eu-charter

Charta der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union

Artikel 6 - Recht auf Freiheit und Sicherheit

Artikel 6 - Recht auf Freiheit und Sicherheit

Jeder Mensch hat das Recht auf Freiheit und Sicherheit.

Erläuterungen

  • Text:

    Die Rechte nach Artikel 6 entsprechen den Rechten, die durch Artikel 5 EMRK garantiert sind, denen sie nach Artikel 52 Absatz 3 der Charta an Bedeutung und Tragweite gleichkommen. Die Einschränkungen, die legitim an diesen Rechten vorgenommen werden können, dürfen daher nicht über die Einschränkungen hinausgehen, die im Rahmen des wie folgt lautenden Artikels 5 EMRK zulässig sind:

    1. Jeder Mensch hat das Recht auf Freiheit und Sicherheit. Die Freiheit darf nur in den folgenden Fällen und nur auf die gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Weise entzogen werden:
      a) rechtmäßige Freiheitsentziehung nach Verurteilung durch ein zuständiges Gericht;
      b) rechtmäßige Festnahme oder Freiheitsentziehung wegen Nichtbefolgung einer rechtmäßigen gerichtlichen Anordnung oder zur Erzwingung der Erfüllung einer gesetzlichen Verpflichtung;
      c) rechtmäßige Festnahme oder Freiheitsentziehung zur Vorführung vor die zuständige Gerichtsbehörde, wenn hinreichender Verdacht besteht, dass die betreffende Person eine Straftat begangen hat, oder wenn begründeter Anlass zu der Annahme besteht, dass es notwendig ist, sie an der Begehung einer Straftat oder an der Flucht nach Begehung einer solchen zu hindern;
      d) rechtmäßige Freiheitsentziehung bei Minderjährigen zum Zweck überwachter Erziehung oder zur Vorführung vor die zuständige Behörde;
      e) rechtmäßige Freiheitsentziehung mit dem Ziel, eine Verbreitung ansteckender Krankheiten zu verhindern, sowie bei psychisch Kranken, Alkohol- oder Rauschgiftsüchtigen und Landstreichern;
      f) rechtmäßige Festnahme oder Freiheitsentziehung zur Verhinderung der unerlaubten Einreise sowie bei Personen, gegen die ein Ausweisungs- oder Auslieferungsverfahren im Gange ist.
    2. Jeder festgenommenen Person muss unverzüglich in einer ihr verständlichen Sprache mitgeteilt werden, welches die Gründe für ihre Festnahme sind und welche Beschuldigungen gegen sie erhoben werden.
    3. Jede Person, die nach Absatz 1 Buchstabe c von Festnahme oder Freiheitsentziehung betroffen ist, muss unverzüglich einem Richter oder einer anderen gesetzlich zur Wahrnehmung richterlicher Aufgaben ermächtigten Person vorgeführt werden; sie hat Anspruch auf ein Urteil innerhalb angemessener Frist oder auf Entlassung während des Verfahrens. Die Entlassung kann von der Leistung einer Sicherheit für das Erscheinen vor Gericht abhängig gemacht werden.
    4. Jede Person, die festgenommen oder der die Freiheit entzogen ist, hat das Recht, zu beantragen, dass ein Gericht innerhalb kurzer Frist über die Rechtmäßigkeit der Freiheitsentziehung entscheidet und ihre Entlassung anordnet, wenn die Freiheitsentziehung nicht rechtmäßig ist.
    5. Jede Person, die unter Verletzung dieses Artikels von Festnahme oder Freiheitsentziehung betroffen ist, hat Anspruch auf Schadensersatz.“

    Die Rechte nach Artikel 6 müssen insbesondere dann geachtet werden, wenn das Europäische Parlament und der Rat Gesetzgebungsakte im Bereich der justiziellen Zusammenarbeit in Strafsachen auf der Grundlage der Artikel 82, 83 und 85 des Vertrags über die Arbeitsweise der Europäischen Union, insbesondere zur Festlegung gemeinsamer Mindestvorschriften über die Tatbestandsmerkmale strafbarer Handlungen und die Strafen sowie über bestimmte Aspekte des Verfahrensrechts erlassen.

    Quelle:
    Amtsblatt der Europäischen Union C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
    Die Erläuterungen wurden ursprünglich unter der Verantwortung des Präsidiums des Konvents, der die Charta der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union ausgearbeitet hat, formuliert. Sie wurden unter der Verantwortung des Präsidiums des Europäischen Konvents aufgrund der von diesem Konvent vorgenommenen Anpassungen des Wortlauts der Charta (insbesondere der Artikel 51 und 52) und der Fortentwicklung des Unionsrechts aktualisiert. Diese Erläuterungen haben als solche keinen rechtlichen Status, stellen jedoch eine nützliche Interpretationshilfe dar, die dazu dient, die Bestimmungen der Charta zu verdeutlichen.

Rechtsprechung

Nationales Verfassungsrecht

42 results found

  • Το Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας
    Land:
    Greece

    Άρθρο 5 (1). Kαθένας έχει δικαίωμα να αναπτύσσει ελεύθερα την πρoσωπικότητά τoυ και να συμμετέχει στην κoινωνική, oικoνoμική και πoλιτική ζωή της Xώρας, εφόσoν δεν πρoσβάλλει τα δικαιώματα των άλλων και δεν παραβιάζει τo Σύνταγμα ή τα χρηστά ήθη. (2). Όλoι όσoι βρίσκoνται στην Eλληνική Eπικράτεια απoλαμβάνoυν την απόλυτη πρoστασία της ζωής, της τιμής και της ελευθερίας τoυς, χωρίς διάκριση εθνικότητας, φυλής, γλώσσας και θρησκευτικών ή πoλιτικών πεπoιθήσεων. Eξαιρέσεις επιτρέπoνται στις περιπτώσεις πoυ πρoβλέπει τo διεθνές δίκαιo. Aπαγoρεύεται η έκδoση αλλoδαπoύ πoυ διώκεται για τη δράση τoυ υπέρ της ελευθερίας. (3). H πρoσωπική ελευθερία είναι απαραβίαστη. Kανένας δεν καταδιώκεται oύτε συλλαμβάνεται oύτε φυλακίζεται oύτε με oπoιoνδήπoτε άλλo τρόπo περιoρίζεται, παρά μόνo όταν και όπως oρίζει o νόμoς. (4). Απαγορεύονται ατομικά διοικητικά μέτρα που περιορίζουν σε οποιονδήποτε Έλληνα την ελεύθερη κίνηση ή εγκατάσταση στη Χώρα, καθώς και την ελεύθερη έξοδο και είσοδο σ’ αυτήν. Τέτοιου περιεχομένου περιοριστικά μέτρα είναι δυνατόν να επιβληθούν μόνο ως παρεπόμενη ποινή με απόφαση ποινικού δικαστηρίου, σε εξαιρετικές περιπτώσεις ανάγκης και μόνο για την πρόληψη αξιόποινων πράξεων, όπως νόμος ορίζει. (5). Καθένας έχει δικαίωμα στην προστασία της υγείας και της γενετικής του ταυτότητας. Νόμος ορίζει τα σχετικά με την προστασία κάθε προσώπου έναντι των βιοϊατρικών παρεμβάσεων. Άρθρο 6(1). Kανένας δεν συλλαμβάνεται oύτε φυλακίζεται χωρίς αιτιoλoγημένo δικαστικό ένταλμα, πoυ πρέπει να επιδoθεί τη στιγμή πoυ γίνεται η σύλληψη ή η πρoφυλάκιση. Eξαιρoύνται τα αυτόφωρα εγκλήματα. (2). Όπoιoς συλλαμβάνεται για αυτόφωρo έγκλημα ή με ένταλμα πρoσάγεται στoν αρμόδιo ανακριτή τo αργότερo μέσα σε είκoσι τέσσερις ώρες από τη σύλληψη, αν όμως η σύλληψη έγινε έξω από την έδρα τoυ ανακριτή, η πρoσαγωγή γίνεται μέσα στoν απoλύτως αναγκαίo χρόνo για τη μεταγωγή τoυ. O ανακριτής oφείλει, μέσα σε τρεις ημέρες από την πρoσαγωγή, είτε να απoλύσει τoν συλληφθέντα είτε να εκδώσει ένταλμα φυλάκισης. H πρoθεσμία αυτή παρατείνεται για δύo ημέρες, αν τo ζητήσει αυτός πoυ έχει πρoσαχθεί, ή σε περίπτωση ανώτερης βίας πoυ βεβαιώνεται αμέσως με απόφαση τoυ αρμόδιoυ δικαστικoύ συμβoυλίoυ. (3). Όταν περάσει άπρακτη καθεμία από τις δύo αυτές πρoθεσμίες, κάθε δεσμoφύλακας ή άλλoς, είτε πoλιτικός υπάλληλoς είτε στρατιωτικός, στoν oπoίo έχει ανατεθεί η κράτηση εκείνoυ πoυ έχει συλληφθεί, oφείλει να τoν απoλύσει αμέσως. Oι παραβάτες τιμωρoύνται για παράνoμη κατακράτηση και υπoχρεoύνται να επανoρθώσoυν κάθε ζημία πoυ έγινε στoν παθόντα και να τoν ικανoπoιήσoυν για ηθική βλάβη με χρηματικό πoσό, όπως νόμoς oρίζει. (4). Nόμoς oρίζει τo ανώτατo όριo διάρκειας της πρoφυλάκισης, πoυ δεν μπoρεί να υπερβεί τo ένα έτoς στα κακoυργήματα και τoυς έξι μήνες στα πλημμελήματα. Σε εντελώς εξαιρετικές περιπτώσεις τα ανώτατα αυτά όρια μπoρoύν να παραταθoύν για έξι και τρεις μήνες, αντίστoιχα, με απόφαση τoυ αρμόδιoυ δικαστικoύ συμβoυλίoυ. Απαγορεύεται η υπέρβαση των ανώτατων ορίων της προφυλάκισης με τη διαδοχική επιβολή του μέτρου αυτού για επί μέρους πράξεις της ίδιας υπόθεσης.

  • КОНСТИТУЦИЯ на Република България
    Land:
    Bulgaria

    Ние, народните представители от Седмото Велико Народно събрание, в стремежа си да изразим волята на българския народ [...] като издигаме във върховен принцип правата на личността, нейното достойнство и сигурност [...] Чл.30. (1) Всеки има право на лична свобода и неприкосновеност.
    (2) Никой не може да бъде задържан, подлаган на оглед, обиск или на друго посегателство върху личната му неприкосновеност освен при условията и по реда, определени със закон.
    (3) В изрично посочените от закона неотложни случаи компетентните държавни органи могат да задържат гражданин, за което незабавно уведомяват органите на съдебната власт. В срок от 24 часа от задържането органът на съдебната власт се произнася по неговата законосъобразност.

EU-Recht

13 results found

  • Regulation (EU) 2019/1896 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2019 on the European Border and Coast Guard and repealing Regulations (EU) No 1052/2013 and (EU) 2016/1624

    Preamble

    (103) This Regulation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by Articles 2 and 6 TEU and by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), in particular respect for human dignity, the right to life, the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the prohibition of trafficking in human beings, the right to liberty and security, the right to the protection of personal data, the right of access to documents, the right to asylum and to protection against removal and expulsion, non-refoulement, non-discrimination and the rights of the child.

    Article 1: Subject matter

    This Regulation establishes a European Border and Coast Guard to ensure European integrated border management at the external borders with a view to managing those borders efficiently in full compliance with fundamental rights and to increasing the efficiency of the Union return policy.

    This Regulation addresses migratory challenges and potential future challenges and threats at the external borders. It ensures a high level of internal security within the Union in full respect of fundamental rights, while safeguarding the free movement of persons within the Union. It contributes to the detection, prevention and combating of cross-border crime at the external borders.

    Article 43: Instructions to the teams

    4.   Members of the teams shall, in the performance of their tasks and in the exercise of their powers, fully respect fundamental rights, including access to asylum procedures and human dignity, and shall pay particular attention to vulnerable persons. Any measures taken in the performance of their tasks and in the exercise of their powers shall be proportionate to the objectives pursued by such measures. While performing their tasks and exercising their powers, they shall not discriminate against persons on the basis of any grounds such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation in line with Article 21 of the Charter.

  • Commission Recommendation of 27 November 2013 on procedural safeguards for vulnerable persons suspected or accused in criminal proceedings

    Preamble
    ‘(10) Vulnerable persons need appropriate assistance and support during criminal proceedings. For that purpose, the legal representative of a vulnerable suspect or accused person or an appropriate adult should be informed as soon as possible of the criminal proceedings against him, of the nature of the accusation, the procedural rights and the available remedies. The legal representative or an appropriate adult should be notified as soon as possible of the deprivation of liberty and be informed about the reasons for it, unless it is contrary to the person's best interests.‘
    Right to medical assistance
    ‘12. Vulnerable persons should have access to systematic and regular medical assistance throughout criminal proceedings if they are deprived of liberty.‘
    Deprivation of liberty
    ‘14. Member States should take all steps to ensure that deprivation of liberty of vulnerable persons before their conviction is a measure of last resort, proportionate and taking place under conditions suited to the needs of the vulnerable person. Appropriate measures should be taken to ensure that vulnerable persons have access to reasonable accommodations taking into account their particular needs when they are deprived of liberty.‘

  • Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2001/220/JHA

    Preamble:

    (14) In applying this Directive, children's best interests must be a primary consideration, in accordance with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted on 20 November 1989. Child victims should be considered and treated as the full bearers of rights set out in this Directive and should be entitled to exercise those rights in a manner that takes into account their capacity to form their own views.
    (16) Victims of terrorism have suffered attacks that are intended ultimately to harm society. They may therefore need special attention, support and protection due to the particular nature of the crime that has been committed against them. Victims of terrorism can be under significant public scrutiny and often need social recognition and respectful treatment by society. Member States should therefore take particular account of the needs of victims of terrorism, and should seek to protect their dignity and security.’
    ‘(38) [...] A main task of these services and their staff, which play an important role in supporting the victim to recover from and overcome potential harm or trauma as a result of a criminal offence, should be to inform victims about the rights set out in this Directive so that they can take decisions in a supportive environment that treats them with dignity, respect and sensitivity. The types of support that such specialist support services should offer could include providing shelter and safe accommodation, immediate medical support, referral to medical and forensic examination for evidence in cases of rape or sexual assault, short and long-term psychological counselling, trauma care, legal advice, advocacy and specific services for children as direct or indirect victims.’
    ‘(52) Measures should be available to protect the safety and dignity of victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, such as interim injunctions or protection or restraining orders.’

    (66) This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In particular, it seeks to promote the right to dignity, life, physical and mental integrity, liberty and security, respect for private and family life, the right to property, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of equality between women and men, the rights of the child, the elderly and persons with disabilities, and the right to a fair trial.

    Article 18 - Right to protection
    ‘Without prejudice to the rights of the defence, Member States shall ensure that measures are available to protect victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, including against the risk of emotional or psychological harm, and to protect the dignity of victims during questioning and when testifying. When necessary, such measures shall also include procedures established under national law for the physical protection of victims and their family members.’

Internationales Recht

5 results found

  • European Convention on Human Rights - Article 5

    Article 5 – Right to liberty and security

    1 Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be deprived of his liberty save in the following cases and in accordance with a procedure prescribed by law:

    a the lawful detention of a person after conviction by a competent court;

    b the lawful arrest or detention of a person for non-compliance with the lawful order of a court or in order to secure the fulfilment of any obligation prescribed by law;

    c the lawful arrest or detention of a person effected for the purpose of bringing him before the competent legal authority on reasonable suspicion of having committed an offence or when it is reasonably considered necessary to prevent his committing an offence or fleeing after having done so;

    d the detention of a minor by lawful order for the purpose of educational supervision or his lawful detention for the purpose of bringing him before the competent legal authority;

    e the lawful detention of persons for the prevention of the spreading of infectious diseases, of persons of unsound mind, alcoholics or drug addicts or vagrants;

    f the lawful arrest or detention of a person to prevent his effecting an unauthorised entry into the country or of a person against whom action is being taken with a view to deportation or extradition.

    2 Everyone who is arrested shall be informed promptly, in a language which he understands, of the reasons for his arrest and of any charge against him.

    3 Everyone arrested or detained in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1.c of this article shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorised by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release pending trial. Release may be conditioned by guarantees to appear for trial. 4 Everyone who is deprived of his liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings by which the lawfulness of his detention shall be decided speedily by a court and his release ordered if the detention is not lawful. 5 Everyone who has been the victim of arrest or detention in contravention of the provisions of this article shall have an enforceable right to compensation.

  • Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities - Article 14

    Article 14 – Liberty and security of person

    1. States Parties shall ensure that persons with disabilities, on an equal basis with others: a) Enjoy the right to liberty and security of person; b) Are not deprived of their liberty unlawfully or arbitrarily, and that any deprivation of liberty is in conformity with the law, and that the existence of a disability shall in no justify a deprivation of liberty.

    2. States Parties shall ensure that if persons with disabilities are deprived of their liberty through any process, they are, on an equal basis with others, entitled to guarantees in accordance with international human rights law and shall be treated in compliance with the objectives and principles of the present Convention, including by provision of reasonable accommodation.

  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

    Article 9

    1. Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention. No one shall be deprived of his liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with such procedure as are established by law.

    2. Anyone who is arrested shall be informed, at the time of arrest, of the reasons for his arrest and shall be promptly informed of any charges against him.

    3. Anyone arrested or detained on a criminal charge shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release. It shall not be the general rule that persons awaiting trial shall be detained in custody, but release may be subject to guarantees to appear for trial, at any other stage of the judicial proceedings, and, should occasion arise, for execution of the judgement.

    4. Anyone who is deprived of his liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings before a court, in order that that court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of his detention and order his release if the detention is not lawful.

    5. Anyone who has been the victim of unlawful arrest or detention shall have an enforceable right to compensation.

     

    Article 10

    1. All persons deprived of their liberty shall be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person.

    2. (a) Accused persons shall, save in exceptional circumstances, be segregated from convicted persons and shall be subject to separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons; (b) Accused juvenile persons shall be separated from adults and brought as speedily as possible for adjudication.

    3. The penitentiary system shall comprise treatment of prisoners the essential aim of which shall be their reformation and social rehabilitation. Juvenile offenders shall be segregated from adults and be accorded treatment appropriate to their age and legal status.

  • Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 35 - Article 9: Liberty and Security of person
  • UN General Assembly Resolution 70/175 (2015) - United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules)

Produkte

  • Report / Paper / Summary
    10
    November
    2016
    EU Member States have largely implemented, and started applying, three instruments on transferring prison sentences, probation measures and alternative sanctions, as well as pre-trial supervision measures, to other Member States. This report provides an overview of their first experiences with these measures, highlighting both best practices and shortcomings.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    22
    Oktober
    2015
    Processing biometric data for immigration, asylum and border management purposes has become common. This focus paper looks at measures authorities can take to enforce the obligation of newly arrived asylum seekers and migrants in an irregular situation to provide fingerprints for inclusion in Eurodac.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    9
    Oktober
    2015
    For asylum and return (i.e. expulsion) procedures to be implemented effectively, people need to be at the disposal of the authorities so that any measure requiring their presence can be taken without delay. To achieve this, EU Member States may decide to hold people in closed facilities. Less intrusive measures, which are usually referred to as alternatives to detention, reduce the risk that deprivation of liberty is resorted to excessively.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    19
    Juni
    2015
    Der Situation an Grenzübergangsstellen der Landgrenzen zur Einreise in die EU wird weniger Auf‑
    merksamkeit gewidmet als der Lage an Europas südlichen Seegrenzen, wo das Leben von Migran‑
    ten und Migrantinnen gefährdet ist. An den Landgrenzen werden die Grenzübertrittskontrollen von
    Drittstaatsangehörigen im Allgemeinen routinemäßig durchgeführt und verlaufen ohne Zwischen‑
    fälle. Die Forschungsarbeiten der FRA zeigen jedoch, dass es auch hier eine Reihe von Herausfor‑
    derungen gibt, die die Grundrechte von Reisenden beeinträchtigen. Diese reichen von respektloser
    Behandlung bis hin zur Nichterkennung von Personen, die Schutz benötigen. Solche Herausforde‑
    rungen dürfen nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    12
    Mai
    2015
    Trans* Personen, deren Geschlechtsidentität oder Ausdrucksformen des Geschlechts von dem bei der Geburt zugewiesenen Geschlecht abweichen, sind heute in der Europäischen Union (EU) häufig Diskriminierung, Belästigung und Gewalt ausgesetzt. Diese Realität löst Ängste aus, die viele von ihnen veranlassen, ihr eigentliches Selbst zu verstecken oder zu verschleiern. Dieser Bericht untersucht die Fragen Gleichbehandlung und Diskriminierung aus zwei Perspektiven, nämlich sexuelle Orientierung und Geschlechtsidentität.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    5
    Mai
    2015
    Each year thousands of children take part in criminal and civil judicial proceedings, affected by parental divorce
    or as victims or witnesses to crime. Such proceedings can be stressful for anyone. The European Union Agency
    for Fundamental Rights (FRA) investigated whether children’s rights are respected in these proceedings.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    5
    Mai
    2015
    Wenn die Justizsysteme kindgerechter und kinderfreundlicher
    gestaltet werden, so verbessert dies
    den Schutz für Kinder, erleichtert deren sinnvolle
    Beteiligung und verbessert zugleich die Arbeitsweise
    der Justiz. Mit den in dieser Zusammenfassung
    dargestellten Erkenntnissen erhalten die Mitgliedstaaten
    ein hilfreiches Instrumentarium an die Hand,
    mit dessen Unterstützung sich Hindernisse, Lücken
    oder Schwachstellen bei Gerichtsverfahren – insbesondere
    im Zuge der Umsetzung und Anwendung
    der einschlägigen EU Richtlinien – ermitteln lassen.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    9
    Dezember
    2014
    Trans persons, or those whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex assigned them at birth, face frequent discrimination, harassment and violence across the European Union (EU) today. This reality triggers fears that persuade many to hide or disguise their true selves. This report examines issues of equal treatment and discrimination on two grounds, namely sexual orientation and gender identity. It analyses data on the experiences of 6,579 trans respondents from the EU Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) survey, the largest body of empirical evidence of its kind to date.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    27
    November
    2014
    Die folgenden Schlussfolgerungen enthalten die Vorschläge und Bedenken, die KonferenzteilnehmerInnen von den HauptrednerInnen bis zu den TeilnehmerInnen der Podiumsdiskussionen und thematischen Arbeitsgruppen äußerten.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    10
    November
    2014
    Together with two FRA sister reports on the
    EU’s air and southern sea borders, this report’s findings serve to inform EU and Member State practitioners and
    policy makers of fundamental rights challenges that can emerge at land borders. Increased awareness should
    also help to create a shared understanding among border guards of what fundamental obligations mean for
    their daily work, ultimately enhancing fundamental rights compliance at the EU’s external borders.