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Work on rights
Wymiar sprawiedliwości, prawa ofiar i współpraca sądowa
Prawa ofiar
Prawa oskarżonych
Wymiar sprawiedliwości w sprawach cywilnych
Współpraca sądowa i praworządność
Bezpieczeństwo
Biznes i prawa człowieka
Równość, niedyskryminacja i rasizm
Dzieci, młodzież i osoby starsze
Osoby z niepełnosprawnościami
Przestępstwa z nienawiści
Pochodzenie rasowe i etniczne
Religia i przekonania
Romowie
Płeć, orientacja seksualna i płeć społeczno-kulturowa
Azyl, migracja i granice
Dostęp do azylu
Grenzen en informatiesystemen
Ochrona dziecka
Migracja nieuregulowana, powrót i zatrzymanie imigrantów
Legalna migracja i integracja
Handel ludźmi i wyzysk pracowników
Ochrona danych, prywatność i nowe technologie
Sztuczna inteligencja i duże zbiory danych
Granice i systemy informacyjne
Ochrona danych
Profilowanie niezgodne z prawem
Wsparcie dla systemów praw człowieka i obrońców praw człowieka
Karta praw podstawowych UE
Międzyrządowe systemy praw człowieka
Krajowe systemy i organy w dziedzinie praw człowieka
Społeczeństwo obywatelskie
Karta praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej
Czym są prawa podstawowe?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambuła
Tytuł I: Godność
1 - Godność człowieka
2 - Prawo do życia
3 - Prawo człowieka do integralności
4 - Zakaz tortur i nieludzkiego lub poniżającego traktowania albo karania
5 - Zakaz niewolnictwa i pracy przymusowej
Tytuł II: Wolności
6 - Prawo do wolności i bezpieczeństwa osobistego
7 - Poszanowanie życia prywatnego i rodzinnego
8 - Ochrona danych osobowych
9 - Prawo do zawarcia małżeństwa i prawo do założenia rodziny
10 - Wolność myśli, sumienia i religii
11 - Wolność wypowiedzi i informacji
12 - Wolność zgromadzania się i stowarzyszania się
13 - Wolność sztuki i nauki
14 - Prawo do nauki
15 - Wolność wyboru zawodu i prawo do podejmowania pracy
16 - Wolność prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej
17 - Prawo własności
18 - Prawo do azylu
19 - Ochrona w przypadku usunięcia z terytorium państwa, wydalenia lub ekstradycji
Tytuł III: Równość
20 - Równość wobec prawa
21 - Niedyskryminacja
22 - Różnorodność kulturowa, religijna i językowa
23 - Równość kobiet i mężczyzn
24 - Prawa dziecka
25 - Prawa osób w podeszłym wieku
26 - Integracja osób niepełnosprawnych
Tytuł IV: Solidarność
27 - Prawo pracowników do informacji i konsultacji w ramach przedsiębiorstwa
28 - Prawo do rokowań i działań zbiorowych
29 - Prawo dostępu do pośrednictwa pracy
30 - Ochrona w przypadku nieuzasadnionego zwolnienia z pracy
31 - Należyte i sprawiedliwe warunki pracy
32 - Zakaz pracy dzieci i ochrona młodocianych w pracy
33 - Życie rodzinne i zawodowe
34 - Zabezpieczenie społeczne i pomoc społeczna
35 - Ochrona zdrowia
36 - Dostęp do usług świadczonych w ogólnym interesie gospodarczym
37 - Ochrona środowiska
38 - Ochrona konsumentów
Tytuł V: Prawa obywatelskie
39 - Prawo głosowania i kandydowania w wyborach do Parlamentu Europejskiego
40 - Prawo głosowania i kandydowania w wyborach lokalnych
41 - Prawo do dobrej administracji
42 - Prawo dostępu do dokumentów
43 - Europejski Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich
44 - Prawo petycji
45 - Swoboda przemieszczania się i pobytu
46 - Opieka dyplomatyczna i konsularna
Tytuł VI: Wymiar sprawiedliwości
47 - Prawo do skutecznego środka prawnego i dostępu do bezstronnego sądu
48 - Domniemanie niewinności i prawo do obrony
49 - Zasady legalności oraz proporcjonalności kar do czynów zabronionych pod groźbą kary
50 - Zakaz ponownego sądzenia lub karania w postępowaniu karnym za ten sam czyn zabroniony pod groźbą kary
Tytuł VII: Postanowienia ogólne
51 - Zakres zastosowania
52 - Zakres i wykładnia praw i zasad
53 - Poziom ochrony
54 - Zakaz nadużycia praw
Tools
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Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
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Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Muslims
Together in the EU: Promoting the participation of migrants and their descendants
Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II) Roma
Severe labour exploitation in the EU
Child-friendly justice – perspectives and experiences of professionals: Press pack
Fundamental rights at EU borders
Violence against women press pack
Jewish people’s experiences and perceptions of hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism
EU LGBT Press pack
Child-friendly justice – perspectives and experiences of children
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Work on rights
Work on rights
Wymiar sprawiedliwości, prawa ofiar i współpraca sądowa
Prawa ofiar
Prawa oskarżonych
Wymiar sprawiedliwości w sprawach cywilnych
Współpraca sądowa i praworządność
Bezpieczeństwo
Biznes i prawa człowieka
Równość, niedyskryminacja i rasizm
Dzieci, młodzież i osoby starsze
Osoby z niepełnosprawnościami
Przestępstwa z nienawiści
Pochodzenie rasowe i etniczne
Religia i przekonania
Romowie
Płeć, orientacja seksualna i płeć społeczno-kulturowa
Azyl, migracja i granice
Dostęp do azylu
Grenzen en informatiesystemen
Ochrona dziecka
Migracja nieuregulowana, powrót i zatrzymanie imigrantów
Legalna migracja i integracja
Handel ludźmi i wyzysk pracowników
Ochrona danych, prywatność i nowe technologie
Sztuczna inteligencja i duże zbiory danych
Granice i systemy informacyjne
Ochrona danych
Profilowanie niezgodne z prawem
Wsparcie dla systemów praw człowieka i obrońców praw człowieka
Karta praw podstawowych UE
Międzyrządowe systemy praw człowieka
Krajowe systemy i organy w dziedzinie praw człowieka
Społeczeństwo obywatelskie
Karta praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej
Karta praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej
Czym są prawa podstawowe?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambuła
Tytuł I: Godność
1 -
Godność człowieka
2 -
Prawo do życia
3 -
Prawo człowieka do integralności
4 -
Zakaz tortur i nieludzkiego lub poniżającego traktowania albo karania
5 -
Zakaz niewolnictwa i pracy przymusowej
Tytuł II: Wolności
6 -
Prawo do wolności i bezpieczeństwa osobistego
7 -
Poszanowanie życia prywatnego i rodzinnego
8 -
Ochrona danych osobowych
9 -
Prawo do zawarcia małżeństwa i prawo do założenia rodziny
10 -
Wolność myśli, sumienia i religii
11 -
Wolność wypowiedzi i informacji
12 -
Wolność zgromadzania się i stowarzyszania się
13 -
Wolność sztuki i nauki
14 -
Prawo do nauki
15 -
Wolność wyboru zawodu i prawo do podejmowania pracy
16 -
Wolność prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej
17 -
Prawo własności
18 -
Prawo do azylu
19 -
Ochrona w przypadku usunięcia z terytorium państwa, wydalenia lub ekstradycji
Tytuł III: Równość
20 -
Równość wobec prawa
21 -
Niedyskryminacja
22 -
Różnorodność kulturowa, religijna i językowa
23 -
Równość kobiet i mężczyzn
24 -
Prawa dziecka
25 -
Prawa osób w podeszłym wieku
26 -
Integracja osób niepełnosprawnych
Tytuł IV: Solidarność
27 -
Prawo pracowników do informacji i konsultacji w ramach przedsiębiorstwa
28 -
Prawo do rokowań i działań zbiorowych
29 -
Prawo dostępu do pośrednictwa pracy
30 -
Ochrona w przypadku nieuzasadnionego zwolnienia z pracy
31 -
Należyte i sprawiedliwe warunki pracy
32 -
Zakaz pracy dzieci i ochrona młodocianych w pracy
33 -
Życie rodzinne i zawodowe
34 -
Zabezpieczenie społeczne i pomoc społeczna
35 -
Ochrona zdrowia
36 -
Dostęp do usług świadczonych w ogólnym interesie gospodarczym
37 -
Ochrona środowiska
38 -
Ochrona konsumentów
Tytuł V: Prawa obywatelskie
39 -
Prawo głosowania i kandydowania w wyborach do Parlamentu Europejskiego
40 -
Prawo głosowania i kandydowania w wyborach lokalnych
41 -
Prawo do dobrej administracji
42 -
Prawo dostępu do dokumentów
43 -
Europejski Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich
44 -
Prawo petycji
45 -
Swoboda przemieszczania się i pobytu
46 -
Opieka dyplomatyczna i konsularna
Tytuł VI: Wymiar sprawiedliwości
47 -
Prawo do skutecznego środka prawnego i dostępu do bezstronnego sądu
48 -
Domniemanie niewinności i prawo do obrony
49 -
Zasady legalności oraz proporcjonalności kar do czynów zabronionych pod groźbą kary
50 -
Zakaz ponownego sądzenia lub karania w postępowaniu karnym za ten sam czyn zabroniony pod groźbą kary
Tytuł VII: Postanowienia ogólne
51 -
Zakres zastosowania
52 -
Zakres i wykładnia praw i zasad
53 -
Poziom ochrony
54 -
Zakaz nadużycia praw
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Produkty
Search
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Search the FRA website
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Work on rights
Azyl, migracja i granice
Ochrona dziecka
Asylum
Ochrona dziecka
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Tytuł II: Wolności
Artykuł 7 - Poszanowanie życia prywatnego i rodzinnego
Highlights
Report / Paper / Summary
31
January
2024
Mapping Child Protection Systems in the EU – Update 2023
Children’s rights exist to ensure the safety and wellbeing of every child. Improved child protection systems ensure that these rights are met. In recent years, the EU has taken significant steps to improve child protection systems. This mapping of child protection systems gives an overview of the state of such systems at national level and developments since 2015. It promotes the improvement of integrated child protection systems. It is an update of FRA’s mapping of child protection systems in 2015, based on data collected in 2023 in the 27 EU Member States. By publishing this, FRA aims to support securing the sustainable well-being, safety and rights of all children living in the EU.
Access the data explorer
Report / Paper / Summary
18
December
2023
Children in migration: fundamental rights at European borders
Council of Europe (CoE) and European Union (EU) Member States have an undeniable sovereign right to control the entry of non-nationals into their territory. While carrying out border control, states have a duty to protect fundamental rights of all people under their jurisdiction, regardless of their nationality, status, or age. Children as a category
of vulnerable persons with special needs require heightened protection.
Periodic updates / Series
29
September
2023
The Russian aggression against Ukraine – Displaced children finding protection in the EU - Bulletin 3
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine posed new challenges for the EU. Millions were forced to flee the war. As a result of the scale of people’s displacement, the EU activated for the first time the Temporary Protection Directive (TPD). More than 1.3 million children sought international protection in the EU. This bulletin explores the respect, protection and fulfilment of the fundamental rights of displaced children and ways to safeguard their rights. The third in a series, this bulletin builds on the evidence in FRA’s Bulletin #1 and #2 on the experiences of displaced people seeking safety in the EU.
Read press release
Read all Ukraine bulletins
Handbook / Guide / Manual
1
March
2023
Guardianship for unaccompanied children - A manual for trainers of guardians
This manual is designed to help institutions, organisations and individuals to train guardians of unaccompanied children or to deliver ‘train-the-trainers’ courses. It can be used in a range of training contexts, such as professional and academic training, on-the-job training and continuing training. The manual is based on human and fundamental rights principles and ethical standards and recognises that the child and the guardian have their own personal stories, resources and capacities. It enhances guardians’ confidence to promote the child’s rights and best interests. It also enhances their confidence to act independently and impartially in relation to different state
officials, service providers and other community members.
Access the online course
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Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
17
April
2024
Practical Tool for Guardians - Transnational procedures in the framework of international protection
This booklet is intended to support guardians assigned to children in the asylum procedure. It covers the technical aspects of the legal procedures related to the cross-border movement of such children. This booklet covers only procedures related to international protection. It is part of a series of four practical tools for guardians of unaccompanied children with international protection needs. The objective is to support guardians in their daily tasks and responsibilities during the asylum procedure, including the procedure under the Dublin III regulation and temporary protection. The tools have been developed by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) and FRA.
Read news item
MDX Dataset
Children, youth and older people
Child protection
31 January 2024
Mapping child protection systems in the EU
The data cover the key components of national child protection systems. This includes information on national law and policies, as well as the structures, actors, resources, functions and monitoring of national child protection systems.
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
31
January
2024
Mapping Child Protection Systems in the EU – Update 2023
Children’s rights exist to ensure the safety and wellbeing of every child. Improved child protection systems ensure that these rights are met. In recent years, the EU has taken significant steps to improve child protection systems. This mapping of child protection systems gives an overview of the state of such systems at national level and developments since 2015. It promotes the improvement of integrated child protection systems. It is an update of FRA’s mapping of child protection systems in 2015, based on data collected in 2023 in the 27 EU Member States. By publishing this, FRA aims to support securing the sustainable well-being, safety and rights of all children living in the EU.
Access the data explorer
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
18
December
2023
Children in migration: fundamental rights at European borders
Council of Europe (CoE) and European Union (EU) Member States have an undeniable sovereign right to control the entry of non-nationals into their territory. While carrying out border control, states have a duty to protect fundamental rights of all people under their jurisdiction, regardless of their nationality, status, or age. Children as a category
of vulnerable persons with special needs require heightened protection.
Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
12
October
2023
Practical Tool for Guardians — Introduction to international protection
This tool introduces newly appointed guardians to the concept of international protection, possible forms of protection recognised through the asylum procedure, the relevant legal framework and the related rights of the child. It is part of a series of four practical tools for guardians of unaccompanied children with international protection needs. The objective is to support guardians in their daily tasks and responsibilities during the asylum procedure, including the procedure under the Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 (Dublin III regulation) and temporary protection. The tools have been developed by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) and the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA).
Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
12
October
2023
Practical Tool for Guardians — The asylum procedure
This booklet aims to support guardians assigned to children in the asylum procedure. It includes an overview of the asylum procedure with a specific focus on children, the guarantees in the asylum procedure and your role as a guardian in the different phases of the asylum process. There is also a section on what to do if something unexpected may happen, or if the age of the applicant is disputed. It is part of a series of four practical tools for guardians of unaccompanied children with international protection needs. The objective is to support guardians in their daily tasks and responsibilities during the asylum procedure, including the procedure under the Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 (Dublin III regulation) and temporary protection. The tools have been developed by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) and the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA).
Access all practical tools
Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Trafficking and labour exploitation
29
September
2023
The Russian aggression against Ukraine – Displaced children finding protection in the EU - Bulletin 3
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine posed new challenges for the EU. Millions were forced to flee the war. As a result of the scale of people’s displacement, the EU activated for the first time the Temporary Protection Directive (TPD). More than 1.3 million children sought international protection in the EU. This bulletin explores the respect, protection and fulfilment of the fundamental rights of displaced children and ways to safeguard their rights. The third in a series, this bulletin builds on the evidence in FRA’s Bulletin #1 and #2 on the experiences of displaced people seeking safety in the EU.
Read press release
Read all Ukraine bulletins
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Children, youth and older people
1
March
2023
Guardianship for unaccompanied children - A manual for trainers of guardians
This manual is designed to help institutions, organisations and individuals to train guardians of unaccompanied children or to deliver ‘train-the-trainers’ courses. It can be used in a range of training contexts, such as professional and academic training, on-the-job training and continuing training. The manual is based on human and fundamental rights principles and ethical standards and recognises that the child and the guardian have their own personal stories, resources and capacities. It enhances guardians’ confidence to promote the child’s rights and best interests. It also enhances their confidence to act independently and impartially in relation to different state
officials, service providers and other community members.
Access the online course
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Child protection
Legal migration and integration
Trafficking and labour exploitation
28
February
2023
Fleeing Ukraine: Displaced people’s experiences in the EU
Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine triggered scenes not seen in Europe for decades. It has since caused death, immense destruction, and unspeakable suffering. It also set in motion a mass movement of people not seen since World War II. To protect them, the EU activated the Temporary Protection Directive for the first time. In doing so, all EU Member States must offer protection to those displaced from Ukraine.
Download report on employment barriers
Download bulletins on the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Read press release
Periodic updates / Series
Ochrona dziecka
Azyl, migracja i granice
Migracja nieuregulowana, powrót i zatrzymanie imigrantów
24
November
2022
Przewodnik praktyczny dla opiekunów - Tymczasowa ochrona małoletnich bez opieki uciekających z Ukrainy
Agencja Unii Europejskiej ds. Azylu (EUAA) i Agencja Praw Podstawowych Unii Europejskiej (FRA) wspólnie opracowały szereg przewodników praktycznych dla opiekunów małoletnich bez opieki, którzy wymagają ochrony międzynarodowej. Celem jest zapewnienie wsparcia opiekunom w ich codziennych zadaniach i obowiązkach podczas procedury azylowej, w tym dotyczących systemu dublińskiego i tymczasowej ochrony.
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Child protection
Trafficking and labour exploitation
21
October
2022
The Russian war of aggression against Ukraine ― The broad fundamental rights impact in the EU - Bulletin 2
The Russian invasion of Ukraine triggered solidarity from EU governments, local authorities and society as they welcomed more than 7 million people fleeing the aggression. The European Union’s rapid response, activating the EU Temporary Protection Directive, offered welcome relief and much-needed support to those in need. It allowed displaced persons the opportunity to quickly settle and to work, travel and access services across the EU. But other pressing human rights issues have come to the fore and remain high on the EU’s agenda, such as human trafficking, sexual and gender-based violence, hate crime and hate-fuelled disinformation.
Download bulletin 1
Download findings of survey on displaced people from Ukraine
Read news item
Video
Asylum, migration and borders
Child protection
19 May 2022
Children fleeing Ukraine – fundamental rights challenges
While many volunteers, organisations and EU countries provide help to the many children fleeing Ukraine, challenges and concerns need to be addressed: such as registration and interpretation, guardianship for unaccompanied children, access to education and childcare.
Periodic updates / Series
Asylum, migration and borders
Access to asylum
Borders and information systems
Child protection
Legal migration and integration
19
May
2022
The war in Ukraine - Fundamental rights implications within the EU - Bulletin 1
This bulletin looks at the fundamental rights situation of all persons fleeing the Russian war in Ukraine to the four EU Member States neighbouring Ukraine. This is primarily in terms of the application of the EU Temporary Protection Directive. It is based on findings of FRA’s field mission to Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia at the beginning of March 2022. It is also based on weekly country reports prepared by Franet, the contracted research network of FRA between 1 March and 27 April 2022.
Download findings of survey on displaced people from Ukraine
Download bulletin 2
Read news item
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Children, youth and older people
Asylum, migration and borders
Child protection
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
7
April
2022
German version now available
19 January 2024
Handbook on European law relating to the rights of the child - 2022 edition
Children are full-fledged holders of rights. They are beneficiaries of all human and fundamental rights and subjects of special regulations, given their specific characteristics. This handbook aims to illustrate how European law and case law accommodate the specific interests and needs of children. It also considers the importance of parents and guardians or other legal representatives and makes reference, where appropriate, to situations in which rights and responsibilities are most prominently vested in children’s carers. It is a point of reference on both European Union (EU) and Council of Europe (CoE) law related to these subjects, explaining how each issue is regulated under EU law, including the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, as well as under the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Social Charter and other CoE instruments.
Read news item
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Children, youth and older people
15
February
2022
Guardianship systems for unaccompanied children in the European Union: developments since 2014
In 2015 and 2016, the numbers of unaccompanied children arriving in Europe increased dramatically, straining national guardianship systems. This report looks at how EU Member States, as well as North Macedonia and Serbia, have adapted their guardianship systems for unaccompanied children since that time.
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Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
9
December
2021
Unaccompanied children outside the child protection system – Case study: Pakistani children in Greece
This report sheds light on the realities faced by unaccompanied migrant children who are not in the care of child protection systems in the EU. Presented as a case study, it tells the story of children and young adults from Pakistan who travelled alone to the EU without their parents or other adults.
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Country sheets
Access to asylum
Asylum, migration and borders
Child protection
Legal migration and integration
20
October
2020
Integrating young refugees in the EU - Country information
The EU Fundamental Rights Agency published in 2019 its report on the ‘Integration of young refugees in the EU’. The report explored the challenges of young people who fled armed conflict or persecution and arrived in the EU in 2015 and 2016. The report is based on 426 interviews with experts working in the area of asylum and integration, as well as 163 interviews with young people, aged 16 to 24, conducted between October 2017 and June 2018 in 15 regions and cities located in six Member States: Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy and Sweden. The links on this page provide a summary of the information collected during this period for each country about unaccompanied children turning 18 and the change in people’s legal status once international protection is granted. These two issues had at the time been identified as moments requiring sufficient, consistent and systematic support, particularly from lawyers, social workers and guardians, to ensure successful integration.
Report / Paper / Summary
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
11
May
2020
Relocating unaccompanied children: applying good practices to future schemes
In recent years, thousands of girls and boys have reached Europe without their parents, and sought international protection. Many of them experienced violence, abuse and neglect in their home countries, and while in transit. They have the right to be protected in line with the provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the European Convention on Human Rights, and European Union law. This report explores the challenges and good practices gathered in the implementation of such relocation programmes. Based on information FRA collected in 10 EU Member States, it aims to help national authorities to support the relocation of unaccompanied children by taking measures that are fully rights compliant and practically feasible.
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Infographic
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
11 May 2020
Practical guidance for protecting unaccompanied children in the relocation process
Based on the lessons learned from relocation
experiences and on existing international and EU legal
standards, FRA has developed a number of practical
suggestions for the adjustment of relocation efforts to
the protection needs of unaccompanied children. This
guidance aims to be a practical tool for Member States
that wish to engage in the relocation of unaccompanied
children and in any future responsibility-sharing
mechanisms, and to gain knowledge on how this can
be done while respecting the child’s best interests.
Periodic updates / Series
Child protection
Asylum, migration and borders
30
March
2020
Children in migration in 2019
Children in migration are more vulnerable than adults, particularly when they are unaccompanied. Their vulnerability makes them more exposed to violence, exploitation and trafficking in human beings, as well as physical, psychological and sexual abuse. This report looks into challenges to the fundamental rights of children in migration throughout 2019. It pulls together the main issues identified in FRA’s Quarterly Bulletins on migration in selected EU Member States.
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