Handvest van de grondrechten van de Europese Unie

Artikel 14 1. Onteigening kan alleen geschieden in het algemeen belang en tegen vooraf verzekerde schadeloosstelling, een en ander naar bij of krachtens de wet te stellen voorschriften. 2. De schadeloosstelling behoeft niet vooraf verzekerd te zijn, wanneer in geval van nood onverwijld onteigening geboden is. 3. In de gevallen bij of krachtens de wet bepaald bestaat recht op schadeloosstelling of tegemoetkoming in de schade, indien in het algemeen belang eigendom door het bevoegd gezag wordt vernietigd of onbruikbaar gemaakt of de uitoefening van het eigendomsrecht wordt beperkt.

Article 11 (1) Everyone has the right to own property. Each owner’s property right shall have the same content and enjoy the same protection. Inheritance is guaranteed. (2) The law shall designate the property necessary for securing the needs of the entire society, the development of the national economy, and the public welfare, which may beowned exclusively by the state, a municipality, or by designated legal persons; the law may also provide that certain items of property may be owned exclusively by citizens or legal persons with their headquarters in the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic. (3) Ownership entails obligations. It may not be misused to the detriment of the rights of others or in conflict with legally protected public interests. It may not be exercised so as to harm human health, nature, or the environment beyond the limits laid down by law. (4) Expropriation or some other mandatory limitation upon property rights is permitted in the public interest, on the basis of law, and for compensation. (5) Taxes and fees shall be levied only on the basis of law. Article 34 (1) The rights to the fruits of one’s creative intellectual activity shall be protected by law.

 Článek 11 (1) Každý má právo vlastnit majetek. Vlastnické právo všech vlastníků má stejný zákonný obsah a ochranu. Dědění se zaručuje. (2) Zákon stanoví, který majetek nezbytný k zabezpečování potřeb celé společnosti, rozvoje národního hospodářství a veřejného zájmu smí být jen ve vlastnictví státu, obce nebo určených právnických osob; zákon může také stanovit, že určité věci mohou být pouze ve vlastnictví občanů nebo právnických osob se sídlem v České a Slovenské Federativní Republice. (3) Vlastnictví zavazuje. Nesmí být zneužito na újmu práv druhých anebo v rozporu se zákonem chráněnými obecnými zájmy. Jeho výkon nesmí poškozovat lidské zdraví, přírodu a životní prostředí nad míru stanovenou zákonem. (4) Vyvlastnění nebo nucené omezení vlastnického práva je možné ve veřejném zájmu, a to na základě zákona a za náhradu. (5) Daně a poplatky lze ukládat jen na základě zákona. Článek 34 (1) Práva k výsledkům tvůrčí duševní činnosti jsou chráněna zákonem.

See ECHR provisions of Article 1 First Protocol which have been incorporated into UK law by the Human Rights Act 1998.
Schedule 1, Part II, The First Protocol Article 1 Protection of property
Every natural or legal person is entitled to the peaceful enjoyment of his possessions. No one shall be deprived of his possessions except in the public interest and subject to the conditions provided for by law and by the general principles of international law.

The preceding provisions shall not, however, in any way impair the right of a State to enforce such laws as it deems necessary to control the use of property in accordance with the general interest or to secure the payment of taxes or other contributions or penalties.

Chapter 1 - Basic Principles of the form of government: Article 2 Public power shall be exercised with respect for the equal worth of all and the liberty and dignity of the individual. The personal, economic and cultural welfare of the individual shall be fundamental aims of public activity. In particular, the public institutions shall secure the right to employment, housing and education, and shall promote social care and social security, as well as favourable conditions for good health.(...) Chapter 2 - Fundamental rights and freedoms: Article 15 The property of every individual shall be so guaranteed that no one may be compelled by expropriation or other such disposition to surrender property to the public institutions or to a private subject, or tolerate restriction by the public institutions of the use of land or buildings, other than where necessary to satisfy pressing public interests. A person who is compelled to surrender property by expropriation or other such disposition shall be guaranteed full compensation for his or her loss. Compensation shall also be guaranteed to a person whose use of land or buildings is restricted by the public institutions in such a manner that ongoing land use in the affected part of the property is substantially impaired, or injury results which is significant in relation to the value of that part of the property. Compensation shall be determined according to principles laid down in law. In the case of limitations on the use of land or buildings on grounds of protection of human health or the environment, or on grounds of safety, however, the rules laid down in law apply in the matter of entitlement to compensation. Everyone shall have access to the natural environment in accordance with the right of public access, notwithstanding the above provisions; Article 16 Authors, artists and photographers shall own the rights to their works in accordance with rules laid down in law.

1 kapitlet - Statsskickets grunder: 2 § Den offentliga makten ska utövas med respekt för alla människors lika värde och för den enskilda människans frihet och värdighet. Den enskildes personliga, ekonomiska och kulturella välfärd ska vara grundläggande mål för den offentliga verksamheten. Särskilt ska det allmänna trygga rätten till arbete, bostad och utbildning samt verka för social omsorg och trygghet och för goda förutsättningar för hälsa (...); 2 kapitlet - Grundläggande fri - och rättigheter: 15 § Vars och ens egendom är tryggad genom att ingen kan tvingas avstå sin egendom till det allmänna eller till någon enskild genom expropriation eller något annat sådant förfogande eller tåla att det allmänna inskränker användningen av mark eller byggnad utom när det krävs för att tillgodose angelägna allmänna intressen. Den som genom expropriation eller något annat sådant förfogande tvingas avstå sin egendom ska vara tillförsäkrad full ersättning för förlusten. Ersättning ska också vara tillförsäkrad den för vilken det allmänna inskränker användningen av mark eller byggnad på sådant sätt att pågående markanvändning inom berörd del av fastigheten avsevärt försvåras eller att skada uppkommer som är betydande i förhållande till värdet på denna del av fastigheten. Ersättningen ska bestämmas enligt grunder som anges i lag. Vid inskränkningar i användningen av mark eller byggnad som sker av hälsoskydds-, miljöskydds- eller säkerhetsskäl gäller dock vad som följer av lag i fråga om rätt till ersättning. Alla ska ha tillgång till naturen enligt allemansrätten oberoende av vad som föreskrivits ovan. Lag (2010:1408); 16 § Författare, konstnärer och fotografer äger rätt till sina verk enligt bestämmelser som meddelas i lag. Lag (2010:1408).

Artículo 33 1. Se reconoce el derecho a la propiedad privada y a la herencia. 2. La función social de estos derechos delimitará su contenido, de acuerdo con las leyes. 3. Nadie podrá ser privado de sus bienes y derechos sino por causa justificada de utilidad pública o interés social, mediante la correspondiente indemnización y de conformidad con lo dispuesto por las leyes.

Section 33 (1) The right to private property and inheritance is recognized. (2) The social function of these rights shall determine the limits of their content in accordance with the law. (3) No one may be deprived of his or her property and rights, except on justified grounds of public utility or social interest and with a proper compensation in accordance with the law.

Article 33 The right to private property and inheritance shall be guaranteed.

Article 67 The manner in which property is acquired and enjoyed shall be established by law so as to ensure its economic, social and environmental function. The manner and conditions of inheritance shall be established by law.

Article 68 Aliens may acquire ownership rights to real estate under conditions provided by law. Aliens may not acquire title to land except by inheritance, under the condition of reciprocity. (amended in 1997, Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia No. 42/97) Aliens may acquire ownership rights to real estate under conditions provided by law or if so provided by a treaty ratified by the National Assembly, under the condition of reciprocity. Such law and treaty from the preceding paragraph shall be adopted by the National Assembly by a two-thirds majority vote of all deputies.(amended in 2003, Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia No. 24/03) Aliens may acquire ownership rights to real estate under conditions provided by law or a treaty ratified by the National Assembly.

Article 69 Ownership rights to real estate may be revoked or limited in the public interest with the provision of compensation in kind or monetary compensation under conditions established by law.

33. člen Zagotovljena je pravica do zasebne lastnine in dedovanja.

67. člen Zakon določa način pridobivanja in uživanja lastnine tako, da je zagotovljena njena gospodarska, socialna in ekološka funkcija. Zakon določa način in pogoje dedovanja.

68. člen (Sprememba - datum razglasitve 14. 7. 1997; UL RS, št. 42/97 z dne 17. 7. 1997. Besedilo 68. člena Ustave RS, ki je bilo spremenjeno z Ustavnim zakonom o spremembi 68. člena Ustave RS (UZS68), se je pred spremembo glasilo: "Tujci lahko pridobivajo lastninsko pravico na nepremičninah pod pogoji, ki jih določa zakon. Na zemljiščih tujci ne morejo pridobiti lastninske pravice, razen z dedovanjem ob pogoju vzajemnosti." Sprememba - datum razglasitve 7. 3. 2003; UL RS, št. 24/2003 z dne 7. 3. 2003. Besedilo 68. člena Ustave RS, ki je bilo spremenjeno z Ustavnim zakonom o spremembah I. poglavja ter 47. in 68. člena Ustave RS (UZ3a, 47, 68), se je pred spremembo glasilo: "Tujci lahko pridobijo lastninsko pravico na nepremičninah pod pogoji, ki jih določa zakon ali če tako določa mednarodna pogodba, ki jo ratificira Državni zbor, ob pogoju vzajemnosti. Zakon in mednarodno pogodbo iz prejšnjega odstavka sprejme Državni zbor z dvetretjinsko večino vseh poslancev.") Tujci lahko pridobijo lastninsko pravico na nepremičninah pod pogoji, ki jih določa zakon ali mednarodna pogodba, ki jo ratificira državni zbor.

69. člen Lastninska pravica na nepremičnini se lahko v javno korist odvzame ali omeji proti nadomestilu v naravi ali proti odškodnini pod pogoji, ki jih določa zakon.

Article 20 (1) Everyone has the right to own property. Property rights of all owners are uniformly construed and equally protected by law. The right of inheritance is guaranteed. (2) The law shall lay down which property, other than property specified in Article 4 of the Constitution, necessary to ensure the needs of the society, food security of the state, the development of the national economy and the public interest, may be owned only by the state, the municipality, specific legal or natural persons. The law may also lay down that certain property may be owned only by citizens or legal persons residing in the Slovak Republic. (3) The ownership is binding. It may not be misused to the detriment of the rights of others, or in contravention with general interests protected by law. The exercising of the ownership rights may not harm human health, nature, cultural sites and the environment beyond the margin laid down by a law. (4) Expropriation or restrictions of right in property may be imposed only to the necessary extent and in public interest, based on the law and for a valuable. (5) Other infringements of the property right may be sanctioned, only if the property is acquired illegally or from illegal incomes and such measures are necessary in a democratic society for the security of the State, to protect the public order, morals or rights and freedoms of others. Details shall be laid down by law. Article 43 (1) Freedom of scientific research and in art is guaranteed. The rights to the creative intellectual activity are protected by law. (...)

Čl. 20 (1) Každý má právo vlastniť majetok. Vlastnícke právo všetkých vlastníkov má rovnaký zákonný obsah a ochranu. Majetok nadobudnutý v rozpore s právnym poriadkom ochranu nepožíva. Dedenie sa zaručuje. (2) Zákon ustanoví, ktorý ďalší majetok okrem majetku uvedeného v čl. 4 tejto ústavy, nevyhnutný na zabezpečovanie potrieb spoločnosti, potravinovej bezpečnosti štátu, rozvoja národného hospodárstva a verejného záujmu, môže byť iba vo vlastníctve štátu, obce, určených právnických alebo určených fyzických osôb. Zákon tiež môže ustanoviť, že určité veci môžu byť iba vo vlastníctve občanov alebo právnických osôb so sídlom v Slovenskej republike. (3) Vlastníctvo zaväzuje. Nemožno ho zneužiť na ujmu práv iných alebo v rozpore so všeobecnými záujmami chránenými zákonom. Výkon vlastníckeho práva nesmie poškodzovať ľudské zdravie, prírodu, kultúrne pamiatky a životné prostredie nad mieru ustanovenú zákonom. (4) Vyvlastnenie alebo nútené obmedzenie vlastníckeho práva je možné iba v nevyhnutnej miere a vo verejnom záujme, a to na základe zákona a za primeranú náhradu.(5) Iné zásahy do vlastníckeho práva možno dovoliť iba vtedy, ak ide o majetok nadobudnutý nezákonným spôsobom alebo z nelegálnych príjmov a ide o opatrenie nevyhnutné v demokratickej spoločnosti pre bezpečnosť štátu, ochranu verejného poriadku, mravnosti alebo práv a slobôd iných. Podmienky ustanoví zákon. Čl. 43 (1) Sloboda vedeckého bádania a umenia sa zaručuje. Práva na výsledky tvorivej duševnej činnosti chráni zákon.(...)

Articolul 44 (1) Dreptul de proprietate, precum si creantele asupra statului, sunt garantate. Continutul si limitele acestor drepturi sunt stabilite de lege. (2) Proprietatea privata este garantata si ocrotita în mod egal de lege, indiferent de titular. Cetatenii straini si apatrizii pot dobândi dreptul de proprietate privata asupra terenurilor numai în conditiile rezultate din aderarea României la Uniunea Europeana si din alte tratate internationale la care România este parte, pe baza de reciprocitate, în conditiile prevazute prin lege organica, precum si prin mostenire legala. (3) Nimeni nu poate fi expropriat decât pentru o cauza de utilitate publica, stabilita potrivit legii, cu dreapta si prealabila despagubire. (4) Sunt interzise nationalizarea sau orice alte masuri de trecere silita în proprietate publica a unor bunuri pe baza apartenentei sociale, etnice, religioase, politice sau de alta natura discriminatorie a titularilor. (5) Pentru lucrari de interes general, autoritatea publica poate folosi subsolul oricarei proprietati imobiliare, cu obligatia de a despagubi proprietarul pentru daunele aduse solului, plantatiilor sau constructiilor, precum si pentru alte daune imputabile autoritatii. (6) Despagubirile prevazute în alineatele (3) si (5) se stabilesc de comun acord cu proprietarul sau, în caz de divergenta, prin justitie. (7) Dreptul de proprietate obliga la respectarea sarcinilor privind protectia mediului si asigurarea bunei vecinatati, precum si la respectarea celorlalte sarcini care, potrivit legii sau obiceiului, revin proprietarului. (8) Averea dobândita licit nu poate fi confiscata. Caracterul licit al dobândirii se prezuma. (9) Bunurile destinate, folosite sau rezultate din infractiuni ori contraventii pot fi confiscate numai în conditiile legii. Articolul 135 (...) (2) Statul trebuie sa asigure: (...) c) stimularea cercetarii stiintifice si tehnologice nationale, a artei si protectia dreptului de autor; Articolul 136 (1) Bugetul public national cuprinde bugetul de stat, bugetul asigurarilor sociale de stat si bugetele locale ale comunelor, ale oraselor si ale judetelor. (...) (5) Nici o cheltuiala bugetara nu poate fi aprobata fara stabilirea sursei de finantare.

Article 44 (1) The right of property, as well as the debts incurring on the State are guaranteed. The content and limitations of these rights shall be established by law. (2) Private property shall be equally guaranteed and protected by the law, irrespective of its owner. Foreign citizens and stateless persons shall only acquire the right to private property of land under the terms resulting from Romania's accession to the European Union and other international treaties Romania is a party to, on a mutual basis, under the terms stipulated by an organic law, as well as a result of lawful inheritance. (3) No one shall be expropriated, except on grounds of public utility, established according to the law, against just compensation paid in advance. (4) The nationalization or any other measures of forcible transfer of assets to public property based on the owners' social, ethnic, religious, political, or other discriminatory features. (5) For projects of general interest, the public authorities are entitled to use the subsoil of any real estate with the obligation to pay compensation to its owner for the damages caused to the soil, plantations or buildings, as well as for other damages imputable to these authorities. (6) Compensation provided under paragraphs (3) and (5) shall be agreed upon with the owner, or by the decision of the court when a settlement cannot be reached. (7) The right of property compels to the observance of duties relating to environmental protection and ensurance of neighbourliness, as well as of other duties incumbent upon the owner, in accordance with the law or custom. (8) Legally acquired assets shall not be confiscated. Legality of acquirement shall be presumed. (9) Any goods intended for, used or resulting from a criminal or minor offence may be confiscated only in accordance with the provisions of the law. Article 135 (...) (2) The State must secure: (...) c) stimulation of national scientific and technological research, arts, and protection of copyright; Article 136 (1) Property is public or private. (...) (5) Private property is inviolable, in accordance with the organic law.

Artigo 62.º (Direito de propriedade privada) 1. A todos é garantido o direito à propriedade privada e à sua transmissão em vida ou por morte, nos termos da Constituição. 2. A requisição e a expropriação por utilidade pública só podem ser efectuadas com base na lei e mediante o pagamento de justa indemnização.

Article 62 (Right to private property) (1) Everyone shall be guaranteed the right to private property and to the transmission thereof in life or upon death, as laid down by this Constitution. (2) Requisitions and expropriations in the public interest shall only occur on a legal basis and upon payment of just compensation.

Article 21.1. The Republic of Poland shall protect ownership and the right of succession. 2. Expropriation may be allowed solely for public purposes and for just compensation. Article 46 Property may be forfeited only in cases specified by statute, and only by virtue of a final judgment of a court. Article 64 1. Everyone shall have the right to ownership, other property rights and the right of succession. 2. Everyone, on an equal basis, shall receive legal protection regarding ownership, other property rights and the right of succession. 3. The right of ownership may only be limited by means of a statute and only to the extent that it does not violate the substance of such right.

Art. 21. 1. Rzeczpospolita Polska chroni własność i prawo dziedziczenia. 2. Wywłaszczenie jest dopuszczalne jedynie wówczas, gdy jest dokonywane na cele publiczne i za słusznym odszkodowaniem. Art. 46. Przepadek rzeczy może nastąpić tylko w przypadkach określonych w ustawie i tylko na podstawie prawomocnego orzeczenia sądu. Art. 64. 1. Każdy ma prawo do własności, innych praw majątkowych oraz prawo dziedziczenia. 2. Własność, inne prawa majątkowe oraz prawo dziedziczenia podlegają równej dla wszystkich ochronie prawnej. 3. Własność może być ograniczona tylko w drodze ustawy i tylko w zakresie, w jakim nie narusza ona istoty prawa własności.

Article 37 (1) No property of any description shall be compulsorily taken possession of, and no interest in or right over property of any description shall be compulsorily acquired, except where provision is made by a law applicable to that taking of possession or acquisition – (a) for the payment of adequate compensation; (b) securing to any person claiming such compensation avright of access to an independent and impartial court or tribunal established by law for the purpose ofvdetermining his interest in or right over the property and the amount of any compensation to which he mayvbe entitled, and for the purpose of obtaining payment of that compensation; and (c) securing to any party to proceedings in that court orvtribunal relating to such a claim a right of appeal fromvits determination to the Court of Appeal in Malta: Provided that in special cases Parliament may, if it deems it appropriate so to act in the national interest, by law establish the criteria which are to be followed, including the factors and other circumstances to be taken into account, in the determination of the compensation payable in respect of property compulsorily taken possession of or acquired; and in any such case the compensation shall be determined and shall be payable accordingly. (2) Nothing in this article shall be construed as affecting the making or operation of any law so far as it provides for the taking of possession or acquisition of property - (a) in satisfaction of any tax, rate or due; (b) by way of penalty for, or as a consequence of, breach of the law, whether under civil process or after conviction of a criminal offence; (c) upon the attempted removal of the property out of or into Malta in contravention of any law; (d) by way of the taking of a sample for the purposes of any law; (e) where the property consists of an animal upon its being found trespassing or straying; (f) as an incident of a lease, tenancy, licence, privilege or hypothec, mortgage, charge, bill of sale, pledge or other contract; (g) by way of the vesting or administration of property on behalf and for the benefit of the person entitled to the beneficial interest therein, trust property, enemy property or the property of persons adjudged bankrupt or otherwise declared bankrupt or insolvent, persons of unsound mind, deceased persons, or bodies corporate or unincorporate in the course of being wound up or liquidated; (h) in the execution of judgments or orders of courts; (i) by reason of its being in a dangerous state or injurious to the health of human beings, animals or plants; (j) in consequence of any law with respect to the limitation of actions, acquisitive prescription, derelict land, treasure trove, mortmain or the rights of succession competent to the Government of Malta; or (k) for so long only as may be necessary for the purposes of any examination, investigation, trial or inquiry or, in the case of land, the carrying out thereon - (i) of work of soil conservation or the conservation of other natural resources of any description or of war damage reconstruction; or (ii) of agricultural development or improvement which the owner or occupier of the land has been required and has without reasonable and lawful excuse refused or failed to carry out. (3) Nothing in this article shall be construed as affecting the making or operation of any law so far as it provides for vesting in the Government of Malta the ownership of any underground minerals, water or antiquities. (4) Nothing in this article shall be construed as affecting the making or operation of any law for the compulsory taking of possession in the public interest of any property, or the compulsory acquisition in the public interest of any interest in or right over property, where that property, interest or right is held by a body corporate which is established for public purposes by any law and in which no monies have been invested other than monies provided by any legislature in Malta.

Article 16. Nul ne peut être privé de sa propriété que pour cause d’utilité publique et moyennant juste indemnité, dans les cas et de la manière établis par la loi. Article 17. La peine de la confiscation des biens ne peut être établie.