Skip to main content
Eesti
×
Select site language
Български
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
English
Español
Eesti
Suomi
Français
Gaeilge
Hrvatski
Magyar
Italiano
Lietuvių
Latviešu
Malti
Nederlands
Polski
Português
Română
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Svenska
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mastodon
Instagram
Facebook
YouTube
PeerTube
Newsletter
Top Menu
Euroopa liidu põhiõiguste amet
Koostöö
Newsroom
Cookies
Contact
Custom Topbar
Search
×
Search the FRA website
menu-icon
Work on rights
Õigusküsimused, ohvrite õigused ja õigusalane koostöö
Ohvrite õigused
Süüdistatavate õigused
Tsiviilõigus
Õigusalane koostöö ja õigusriik
Turvalisus
Äritegevus ja inimõigused
Võrdõiguslikkus, mittediskrimineerimine ja rassism
Lapsed, noored ja eakad
Puudega inimesed
Vihakuriteod
Rassiline ja etniline päritolu
Usk ja veendumused
Romad
Sugu, seksuaalne sättumus ja sooidentiteet
Varjupaiga-, rände- ja piiriküsimused
Juurdepääs varjupaigale
Piirid ja infosüsteemid
Lastekaitse
Ebaseaduslik ränne, tagasisaatmine ja sisserändajate kinnipidamine
Seaduslik ränne ja integratsioon
Inimkaubandus ja tööalane ärakasutamine
Andmekaitse, eraelu puutumatus ja uued tehnoloogiad
Tehisintellekt ja suurandmed
Piirid ja infosüsteemid
Andmekaitse
Ebaseaduslik profileerimine
Inimõiguste süsteemide ja kaitsjate toetamine
ELi põhiõiguste harta
Valitsustevahelised inimõiguste süsteemid
Riiklikud inimõiguste süsteemid ja asutused
Kodanikuühiskond
Euroopa Liidu põhiõiguste harta
Mis on põhiõigused?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambul
I Jaotis: Väärikus
1 - Inimväärikus
2 - Õigus elule
3 - Õigus isikupuutumatusele
4 - Piinamise ning ebainimliku või alandava kohtlemise või karistamise keeld
5 - Orjapidamise ja sunniviisilise töö keeld
II Jaotis: Vabadused
6 - Õigus vabadusele ja turvalisusele
7 - Era
8 - Isikuandmete kaitse
9 - Õigus abielluda ja õigus luua perekond
10 - Mõtte-, südametunnistuse
11 - Sõna
12 - Kogunemis
13 - Kunsti ja teaduse vabadus
14 - Õigus haridusele
15 - Kutsevabadus ja õigus teha tööd
16 - Ettevõtlusvabadus
17 - Õigus omandile
18 - Varjupaigaõigus
19 - Kaitse tagasisaatmise, väljasaatmise või väljaandmise korral
III Jaotis: Võrdsus
20 - Võrdsus seaduse ees
21 - Diskrimineerimiskeeld
22 - Kultuuriline, usuline ja keeleline mitmekesisus
23 - Naiste ja meeste võrdõiguslikkus
24 - Lapse õigused
25 - Selgitused põhiõiguste harta kohta
26 - Puuetega inimeste integreerimine ühiskonda
IV Jaotis: Solidaarsus
27 - Töötajate õigus olla ettevõttes informeeritud ja ära kuulatud
28 - Kollektiivläbirääkimiste ja kollektiivse tegutsemise õigus
29 - Õigus kasutada tööhõiveteenuseid
30 - Kaitse põhjendamatu vallandamise korral
31 - Head ja õiglased töötingimused
32 - Keeld kasutada laste tööjõudu ja noorte töötajate kaitse
33 - Perekonna
34 - Sotsiaalkindlustus ja sotsiaalabi
35 - Tervishoid
36 - Võimalus kasutada üldist majandushuvi pakkuvaid teenuseid
37 - Keskkonnakaitse
38 - Tarbijakaitse
V Jaotis: Kodanike õigused
39 - Õigus hääletada ja kandideerida Euroopa Parlamendi valimistel
40 - Õigus hääletada ja kandideerida kohalikel valimistel
41 - Õigus heale haldusele
42 - Õigus tutvuda dokumentidega
43 - Euroopa ombudsman
44 - Õigus esitada petitsioone
45 - Liikumis
46 - Diplomaatiline ja konsulaarkaitse
VI Jaotis: Õigusemõistmine
47 - Õigus tõhusale õiguskaitsevahendile ja õiglasele kohtulikule arutamisele
48 - Süütuse presumptsioon ja kaitseõigus
49 - Kuritegude ja karistuste seaduslikkuse ja proportsionaalsuse põhimõte
50 - Mitmekordse kohtumõistmise ja karistamise keeld
VII Jaotis: Üldsätted
51 - Reguleerimisala
52 - Õiguste ja põhimõtete ulatus ja tõlgendamine
53 - Kaitse tase
54 - Õiguste kuritarvitamise keeld
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Tooted
About FRA
Who we are
Structure of FRA
Management Board
Management Board members
Management Board meeting documents
Executive Board
Scientific Committee
Scientific Committee members
Director
Management team
What we do
Research and data
Capacity-building
Advising
Convening people
FRA for children
What are my rights?
Where do my rights come from?
Areas of work
Multi-annual Framework 2007-2022
Work Programme
Archive
Annual Activity report
Archive
Projects
Working at FRA
Vacancies and selections
Previous vacancies
What we offer
Work-life balance
Application instructions
Seconded National Experts
Traineeship
Procurement
Ongoing procedures
Closed procedures
Contracts awarded
Finance and budget
Financial Rules
Financial documents
Juurdepääs dokumentidele
Access to documents
Dokumentidele juurdepääsu taotluse
Data protection within FRA
Records registry
Cooperation
ELi institutsioonid ja muud asutused
European Parliament
Council of the European Union
European Commission
EU agencies
European Committee of the Regions
European Economic and Social Committee
European Ombudsman
EU CRPD Framework
Promotion
Protection
Monitoring
Review process
Resources
ELi liikmesriigid
National Liaison Officers
National Parliaments
Euroopa Nõukogu
Kodanikuühiskond ja põhiõiguste platvorm
Activities
Civic space
Platform library
How to register
Riiklikud inimõiguste asutused, võrdõiguslikkusasutused ning ombudsmanide bürood
ÜRO, OSCE ja muud rahvusvahelised organisatsioonid
EEA and Norway Grants
Newsroom
News
Press releases
Events
Past Events
FRA products 2024
FRA products 2023
FRA products 2022
FRA products 2021
FRA Products 2020
FRA Products 2019
Multimedia
Videos
Infographics
Podcasts
Speeches
Press packs
EU LGBTIQ survey - Press pack
Fundamental Rights Survey
EU LGBTI survey II
From institutions to community living for persons with disabilities: perspectives from the ground
Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey – Main results
Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Muslims
Together in the EU: Promoting the participation of migrants and their descendants
Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Roma
Severe labour exploitation in the EU
Child-friendly justice – perspectives and experiences of professionals: Press pack
Fundamental rights at EU borders
Violence against women press pack
Jewish people’s experiences and perceptions of hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism
EU LGBT Press pack
Child-friendly justice – perspectives and experiences of children
Newsletter
Log in
Main menu
Work on rights
Work on rights
Õigusküsimused, ohvrite õigused ja õigusalane koostöö
Ohvrite õigused
Süüdistatavate õigused
Tsiviilõigus
Õigusalane koostöö ja õigusriik
Turvalisus
Äritegevus ja inimõigused
Võrdõiguslikkus, mittediskrimineerimine ja rassism
Lapsed, noored ja eakad
Puudega inimesed
Vihakuriteod
Rassiline ja etniline päritolu
Usk ja veendumused
Romad
Sugu, seksuaalne sättumus ja sooidentiteet
Varjupaiga-, rände- ja piiriküsimused
Juurdepääs varjupaigale
Piirid ja infosüsteemid
Lastekaitse
Ebaseaduslik ränne, tagasisaatmine ja sisserändajate kinnipidamine
Seaduslik ränne ja integratsioon
Inimkaubandus ja tööalane ärakasutamine
Andmekaitse, eraelu puutumatus ja uued tehnoloogiad
Tehisintellekt ja suurandmed
Piirid ja infosüsteemid
Andmekaitse
Ebaseaduslik profileerimine
Inimõiguste süsteemide ja kaitsjate toetamine
ELi põhiõiguste harta
Valitsustevahelised inimõiguste süsteemid
Riiklikud inimõiguste süsteemid ja asutused
Kodanikuühiskond
Euroopa Liidu põhiõiguste harta
Euroopa Liidu põhiõiguste harta
Mis on põhiõigused?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambul
I Jaotis: Väärikus
1 -
Inimväärikus
2 -
Õigus elule
3 -
Õigus isikupuutumatusele
4 -
Piinamise ning ebainimliku või alandava kohtlemise või karistamise keeld
5 -
Orjapidamise ja sunniviisilise töö keeld
II Jaotis: Vabadused
6 -
Õigus vabadusele ja turvalisusele
7 -
Era
8 -
Isikuandmete kaitse
9 -
Õigus abielluda ja õigus luua perekond
10 -
Mõtte-, südametunnistuse
11 -
Sõna
12 -
Kogunemis
13 -
Kunsti ja teaduse vabadus
14 -
Õigus haridusele
15 -
Kutsevabadus ja õigus teha tööd
16 -
Ettevõtlusvabadus
17 -
Õigus omandile
18 -
Varjupaigaõigus
19 -
Kaitse tagasisaatmise, väljasaatmise või väljaandmise korral
III Jaotis: Võrdsus
20 -
Võrdsus seaduse ees
21 -
Diskrimineerimiskeeld
22 -
Kultuuriline, usuline ja keeleline mitmekesisus
23 -
Naiste ja meeste võrdõiguslikkus
24 -
Lapse õigused
25 -
Selgitused põhiõiguste harta kohta
26 -
Puuetega inimeste integreerimine ühiskonda
IV Jaotis: Solidaarsus
27 -
Töötajate õigus olla ettevõttes informeeritud ja ära kuulatud
28 -
Kollektiivläbirääkimiste ja kollektiivse tegutsemise õigus
29 -
Õigus kasutada tööhõiveteenuseid
30 -
Kaitse põhjendamatu vallandamise korral
31 -
Head ja õiglased töötingimused
32 -
Keeld kasutada laste tööjõudu ja noorte töötajate kaitse
33 -
Perekonna
34 -
Sotsiaalkindlustus ja sotsiaalabi
35 -
Tervishoid
36 -
Võimalus kasutada üldist majandushuvi pakkuvaid teenuseid
37 -
Keskkonnakaitse
38 -
Tarbijakaitse
V Jaotis: Kodanike õigused
39 -
Õigus hääletada ja kandideerida Euroopa Parlamendi valimistel
40 -
Õigus hääletada ja kandideerida kohalikel valimistel
41 -
Õigus heale haldusele
42 -
Õigus tutvuda dokumentidega
43 -
Euroopa ombudsman
44 -
Õigus esitada petitsioone
45 -
Liikumis
46 -
Diplomaatiline ja konsulaarkaitse
VI Jaotis: Õigusemõistmine
47 -
Õigus tõhusale õiguskaitsevahendile ja õiglasele kohtulikule arutamisele
48 -
Süütuse presumptsioon ja kaitseõigus
49 -
Kuritegude ja karistuste seaduslikkuse ja proportsionaalsuse põhimõte
50 -
Mitmekordse kohtumõistmise ja karistamise keeld
VII Jaotis: Üldsätted
51 -
Reguleerimisala
52 -
Õiguste ja põhimõtete ulatus ja tõlgendamine
53 -
Kaitse tase
54 -
Õiguste kuritarvitamise keeld
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Tooted
Search
×
Search the FRA website
Search
You are here
Home
Work on rights
Varjupaiga-, rände- ja piiriküsimused
Ebaseaduslik ränne, tagasisaatmine ja sisserändajate kinnipidamine
Asylum
Ebaseaduslik ränne, tagasisaatmine ja sisserändajate kinnipidamine
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
I Jaotis: Väärikus
Artikkel 4 - Piinamise ning ebainimliku või alandava kohtlemise või karistamise keeld
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
II Jaotis: Vabadused
Artikkel 19 - Kaitse tagasisaatmise, väljasaatmise või väljaandmise korral
Highlights
Periodic updates / Series
22
November
2023
Forced return monitoring systems – 2023 update
FRA publishes annual updates on the forced return monitoring systems that EU Member States have set up under Article 8 (6) of the EU’s Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This latest update covers the period until the end of 2022.
Read all annual updates
Read news item
Report / Paper / Summary
4
November
2021
Legal aid for returnees deprived of liberty
This report outlines to what extent legal aid is available to those held in pre-removal detention in the 27 EU Member States, and in North Macedonia and Serbia, during procedures related to their return. These involve decisions on return, on detention pending removal, the removal itself and on bans on entry. The report also examines when people are entitled to free legal aid and how this aid is funded, as well as who provides representation and various factors that limit the scope of legal aid.
Read news item
Report / Paper / Summary
22
June
2017
European legal and policy framework on immigration detention of children
Up to one third of migrants arriving in the European Union since the summer of 2015 have been children. The current emphasis on speedier asylum processing and making returns more effective may trigger increased use of immigration detention, possibly also affecting children. The detention of children implicates various fundamental rights and will only be in line with EU law if limited to exceptional cases. This report aims to support practitioners in implementing relevant polices in line with applicable law by outlining available safeguards against unlawful and arbitrary detention and highlighting promising practices.
Report / Paper / Summary
21
November
2011
Fundamental rights of migrants in an irregular situation in the European Union
This report, based on comparative research on the fundamental rights situation of irregular migrants in Europe, advises on how fundamental rights should be incorporated in policies, laws and administrative practices affecting migrants in irregular situations.
Tooted
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
18
December
2023
Children in migration: fundamental rights at European borders
Council of Europe (CoE) and European Union (EU) Member States have an undeniable sovereign right to control the entry of non-nationals into their territory. While carrying out border control, states have a duty to protect fundamental rights of all people under their jurisdiction, regardless of their nationality, status, or age. Children as a category
of vulnerable persons with special needs require heightened protection.
Periodic updates / Series
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
22
November
2023
Forced return monitoring systems – 2023 update
FRA publishes annual updates on the forced return monitoring systems that EU Member States have set up under Article 8 (6) of the EU’s Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This latest update covers the period until the end of 2022.
Read all annual updates
Read news item
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
11
October
2023
June 2023 update - Search and rescue operations in the Mediterranean and fundamental rights
Since October 2018, FRA has been publishing regular updates on NGO ships involved in search and rescue (SAR) operations in the Mediterranean, and the status of legal proceedings against them. This latest update covers until the end of June 2023.
Read news item
Read all SAR updates
Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
24
November
2022
Practical Tool for Guardians - Temporary protection for unaccompanied children fleeing Ukraine
The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) joined forces to create this tool focusing on temporary protection for unaccompanied children fleeing Ukraine.
Periodic updates / Series
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
9
September
2022
Forced return monitoring systems - 2022 update
Since 2014, FRA has been publishing an annual update of the forced return monitoring systems EU Member States have set up under Article 8 (6) of the EU’s Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This overview describes different indicators for an effective forced return monitoring system. It includes the organisation responsible for monitoring forced return, the number of operations monitored in 2021, the phases of monitored return operations, the number of staff trained and working as monitors, and whether the monitoring body issued public reports about their monitoring.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
13
December
2021
Forced return monitoring systems - 2021 update
Since 2014, FRA has been publishing an annual update of the forced return monitoring systems EU Member States have set up under Article 8 (6) of the EU’s Return Directive. This overview describes different indicators for an effective forced return monitoring system. It includes the organisation responsible for monitoring forced return, the number of operations monitored in 2020, the phases of monitored return operations, the number of staff trained and working as monitors, and whether the monitoring body issued public reports about their monitoring.
Access all monitoring updates
Read news item
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
4
November
2021
Legal aid for returnees deprived of liberty
This report outlines to what extent legal aid is available to those held in pre-removal detention in the 27 EU Member States, and in North Macedonia and Serbia, during procedures related to their return. These involve decisions on return, on detention pending removal, the removal itself and on bans on entry. The report also examines when people are entitled to free legal aid and how this aid is funded, as well as who provides representation and various factors that limit the scope of legal aid.
Read news item
MDX Dataset
Asylum, migration and borders
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
26 September 2017
Forced return monitoring systems – State of play in EU Member States
The EU Return Directive introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the Directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
3
July
2020
Forced return monitoring systems - 2020 update
The EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) in Article 8 (6) introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
Read news item
Access all monitoring updates
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Child protection
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
4
November
2019
Migration: Key fundamental rights concerns - Quarterly bulletin 4
The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on asylum and
migration since September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation
of people arriving in Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by
migration. It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 July and 30 September 2019.
Read news item
Access all 2019 updates
Access all 2018 updates
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
27
June
2019
Forced return monitoring systems - 2019 update
The EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) in Article 8 (6) introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
Report / Paper / Summary
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
12
September
2018
How the Eurosur Regulation affects fundamental rights
In November 2017, the European Commission requested FRA’s support in evaluating the impact on fundamental rights of the European Border Surveillance System (Eurosur) Regulation. Further to this request, FRA reviewed the work of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) and analysed cooperation agreements concluded by EU Member States with third countries which are relevant for the exchange of information for the purposes of Eurosur. This report presents the main findings of such review.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
21
June
2018
Forced return monitoring systems - 2018 update
The EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC) in Article 8 (6) introduced an important fundamental rights safeguard for third-country nationals ordered to leave the EU because they do not or no longer fulfil the conditions for entry and/or stay. According to the Directive, Member States must provide for an effective forced-return monitoring system.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
Child protection
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
22
June
2017
European legal and policy framework on immigration detention of children
Up to one third of migrants arriving in the European Union since the summer of 2015 have been children. The current emphasis on speedier asylum processing and making returns more effective may trigger increased use of immigration detention, possibly also affecting children. The detention of children implicates various fundamental rights and will only be in line with EU law if limited to exceptional cases. This report aims to support practitioners in implementing relevant polices in line with applicable law by outlining available safeguards against unlawful and arbitrary detention and highlighting promising practices.
Fundamental Rights Report
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Legal migration and integration
29
May
2016
Asylum and migration into the European Union in 2015
This Focus takes a closer look at asylum and migration issues in the European Union (EU) in 2015. It looks at the effectiveness of measures taken or proposed by the EU and its Member States to manage this situation, with particular reference to their fundamental rights compliance.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Borders and information systems
22
October
2015
Fundamental rights implications of the obligation to provide fingerprints for Eurodac
Processing biometric data for immigration, asylum and border management purposes has become common. This focus paper looks at measures authorities can take to enforce the obligation of newly arrived asylum seekers and migrants in an irregular situation to provide fingerprints for inclusion in Eurodac.
Report / Paper / Summary
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
9
October
2015
Alternatives to detention for asylum seekers and people in return procedures
For asylum and return (i.e. expulsion) procedures to be implemented effectively, people need to be at the disposal of the authorities so that any measure requiring their presence can be taken without delay. To achieve this, EU Member States may decide to hold people in closed facilities. Less intrusive measures, which are usually referred to as alternatives to detention, reduce the risk that deprivation of liberty is resorted to excessively.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
3
September
2015
Cost of exclusion from healthcare – The case of migrants in an irregular situation
This report aims to estimate the economic cost of providing timely access to screening and treatment for migrants in an irregular situation, compared with providing treatment only in emergency cases. It presents an economic model to calculate such costs for two medical conditions: hypertension and prenatal care. To better illustrate its application in practice, the model is applied to three European Union (EU) Member States – Germany, Greece and Sweden.
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Varjupaiga-, rände- ja piiriküsimused
Juurdepääs varjupaigale
Piirid ja infosüsteemid
Lastekaitse
Ebaseaduslik ränne, tagasisaatmine ja sisserändajate kinnipidamine
Seaduslik ränne ja integratsioon
27
June
2014
Euroopa varjupaiga-, piiri- ja sisserändeõiguse käsiraamat
Euroopa inimõiguste konventsioon (ECHR) ja Euroopa Liidu (EL) õigus pakuvad järjest suuremat tähtsust omavat raamistikku välismaalaste õiguste kaitseks. Euroopa varjupaiga-, piiri- ja sisserändeõiguse alased ELi õigusaktid arenevad kiiresti.
Report / Paper / Summary
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Asylum, migration and borders
21
November
2011
Fundamental rights of migrants in an irregular situation in the European Union
This report, based on comparative research on the fundamental rights situation of irregular migrants in Europe, advises on how fundamental rights should be incorporated in policies, laws and administrative practices affecting migrants in irregular situations.