regard to [...] (b) the right to strike and take industrial action, in accordance with the host Member State’s national law and practice, and freedom of association and affiliation and membership of an organisation representing workers or of any organisation whose members are engaged in a specific occupation, including the rights and benefits conferred by such organisations, including the right to negotiate and conclude collective agreements, without prejudice to the national provisions on public policy and public security;‘
Article 18 – Right to equal treatment ‘2. Intra-corporate transferees shall enjoy equal treatment with nationals of the Member State where the work is carried out as regards: (a) freedom of association and affiliation and membership of an organisation representing workers or employers or of any organisation whose members are engaged in a specific occupation, including the rights and benefits conferred by such organisations, without prejudice to the national provisions on public policy and public security;‘
Article 6 - Authority for European political parties and European political foundations ‘1. An Authority for European political parties and European political foundations (the 'Authority') is hereby established for the purpose of registering, controlling and imposing sanctions on European political parties and European political foundations in accordance with this Regulation. 2. The Authority shall have legal personality. It shall be independent and shall exercise its functions in full compliance with this Regulation. The Authority shall decide on the registration and de-registration of European political parties and European political foundations in accordance with the procedures and conditions laid down in this Regulation. In addition, the Authority shall regularly verify that the registration conditions laid down in Article 3 and the governance provisions set out in accordance with points (a), (b) and (d) to (f) of Article 4(1) and in points (a) to (e) and (g) of Article 5(1) continue to be complied with by the registered European political parties and European political foundations. In its decisions, the Authority shall give full consideration to the fundamental right of freedom of association and to the need to ensure pluralism of political parties in Europe. The Authority shall be represented by its Director who shall take all decisions of the Authority on its behalf.‘
‘8. Freedom of association is a human right, crucial to the functioning of a democracy, as well ‘as an essential prerequisite for other fundamental freedoms.‘ 9. Furthermore, associations often play an important and positive role in achieving goals that are in the public interest, as has been recognized in international jurisprudence and in general comments and recommendations made by the UN treaty bodies, as well as in resolutions of the Human Rights Council and other international and regional documents.‘ ‘16. The right to freedom of association is a right that has been recognized as capable of being enjoyed individually or by the association itself in the performance of activities and in pursuit of the common interests of its founders and members.‘ ‘17. The right to freedom of association is interrelated with other human rights and freedoms, such as the rights to freedom of expression and opinion, freedom of assembly and freedom of thought, conscience and religion.‘
‘69. Member States should ensure that the activities of human rights defenders within their jurisdiction who focus on the adverse effects of business-related activities on human rights are not obstructed, for example through political pressure, harassment, politically motivated or economic compulsion. In particular, the fundamental rights enjoyed by human rights defenders in accordance with Articles 10 and 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights must be protected.‘ ‘70. Member States should protect and also support, for example through their diplomatic and consular missions, the work of human rights defenders who focus on business-related impacts on human rights in third countries, in accordance with existing international and European standards.‘
‘1. Calls upon all States to promote a safe and enabling environment for individuals and groups to exercise their rights to freedom of peacefulassembly, of expression and of association, recalls that all States have the responsibility in all circumstances, including in the context of peaceful protests, to promote, respect and protect human rights and to prevent human rightsviolations, including extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, arbitrary arrest and detention, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, and sexual violence, and calls upon States to avoid the abuse of criminal and civil proceedings or threats ofsuch acts at all times;‘ ‘2. underlines the necessity to address the management of assemblies, including peaceful protests, so as to contribute to their peaceful conduct, and to prevent loss of life of and injuries to protesters, bystanders, those monitoring such protests and officias exercising law enforcement duties, as well as any human rights violation or abuse, to ensure accountability for such violations and abuses and to provide victims with access to a remedy and redress [...].‘
‘Recognizing that the effective exercise of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, as enshrined in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is essential for the enjoyment of other human rights and freedoms and constitutes a fundamental pillar for building a democratic society and strengthening democracy, bearing in mind that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated‘
