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Work on rights
Giustizia, diritti delle vittime e cooperazione giudiziaria
Diritti delle vittime
Diritti degli imputati
Giustizia civile
Cooperazione giudiziaria e stato di diritto
Sicurezza
Imprese e diritti umani
Uguaglianza, non discriminazione e razzismo
Bambini, ragazzi e anziani
Persone con disabilità
Reati generati dall’odio
Origine razziale e etnica
Religione e credenze
Rom
Sesso, orientamento sessuale e genere
Asilo, migrazione e frontiere
Accesso all’asilo
Frontiere e sistemi di informazione
Protezione dei minori
Migrazione irregolare, rientro e trattenimento nel contesto dell’immigrazione
Migrazione legale e integrazione
Tratta degli esseri umani e sfruttamento della manodopera
Protezione dei dati, vita privata e nuove tecnologie
Intelligenza artificiale e megadati
Frontiere e sistemi di informazione
Protezione dei dati
Profilazione illecita
Sostegno ai sistemi e ai difensori dei diritti umani
Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione europea
Sistemi intergovernativi in materia di diritti umani
Sistemi e enti nazionali in materia di diritti umani
Società civile
La Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’UE
Che cosa sono i diritti fondamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolo
Titolo I: Dignità
1 - Dignità umana
2 - Diritto alla vita
3 - Diritto all'integrità della persona
4 - Proibizione della tortura e delle pene o trattamenti inumani o degradanti
5 - Proibizione della schiavitù e del lavoro forzato
Titolo II: Libertà
6 - Diritto alla libertà e alla sicurezza
7 - Rispetto della vita privata e della vita familiare
8 - Protezione dei dati di carattere personale
9 - Diritto di sposarsi e di costituire una famiglia
10 - Libertà di pensiero, di coscienza e di religione
11 - Libertà di espressione e d'informazione
12 - Libertà di riunione e di associazione
13 - Libertà delle arti e delle scienze
14 - Diritto all'istruzione
15 - Libertà professionale e diritto di lavorare
16 - Libertà d'impresa
17 - Diritto di proprietà
18 - Diritto di asilo
19 - Protezione in caso di allontanamento, di espulsione e di estradizione
Titolo III: Uguaglianza
20 - Uguaglianza davanti alla legge
21 - Non discriminazione
22 - Diversità culturale, religiosa e linguistica
23 - Parità tra donne e uomini
24 - Diritti del minore
25 - Diritti degli anziani
26 - Inserimento delle persone con disabilità
Titolo IV: Solidarietà
27 - Diritto dei lavoratori all'informazione e alla consultazione nell'ambito dell'impresa
28 - Diritto di negoziazione e di azioni collettive
29 - Diritto di accesso ai servizi di collocamento
30 - Tutela in caso di licenziamento ingiustificato
31 - Condizioni di lavoro giuste ed eque
32 - Divieto del lavoro minorile e protezione dei giovani sul luogo di lavoro
33 - Vita familiare e vita professionale
34 - Sicurezza sociale e assistenza sociale
35 - Protezione della salute
36 - Accesso ai servizi d'interesse economico generale
37 - Tutela dell'ambiente
38 - Protezione dei consumatori
Titolo V: Cittadinanza
39 - Diritto di voto e di eleggibilità alle elezioni del Parlamento europeo
40 - Diritto di voto e di eleggibilità alle elezioni comunali
41 - Diritto ad una buona amministrazione
42 - Diritto d'accesso ai documenti
43 - Mediatore europeo
44 - Diritto di petizione
45 - Libertà di circolazione e di soggiorno
46 - Tutela diplomatica e consolare
Titolo VI: Giustizia
47 - Diritto a un ricorso effettivo e a un giudice imparziale
48 - Presunzione di innocenza e diritti della difesa
49 - Principi della legalità e della proporzionalità dei reati e delle pene
50 - Diritto di non essere giudicato o punito due volte per lo stesso reato
Titolo VII: Disposizioni generali
51 - Ambito di applicazione
52 - Portata e interpretazione dei diritti e dei principi
53 - Livello di protezione
54 - Divieto dell'abuso di diritto
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Prodotti
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Together in the EU: Promoting the participation of migrants and their descendants
Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Roma
Severe labour exploitation in the EU
Child-friendly justice – perspectives and experiences of professionals: Press pack
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EU LGBT Press pack
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Work on rights
Work on rights
Giustizia, diritti delle vittime e cooperazione giudiziaria
Diritti delle vittime
Diritti degli imputati
Giustizia civile
Cooperazione giudiziaria e stato di diritto
Sicurezza
Imprese e diritti umani
Uguaglianza, non discriminazione e razzismo
Bambini, ragazzi e anziani
Persone con disabilità
Reati generati dall’odio
Origine razziale e etnica
Religione e credenze
Rom
Sesso, orientamento sessuale e genere
Asilo, migrazione e frontiere
Accesso all’asilo
Frontiere e sistemi di informazione
Protezione dei minori
Migrazione irregolare, rientro e trattenimento nel contesto dell’immigrazione
Migrazione legale e integrazione
Tratta degli esseri umani e sfruttamento della manodopera
Protezione dei dati, vita privata e nuove tecnologie
Intelligenza artificiale e megadati
Frontiere e sistemi di informazione
Protezione dei dati
Profilazione illecita
Sostegno ai sistemi e ai difensori dei diritti umani
Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione europea
Sistemi intergovernativi in materia di diritti umani
Sistemi e enti nazionali in materia di diritti umani
Società civile
La Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’UE
La Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’UE
Che cosa sono i diritti fondamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolo
Titolo I: Dignità
1 -
Dignità umana
2 -
Diritto alla vita
3 -
Diritto all'integrità della persona
4 -
Proibizione della tortura e delle pene o trattamenti inumani o degradanti
5 -
Proibizione della schiavitù e del lavoro forzato
Titolo II: Libertà
6 -
Diritto alla libertà e alla sicurezza
7 -
Rispetto della vita privata e della vita familiare
8 -
Protezione dei dati di carattere personale
9 -
Diritto di sposarsi e di costituire una famiglia
10 -
Libertà di pensiero, di coscienza e di religione
11 -
Libertà di espressione e d'informazione
12 -
Libertà di riunione e di associazione
13 -
Libertà delle arti e delle scienze
14 -
Diritto all'istruzione
15 -
Libertà professionale e diritto di lavorare
16 -
Libertà d'impresa
17 -
Diritto di proprietà
18 -
Diritto di asilo
19 -
Protezione in caso di allontanamento, di espulsione e di estradizione
Titolo III: Uguaglianza
20 -
Uguaglianza davanti alla legge
21 -
Non discriminazione
22 -
Diversità culturale, religiosa e linguistica
23 -
Parità tra donne e uomini
24 -
Diritti del minore
25 -
Diritti degli anziani
26 -
Inserimento delle persone con disabilità
Titolo IV: Solidarietà
27 -
Diritto dei lavoratori all'informazione e alla consultazione nell'ambito dell'impresa
28 -
Diritto di negoziazione e di azioni collettive
29 -
Diritto di accesso ai servizi di collocamento
30 -
Tutela in caso di licenziamento ingiustificato
31 -
Condizioni di lavoro giuste ed eque
32 -
Divieto del lavoro minorile e protezione dei giovani sul luogo di lavoro
33 -
Vita familiare e vita professionale
34 -
Sicurezza sociale e assistenza sociale
35 -
Protezione della salute
36 -
Accesso ai servizi d'interesse economico generale
37 -
Tutela dell'ambiente
38 -
Protezione dei consumatori
Titolo V: Cittadinanza
39 -
Diritto di voto e di eleggibilità alle elezioni del Parlamento europeo
40 -
Diritto di voto e di eleggibilità alle elezioni comunali
41 -
Diritto ad una buona amministrazione
42 -
Diritto d'accesso ai documenti
43 -
Mediatore europeo
44 -
Diritto di petizione
45 -
Libertà di circolazione e di soggiorno
46 -
Tutela diplomatica e consolare
Titolo VI: Giustizia
47 -
Diritto a un ricorso effettivo e a un giudice imparziale
48 -
Presunzione di innocenza e diritti della difesa
49 -
Principi della legalità e della proporzionalità dei reati e delle pene
50 -
Diritto di non essere giudicato o punito due volte per lo stesso reato
Titolo VII: Disposizioni generali
51 -
Ambito di applicazione
52 -
Portata e interpretazione dei diritti e dei principi
53 -
Livello di protezione
54 -
Divieto dell'abuso di diritto
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Prodotti
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Home
Work on rights
Uguaglianza, non discriminazione e razzismo
Reati generati dall’odio
Equality
Reati generati dall’odio
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Titolo VI: Giustizia
Articolo 47 - Diritto a un ricorso effettivo e a un giudice imparziale
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Titolo III: Uguaglianza
Articolo 21 - Non discriminazione
Highlights
Report / Paper / Summary
29
November
2023
Online content moderation - Current challenges in detecting hate speech
Online hate speech is a growing problem in today’s digitalised societies. Women, Black people, Jews and Roma are often targets of online hate speech. Online hate proliferates where human content moderators miss offensive content. Also, algorithms are prone to errors. They may multiply errors over time and may even end up promoting online hate. This report presents the challenges in identifying and detecting online hate. Hate of any kind should not be tolerated, regardless of whether it is online or offline. The report discusses the implications for fundamental rights to support creating a rights-compliant digital environment.
Read press release
Report / Paper / Summary
12
December
2018
Unmasking bias motives in crimes: selected cases of the European Court of Human Rights
This paper discusses the evolution of European Court of Human Rights case law relating
to hate crime, providing an update on the most recent rulings. Approaching hate crime
from a fundamental rights perspective, it shows how Member State authorities’ duty to
effectively investigate the bias motivation of crimes flows from key human rights
instruments, such as the European Convention on Human Rights.
Report / Paper / Summary
7
July
2021
Incoraggiare la denuncia dei reati d’odio: il ruolo delle forze dell’ordine e di altre autorità
La presente relazione esamina i motivi per cui le vittime non denunciano gli episodi motivati da pregiudizi e le barriere che incontrano quando denunciano gli episodi attraverso i sistemi nazionali di denuncia dei reati. Mappando le prassi esistenti che hanno un impatto sulle esperienze delle vittime quando denunciano la violenza e le molestie motivate da pregiudizi, si vuole fornire prove a sostegno degli sforzi nazionali per incoraggiare e facilitare la denuncia — e in definitiva aiutare gli Stati membri ad adempiere ai loro obblighi in materia di lotta contro i reati d’odio.
View the infographic
Browse the compendium on hate crime practices
Read press release
Report / Paper / Summary
21
June
2018
Hate crime recording and data collection practice across the EU
Across the European Union, people face hatred because of their skin colour, ethnicity, religion, gender or sexuality. In response, the EU and its Member States have introduced laws against hate crime and support services for victims. But these will only fulfil their potential if victims report hate-motivated harassment and violence to the police, and if police officers record such incidents as hate crimes. This report provides rich and detailed information on hate crime recording and data collection systems across the EU, including any systemic cooperation with civil society.
Read press release
Access compendium of practices
Prodotti
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Video
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
23 November 2016
Video message by Michael O'Flaherty on Holocaust Education
This video message was produced for a holocaust education training for public officials.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Hate crime
22
November
2016
Current migration situation in the EU: hate crime
Asylum seekers and migrants face various forms of violence and harassment across the European Union (EU). As this month’s report on the migration situation underscores, such acts are both perpetrated and condoned by state authorities, private individuals, as well as vigilante groups. They increasingly also target activists and politicians perceived as ‘pro-refugee’.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
16
November
2016
Violence, threats and pressures against journalists and other media actors in the European Union
A free and pluralist media is vital to the democratic functioning of the European
Union (EU) and its Member States. However, journalists and other media actors
in the EU face various challenges, including violence, threats and other forms of
pressure, both direct and indirect.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Hate crime
Racial and ethnic origin
Religion and belief
17
November
2016
Incitement in media content and political discourse in Member States of the European Union
Media content and political discourse in EU Member States, whether online or
offline, show incitement to discrimination, hatred or violence on different
grounds, as evidence collected by FRA reveals. The growing reliance on the internet as the main source of
information for many enables the fast spread of often unverified statements
that could also incite to hatred.
Fundamental Rights Report
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Asylum, migration and borders
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
30
May
2016
Fundamental Rights Report 2016
The European Union (EU) and its Member States introduced and pursued numerous initiatives to safeguard and strengthen
fundamental rights in 2015. Some of these efforts produced important progress; others fell short of their aims. Meanwhile,
various global developments brought new – and exacerbated existing – challenges.
Fundamental Rights Report
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
30
May
2016
Fundamental Rights Report 2016 - FRA opinions
The European Union (EU) and its Member States introduced and pursued
numerous initiatives to safeguard and strengthen fundamental rights in 2015.
FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2016 summarises and analyses major
developments in the fundamental rights field, noting both progress made
and persisting obstacles. This publication presents FRA’s opinions on the
main developments in the thematic areas covered and a synopsis of the
evidence supporting these opinions. In so doing, it provides a compact but
informative overview of the main fundamental rights challenges confronting
the EU and its Member States.
Video
Hate crime
28 April 2016
Compendium of practices for combating hate crime
The Compendium of practices is the key output of the Working party on improving reporting and recording of hate crime in the EU. It collates practices for combating hate crime from across the EU, with a step-by-step description of the practice broken down by country and category. The aim of the compendium is to help policymakers and practitioners such as law enforcement officers understand what is being done elsewhere in the EU to combat hate crime, and which elements could be adapted for use in their own national contexts.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Victims’ rights
28
April
2016
Ensuring justice for hate crime victims: professional perspectives
Hate crime is the most severe expression of discrimination, and a core fundamental rights abuse. Various initiatives target such crime, but most hate crime across the EU remains unreported and unprosecuted, leaving victims without redress. To counter this trend, it is essential for Member States to improve access to justice for victims. Drawing on interviews with representatives from criminal courts, public prosecutors’ offices, the police, and NGOs involved in supporting hate crime victims, this report sheds light on the diverse hurdles that impede victims’ access to justice and the proper recording of hate crime.
Page
Hate crime
27 April 2016
Compendium of practices for combating hate crime
This Compendium of practices for combating hate crime was developed as part of the mandate of the Working Group on hate crime recording, data collection and encouraging reporting.
Explore the practices
Report / Paper / Summary
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Hate crime
2
December
2015
Violence against children with disabilities: legislation, policies and programmes in the EU
Children with disabilities face significant barriers to enjoying their fundamental rights. They are often excluded from society, sometimes living in facilities far from their families. They are also denied access to basic services, such as health care and education, and endure stigma and discrimination, as well as sexual, physical and psychological violence. FRA scrutinised the important but underreported issue of violence against children with disabilities, carrying out desk research and conducting interviews with knowledgeable stakeholders. This report presents the results of that research.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
30
September
2015
Antisemitism - Overview of data available in the European Union 2004-2014
Antisemitism can be expressed in the form of verbal and physical attacks, threats, harassment, property damage, graffiti or other forms of text, including on the internet. This report relates to manifestations of antisemitism as they are recorded by official and unofficial sources in the 28 European Union (EU) Member States.
Report / Paper / Summary
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Hate crime
Racial and ethnic origin
30
September
2015
Promoting respect and diversity - Combating intolerance and hate
Regardless of ethnic origin, religion or belief, everyone living in the Union has a fundamental right to be treated equally, to be respected and to be protected from violence. This contribution paper to the Annual Colloquium
on Fundamental Rights provides evidence of the fact that such respect is lacking, and suggests ways in which governments can ensure they fulfil their duty to safeguard this right for everyone living in the EU.
Fundamental Rights Report
Asylum, migration and borders
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Roma
25
June
2015
Fundamental rights: challenges and achievements in 2014 - Annual report
European Union (EU) Member States and institutions introduced a number of legal and policy measures in 2014 to safeguard fundamental rights in the EU. Notwithstanding these efforts, a great deal remains to be done, and it can be seen that the situation in some areas is alarming: the number of migrants rescued or apprehended at sea as they were trying to reach Europe’s borders quadrupled over 2013; more than a quarter of children in the EU are at risk of poverty or social exclusion; and an increasing number of political parties use xenophobic and anti-immigrant rhetoric in their campaigns, potentially increasing some people’s vulnerability to becoming victims of crime or hate crime.
Page
Roma
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
10 June 2015
Roma integration
EU Member States continued their efforts to improve Roma integration by implementing their national Roma integration strategies following the Council Recommendation of December 2013 on effective Roma integration measures. FRA supports these efforts by regularly collecting data and working with the Member States to develop monitoring methods that allow for efficient reporting on the situation of Roma in the Member States over time.
Page
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Roma
08 June 2015
Racism, xenophobia and related intolerance
Barriers persist in implementing effectively European Union (EU) legislation that prohibits and penalises manifestations of racism, xenophobia and ethnic discrimination. The sixth year of the economic crisis and turbulent developments in the Middle East and North Africa are raising concerns and considerations for migration and integration policies in the EU.
Report / Paper / Summary
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
12
May
2015
Being Trans in the EU – Comparative analysis of the EU LGBT survey data – Summary
Trans persons, or those whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex assigned them at birth, face frequent discrimination, harassment and violence across the European Union (EU) today. This reality triggers fears that persuade many to hide or disguise their true selves. This report examines issues of equal treatment and discrimination on two grounds, namely sexual orientation and gender identity.
Page
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Hate crime
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
People with disabilities
29 April 2015
Equality and non-discrimination
Developments in equality and non-discrimination in 2014 were marked by the EU’s efforts to become more inclusive. Working actively to counter discrimination in all its forms and to foster equal treatment requires sustained efforts by all interested parties, so EU institutions worked closely with Member States and FRA to raise awareness on issues of discrimination, including on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, or to encourage recourse to redress mechanisms.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
People with disabilities
30
March
2015
Equal protection for all victims of hate crime - The case of people with disabilities
This paper discusses the difficulties faced by people with disabilities who become victims of hate crime, and the different legal frameworks in place to protect such victims in the EU’s Member States. It ends by listing a number of suggestions for improving the situation at both the legislative and policy levels.
Report / Paper / Summary
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Hate crime
9
December
2014
Being Trans in the EU - Comparative analysis of the EU LGBT survey data
Trans persons, or those whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex assigned them at birth, face frequent discrimination, harassment and violence across the European Union (EU) today. This reality triggers fears that persuade many to hide or disguise their true selves. This report examines issues of equal treatment and discrimination on two grounds, namely sexual orientation and gender identity. It analyses data on the experiences of 6,579 trans respondents from the EU Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) survey, the largest body of empirical evidence of its kind to date.
Report / Paper / Summary
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Hate crime
Victims’ rights
28
October
2014
EU LGBT survey - European Union lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender survey - Main results
In light of a lack of comparable data on the respect, protection and fulfilment of the fundamental rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons, FRA launched in 2012 its European Union (EU) online survey of LGBT persons’ experiences of discrimination, violence and harassment.
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