Failure to rescue and assist migrants in distress, maltreatment, and abuse. These are some of the serious and life-threatening human rights violations at the EU’s land and sea borders that are not properly investigated. The latest report from the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) identifies systemic gaps and obstacles to investigating such violations. The Pact on Migration and Asylum constitutes an opportunity to address these. The report suggests concrete steps to ensure more effective investigations into incidents of loss of life and ill-treatment at the EU’s borders.