Az emberi jogi rendszerek és jogvédők támogatása

FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2024 analyses the year’s developments in fundamental rights. It focuses on the most pressing fundamental rights concerns facing Europe in 2023: the cost-of-living crisis, rights concerns at the EU’s external borders and migration, and threats to democracy. Re-structured, this year’s new approach is a shorter and sharper analysis. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a summary of the evidence supporting these opinions.

A 2023-as év egyaránt hozott előrelépést és visszaesést az alapvető jogok védelme terén. Az FRA 2024. évi alapjogi jelentése áttekinti a területen bekövetkezett legfontosabb fejleményeket, valamint meghatározza az elért eredményeket és a fennmaradó, aggodalomra okot adó területeket. Ez a kiadvány ismerteti az FRA-nak az érintett tematikus területeken bekövetkezett legfontosabb fejleményekkel kapcsolatos véleményét, és összefoglalja a véleményt megalapozó bizonyítékokat. Ennek során tömör, ugyanakkor informatív áttekintést nyújt az EU és tagállamai előtt álló fő alapjogi kihívásokról.

The 2024 update on NHRIs accreditation status and mandates also covers their engagement in the monitoring of fundamental rights compliance in the use of EU funds at national level. Moreover, the update also shows how NHRIs make use of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights in their work when advising government or in education, training and awareness raising activities. Since its 2020 report 'Strong and effective national human rights institutions – challenges, promising practices and opportunities', the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) has been regularly tracking the accreditation status and mandates of NHRIs.

All EU funds must be spent in a way that respect fundamental rights. The EU spends billions of euros on creating jobs, economic growth, sustainable development and improving people’s lives. To prevent funds from being spent in ways that directly violate people’s fundamental rights, the EU strengthened the conditions how funds can be spent in 2021. This report looks at how the newly introduced conditions related to the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities can be upheld in practice. It analyses the potential role of national human rights institutions, ombudsperson institutions and equality bodies. These safeguards can advance compliance with fundamental rights.

FRA’s strategic priorities and objectives are based on the agency’s role and mission as defined in its amended founding regulation. They build on FRA’s 2018–2022 strategy as well as how it performed, its experience and its vision. Their design takes into account future fundamental rights challenges facing Europe, the agency’s mandate, the broader operational context and the resources available.

Civil society organisations struggle to maintain an environment safe from threats and attacks. FRA’s sixth annual update on civic space explores the challenges for organisations across the EU. While there has been significant development since FRA began monitoring the situation in 2018, civil society organisations remain under immense pressure. Abusive lawsuits and attacks against those involved in migrant search and rescue at sea are just some of the challenges identified. This report presents ways forward to protect civil society and human rights.

Across the world, human rights defenders protect and uphold human rights in some of the most challenging situations. In some countries they face worrying levels of threats and attacks, intimidation and harassment. This report outlines how human rights defenders can enter and stay in the EU when they need protection. It suggests how EU institutions and Member States could use the flexibility in existing legal provisions and provide shelter for defenders who seek protection.

FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2023 reviews major developments in the field in 2022, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.

National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) continue to play a key role in upholding fundamental rights. FRA keeps track of the accreditation status and the mandates of the NHRIs. In 2022, the NHRI in Cyprus was upgraded to an ‘A-status’ institution. In addition, the mandates of six NHRIs changed to include child protection or the protection of LGBTI people.

Europe stands at a delicate moment in its history. It is a moment of existential significance for the wellbeing and sustainability of our societies. It is emerging from the pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease, only to face a set of major overlapping challenges. These pose profound questions about the political, economic and societal future of the continent. To discuss elements of a human rights vision for the future and to identify opportunities for action, FRA brought together a group of sixty human rights leaders and experts with diverse backgrounds
from across the continent. This report distils the meeting discussions, including analysis and ideas, and concludes with proposals for action. It does not represent the views either of individual participants or of FRA.

Europe stands at a delicate moment in its history, facing a convergence of major tests. Each of them taken on their own is significant. Together, they pose profound questions about the political, economic, and societal future of the continent. This is a moment for strong commitment to put human rights at the heart of our vision for Europe’s future. It is also time to demonstrate our determination to work together to this end. Against this backdrop, the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) brought together around sixty human rights leaders and experts from across the continent to discuss elements of a human rights vision for the future and to identify opportunities for action. A full conference report will be available soon, including the specific ideas and proposals which arose from the meeting. Meanwhile, this is a summary of the conclusions.

Az Európai Unió Alapjogi Chartája (CFREU) az Európai Unió emberi jogi nyilatkozata. Minden esetben alkalmazandó az uniós intézményekre, az Unióra és az egyes tagállamokra, amikor azok az uniós jogszabályok keretében járnak el. Azt azonban egyáltalán nem könnyű megállapítani, hogy egy konkrét ügy az uniós jog hatálya alá tartozik-e vagy sem. Ezért szükséges az, hogy a jogi szakemberek számára képzést, illetve képzési anyagokat biztosítsunk, hogy megismerhessék a Charta alkalmazási körét, amelyet a Charta 51. cikke határoz meg. Ennek az oktatói kézikönyvnek az a célja, hogy a – későbbiekben bővíthető – esettanulmány-gyűjteményből kiinduló képzések megszervezéséhez és lebonyolításához iránymutatást nyújtson.

A civil társadalmi szervezetek különböző kihívásokkal néznek szembe az Európai Unióban. Az FRA „A civil tér védelme az EU-ban” című jelentése ismerteti az ügynökség e kihívásokkal kapcsolatos megállapításait. 2021 szeptemberében tették közzé. Ez az összefoglaló a jelentésben ismertetett főbb megállapításokat és FRAvéleményeket mutatja be.

Civil society is a key component of Europe’s fundamental rights architecture. From supporting people affected by the pandemic to helping those fleeing the war in Ukraine, civil society plays a crucial role in upholding people’s rights. In so doing, it contributes to a healthy rule of law culture. FRA’s civic space report provides an overview of the many ways in which civil society contributes to the checks and balances that underpin the rule of law.