eu-charter

Carta drepturilor fundamentale a Uniunii Europene

Articolul 21 - Nediscriminarea

Articolul 21 - Nediscriminarea

(1) Se interzice discriminarea de orice fel, bazată pe motive precum sexul, rasa, culoarea, originea etnică sau socială, caracteristicile genetice, limba, religia sau convingerile, opiniile politice sau de orice altă natură, apartenența la o minoritate națională, averea, nașterea, un handicap, vârsta sau orientarea sexuală.
(2) În domeniul de aplicare a tratatelor și fără a aduce atingere dispozițiilor speciale ale acestora, se interzice orice discriminare pe motiv de cetățenie.

Explicaţii

  • Text:

    Alineatul (1) este inspirat de articolul 13 din Tratatul CE, înlocuit de acum înainte cu articolul 19 din Tratatul privind funcţionarea Uniunii Europene, de articolul 14 din CEDO, precum şi de articolul 11 din Convenţia privind drepturile omului şi biomedicina în ceea ce priveşte moştenirea genetică. În măsura în care coincide cu articolul 14 din CEDO, alineatul menţionat se aplică în conformitate cu acesta din urmă.
    Nu există nici contradicţii şi nici incompatibilităţi între alineatul (1) şi articolul 19 din Tratatul privind funcţionarea Uniunii Europene, al cărui domeniu de aplicare şi obiect sunt diferite: articolul 19 conferă Uniunii competenţa de a adopta acte legislative, incluzând armonizarea actelor cu putere de lege şi a actelor administrative ale statelor membre, în vederea combaterii anumitor forme de discriminare citate exhaustiv în acest articol. Această legislaţie se poate extinde la acţiunile autorităţilor unui stat membru (precum şi la relaţiile între persoane de drept privat) în orice domeniu care intră în competenţele Uniunii. În schimb, articolul 21 alineatul (1) de mai sus nu conferă nicio competenţă de adoptare a unor acte cu putere de lege împotriva discriminării în aceste domenii de acţiune a statelor membre sau a particularilor, şi nici nu conţine o interdicţie amplă a discriminării în domeniile menţionate anterior. De fapt, acesta se referă numai la discriminările făcute de instituţiile şi organele Uniunii în exercitarea competenţelor care le sunt conferite de tratate, şi de statele membre, numai în măsura în care pun în aplicare dreptul Uniunii. Alineatul (1) nu modifică prin urmare domeniul competenţelor conferite de articolul 19 şi nici interpretarea acestui articol.
    Alineatul (2) corespunde articolului 18 alineatul (1) din Tratatul privind funcţionarea Uniunii Europene şi trebuie aplicat în conformitate cu acesta.

    Source:
    Jurnalul Oficial al Uniunii Europene C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
    Explicaţiile redate în continuare au fost redactate iniţial sub autoritatea prezidiului Convenţiei care a elaborat Carta drepturilor fundamentale a Uniunii Europene. Acestea au fost actualizate sub autoritatea prezidiului Convenţiei Europene, având în vedere adaptarea de către respectiva Convenţie a textului cartei (în special la articolele 51 şi 52), precum şi evoluţia dreptului Uniunii. Cu toate că aceste explicaţii nu au valoare juridică în sine, acestea constituie un preţios instrument de interpretare destinat clarificării dispoziţiilor cartei.

Jurisprudență

Dreptul constituțional național

57 results found

  • Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania
    Țara:
    Lithuania

    Article 29. All persons shall be equal before the law, the court, and other State institutions and officials. The rights of the human being may not be restricted, nor may he be granted any privileges on the ground of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, social status, belief, convictions, or views.

  • Constitution of the Republic of Poland
    Țara:
    Poland

    Article 32 1. All persons shall be equal before the law. All persons shall have the right to equal treatment by public authorities. 2. No one shall be discriminated against in political, social or economic life for any reason whatsoever.

  • Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana
    Țara:
    Italy

    Art. 3. Tutti i cittadini hanno pari dignità sociale e sono eguali davanti alla legge, senza distinzione di sesso, di razza, di lingua, di religione, di opinioni politiche, di condizioni personali e sociali. È compito della Repubblica rimuovere gli ostacoli di ordine economico e sociale, che, limitando di fatto la libertà e la uguaglianza dei cittadini, impediscono il pieno sviluppo della persona umana e l'effettiva partecipazione di tutti i lavoratori all'organizzazione politica, economica e sociale del Paese. Art. 10. (...) La condizione giuridica dello straniero è regolata dalla legge in conformità delle norme e dei trattati internazionali (...)

  • Czechia / Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
    Țara:
    Czechia

    Article 3 (1) Everyone is guaranteed the enjoyment of her fundamental rights and basic freedoms without regard to gender, race, colour of skin, language, faith and religion, political or other conviction, national or social origin, membership in a national or ethnic minority, property, birth, or other status.

  • Danmarks Riges Grundlov
    Țara:
    Denmark

    § 70. Ingen kan på grund af sin trosbekendelse eller afstamning berøves adgang til den fulde nydelse af borgerlige og politiske rettigheder eller unddrage sig opfyldelsen af nogen almindelig borgerpligt.
    § 71. Stk. 1. Den personlige frihed er ukrænkelig. Ingen dansk borger kan på grund af sin politiske eller religiøse overbevisning eller sin afstamning underkastes nogen form for frihedsberøvelse.
    § 83. Enhver i lovgivningen til adel, titel og rang knyttet forret er afskaffet.

  • De Belgische Grondwet
    Țara:
    Belgium

    Artikel 11Het genot van de rechten en vrijheden aan de Belgen toegekend moet zonder discriminatie verzekerd worden. Te dien einde waarborgen de wet en het decreet inzonderheid de rechten en vrijheden van de ideologische en filosofische minderheden.Artikel 131De wet stelt de regelen vast ter voorkoming van elke discriminatie om ideologische en filosofische redenen.

  • Eesti Vabariigi Põhiseadus
    Țara:
    Estonia

    § 12. Kõik on seaduse ees võrdsed. Kedagi ei tohi diskrimineerida rahvuse, rassi, nahavärvuse, soo, keele, päritolu, usutunnistuse, poliitiliste või muude veendumuste, samuti varalise ja sotsiaalse seisundi või muude asjaolude tõttu. Rahvusliku, rassilise, usulise või poliitilise vihkamise, vägivalla ja diskrimineerimise õhutamine on seadusega keelatud ja karistatav. Samuti on seadusega keelatud ja karistatav õhutada vihkamist, vägivalda ja diskrimineerimist ühiskonnakihtide vahel.

  • Equal Treatment Act
    Țara:
    Estonia

    § 1. Purpose and scope of Act
    (1) The purpose of this Act is to ensure the protection of persons against discrimination on grounds of nationality (ethnic origin), race, colour, religion or other beliefs, age, disability or sexual orientation.
    (2) In order to achieve the purpose specified in subsection (1) of this section, this Act provides for:
    1) the principles of equal treatment;
    2) duties upon implementation and promotion of the principle of equal treatment;
    3) resolution of discrimination disputes.

  • Federal Constitutional Act on Elimination of racial discrimination
    Țara:
    Austria

    Article 1 §1 (1) Any form of racial discrimination – also to the extent not already in contradiction with Article 7 of the Federal Constitutional Act as amended 1929 and Article 14 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Liberties, Federal Law Gazette No. 210/1958 – is forbidden. Legislation and execution shall refrain from any discrimination for the sole reason of race, colour of skin, descent or national or ethnic origin. (2) Para 1 shall not prevent granting special rights to Austrian citizens or imposing
    special obligations on them, unless contradicted by Article 14 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Liberties.

  • General Equal Treatment Act
    Țara:
    Germany

     

     

     

  • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
    Țara:
    Germany

    Artikel 3 (...) (3) Niemand darf wegen seines Geschlechtes, seiner Abstammung, seiner Rasse, seiner Sprache, seiner Heimat und Herkunft, seines Glaubens, seiner religiösen oder politischen Anschauungen benachteiligt oder bevorzugt werden. Niemand darf wegen seiner Behinderung benachteiligt werden. Artikel 33 (1) Jeder Deutsche hat in jedem Lande die gleichen staatsbürgerlichen Rechte und Pflichten. (2) Jeder Deutsche hat nach seiner Eignung, Befähigung und fachlichen Leistung gleichen Zugang zu jedem öffentlichen Amte. (3) Der Genuß bürgerlicher und staatsbürgerlicher Rechte, die Zulassung zu öffentlichen Ämtern sowie die im öffentlichen Dienste erworbenen Rechte sind unabhängig von dem religiösen Bekenntnis. Niemandem darf aus seiner Zugehörigkeit oder Nichtzugehörigkeit zu einem Bekenntnisse oder einer Weltanschauung ein Nachteil erwachsen.

  • Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
    Țara:
    Poland

    Art. 32. 1. Wszyscy są wobec prawa równi. Wszyscy mają prawo do równego traktowania przez władze publiczne.2. Nikt nie może być dyskryminowany w życiu politycznym, społecznym lub gospodarczym z jakiejkolwiek przyczyny.

  • Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten
    Țara:
    Austria

    Artikel 14 Der Genuß der in der vorliegenden Konvention festgelegten Rechte und Freiheiten ist ohne Benachteiligung zu gewährleisten, die insbesondere im Geschlecht, in der Rasse, Hautfarbe, Sprache, Religion, in den politischen oder sonstigen Anschauungen, in nationaler oder sozialer Herkunft, in der Zugehörigkeit zu einer nationalen Minderheit, im Vermögen, in der Geburt oder im sonstigen Status begründet ist.

  • La Constitution Belge
    Țara:
    Belgium

    Article 11La jouissance des droits et libertés reconnus aux Belges doit être assurée sans discrimination. A cette fin, la loi et le décret garantissent notamment les droits et libertés des minorités idéologiques et philosophiques.Article 131La loi arrête les mesures en vue de prévenir toute discrimination pour des raisons idéologiques et philosophiques.

  • Latvijas Republikas Satversme
    Țara:
    Latvia

    91. Visi cilvēki Latvijā ir vienlīdzīgi likuma un tiesas priekšā. Cilvēka tiesības tiek īstenotas bez jebkādas diskriminācijas.

  • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
    Țara:
    Lithuania

    29 straipsnis Įstatymui, teismui ir kitoms valstybės institucijoms ar pareigūnams visi asmenys lygūs. Žmogaus teisių negalima varžyti ir teikti jam privilegijų dėl jo lyties, rasės, tautybės, kalbos, kilmės, socialinės padėties, tikėjimo, įsitikinimų ar pažiūrų pagrindu.

  • Luxembourg / Constitution of the Grand Ducal of Luxembourg
    Țara:
    Luxembourg

    Art. 15.  ... (2) Nul ne peut être discriminé en raison de sa situation ou de circonstances personnelles. 

    ...

  • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
    Țara:
    Hungary

    XV. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) [...] (2) Magyarország az alapvető jogokat mindenkinek bármely megkülönböztetés, nevezetesen faj, szín, nem, fogyatékosság, nyelv, vallás, politikai vagy más vélemény , nemzeti vagy társadalmi származás, vagyoni, születési vagy egyéb helyzet szerinti kűlönbségtétel nélkül biztosítja. [...] (4)Magyarország az esélyegyenlőség és a társadalmi felzárkózás megvalósulását külön intézkedésekkel segíti.

  • Netherlands / Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
    Țara:
    Netherlands

    Article 1 All persons in the Netherlands shall be treated equally in equal circumstances. Discrimination on the grounds of religion, belief, political opinion, race or sex, disability, sexual orientation or on any other grounds whatsoever shall not be permitted.

  • Non-Discrimination Act (21/2004)
    Țara:
    Finland

Legislația UE

33 results found

  • Regulation (EU) 2021/692 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing the Citizens, Equality, Rights and Values Programme and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1381/2013 of the European Parliament

    Article 1

    Subject matter

    This Regulation establishes the Citizens, Equality, Rights and Values Programme (the ‘Programme’) for the duration of the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027, as laid down in Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2020/2093.

    It lays down the objectives of the Programme, the budget for the period 2021–2027, the forms of Union funding and the rules for providing such funding.

  • Regulation (EU) 2019/1896 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2019 on the European Border and Coast Guard and repealing Regulations (EU) No 1052/2013 and (EU) 2016/1624

    Preamble

    (103) This Regulation respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by Articles 2 and 6 TEU and by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), in particular respect for human dignity, the right to life, the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the prohibition of trafficking in human beings, the right to liberty and security, the right to the protection of personal data, the right of access to documents, the right to asylum and to protection against removal and expulsion, non-refoulement, non-discrimination and the rights of the child.

    Article 1: Subject matter

    This Regulation establishes a European Border and Coast Guard to ensure European integrated border management at the external borders with a view to managing those borders efficiently in full compliance with fundamental rights and to increasing the efficiency of the Union return policy.

    This Regulation addresses migratory challenges and potential future challenges and threats at the external borders. It ensures a high level of internal security within the Union in full respect of fundamental rights, while safeguarding the free movement of persons within the Union. It contributes to the detection, prevention and combating of cross-border crime at the external borders.

    Article 43: Instructions to the teams

    4.   Members of the teams shall, in the performance of their tasks and in the exercise of their powers, fully respect fundamental rights, including access to asylum procedures and human dignity, and shall pay particular attention to vulnerable persons. Any measures taken in the performance of their tasks and in the exercise of their powers shall be proportionate to the objectives pursued by such measures. While performing their tasks and exercising their powers, they shall not discriminate against persons on the basis of any grounds such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation in line with Article 21 of the Charter.

  • Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2001/220/JHA

    Preamble:

    (14) In applying this Directive, children's best interests must be a primary consideration, in accordance with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted on 20 November 1989. Child victims should be considered and treated as the full bearers of rights set out in this Directive and should be entitled to exercise those rights in a manner that takes into account their capacity to form their own views.
    (16) Victims of terrorism have suffered attacks that are intended ultimately to harm society. They may therefore need special attention, support and protection due to the particular nature of the crime that has been committed against them. Victims of terrorism can be under significant public scrutiny and often need social recognition and respectful treatment by society. Member States should therefore take particular account of the needs of victims of terrorism, and should seek to protect their dignity and security.’
    ‘(38) [...] A main task of these services and their staff, which play an important role in supporting the victim to recover from and overcome potential harm or trauma as a result of a criminal offence, should be to inform victims about the rights set out in this Directive so that they can take decisions in a supportive environment that treats them with dignity, respect and sensitivity. The types of support that such specialist support services should offer could include providing shelter and safe accommodation, immediate medical support, referral to medical and forensic examination for evidence in cases of rape or sexual assault, short and long-term psychological counselling, trauma care, legal advice, advocacy and specific services for children as direct or indirect victims.’
    ‘(52) Measures should be available to protect the safety and dignity of victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, such as interim injunctions or protection or restraining orders.’

    (66) This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In particular, it seeks to promote the right to dignity, life, physical and mental integrity, liberty and security, respect for private and family life, the right to property, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of equality between women and men, the rights of the child, the elderly and persons with disabilities, and the right to a fair trial.

    Article 18 - Right to protection
    ‘Without prejudice to the rights of the defence, Member States shall ensure that measures are available to protect victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, including against the risk of emotional or psychological harm, and to protect the dignity of victims during questioning and when testifying. When necessary, such measures shall also include procedures established under national law for the physical protection of victims and their family members.’

Drept internațional

4 results found

  • Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, General recommendation No. 35 Combating racist hate speech

    ‘24. Article 5 of the Convention enshrines the obligation of States parties to prohibit and eliminate racial discrimination and to guarantee the right of everyone, without distinction as to race, colour, or national or ethnic origin, to equality before the law, notably in the enjoyment of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the rights to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, freedom of opinion and expression, and freedom of peaceful assembly and association.‘
    ‘25. The Committee considers that the expression of ideas and opinions made in the context of academic debates, political engagement or similar activity, and without incitement to hatred, contempt, violence or discrimination, should be regarded as legitimate exercises of the right to freedom of expression, even when such ideas are controversial.‘
    ‘26. In addition to its inclusion in article 5, freedom of opinion and expression is recognized as a fundamental right in a broad range of international instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which affirm that everyone has the right to hold opinions and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds through any media and regardless of frontiers. The right to freedom of expression is not unlimited but carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but only if they are provided by law and are necessary for protection of the rights or reputations of others and for the protection of national security or of public order, or of public health or morals. Freedom of expression should not aim at the destruction of the rights and freedoms of others, including the right to equality and non-discrimination.‘

  • Human Rights Council Resolution 26/15 (2014) - Accelerating efforts to eliminate all forms of violence against women: violence against women as a barrier to women’s political and economic empowerment

    ‘6. Emphasizes that the prohibition of discrimination against women on grounds of sex, pregnancy, maternity, parenthood or care work should be enforced for all women in all areas of work, including in the informal sector;
    7. Requests States to take measures to overcome the barriers to women’s economic opportunities resulting from maternity and the disproportionate burden of unpaid care work in order to permit choice by women and men as to how they allocate work and family duties and in order to enable the complementarity of work and family between women and men;
    8. Urges States to take measures to reduce informal work for women, with a focus on female participation in economic life and by increasing women’s economic opportunities, particularly in formal employment, in order to promote gender equality; [...]‘

  • Human Rights Council Resolution 26/5 (2014) - Elimination of discrimination against women
  • Human Rights Council Resolution 35/18 (2017) - Elimination of discrimination against women and girls

Produse

  • Report / Paper / Summary
    3
    September
    2020
    Summary version now available
    21 January 2021
    National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) are a vital part of the country-level human rights protection system. This report, published 10 years after FRA’s first in-depth study on NHRIs, looks at such bodies in the EU, as well as the Republic of North Macedonia, the Republic of Serbia, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It explores relevant developments, challenges to their effectiveness and ways to maximise their impact.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    24
    June
    2020
    Summary version now available
    07 December 2020
    FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey collected data from 35,000 people about their experiences, perceptions and opinions on a range of issues that are variously encompassed by human rights. This report presents a small selection of the survey results. It focuses on findings with respect to respondents’ opinions about human – or fundamental rights; their views and perceptions on the functioning of democratic societies – as a pillar on which human rights can flourish; and on their thoughts on and engagement with public services that have a duty to enforce human rights law and to protect people’s rights.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    11
    June
    2020
    Now available in all 24 official EU languages
    12 August 2020
    Anul 2019 a adus atât progrese, cât și pași înapoi în
    ceea ce privește protecția drepturilor fundamentale.
    Raportul privind drepturile fundamentale 2020 al FRA
    analizează evoluțiile majore din domeniu, identificând
    atât realizările, cât și problemele îngrijorătoare rămase
    nesoluționate. Această publicație prezintă opiniile FRA
    în legătură cu principalele evoluții înregistrate în
    domeniile tematice vizate, precum și o sinteză
    a dovezilor care vin în sprijinul acestor opinii. Astfel,
    raportul oferă o prezentare compactă, dar informativă
    a principalelor provocări legate de drepturile
    fundamentale cu care se confruntă UE și statele sale
    membre.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    13
    June
    2019
    Manualul Copiii lipsiți de îngrijire părintească aflați într-un alt stat membru al UE decât statul lor
    de origine își propune să consolideze răspunsul tuturor actorilor relevanți din domeniul protecției
    copilului. Protecția acestor fete și băieți este de importanță capitală și reprezintă o obligație pentru
    statele membre ale UE, derivată din cadrul juridic internațional și european. Prezentul ghid pune
    accentul pe copiii care devin victime ale traficului de persoane și pe copiii aflați în pericol, punând în
    aplicare o acțiune prevăzută în Comunicarea din 2017 privind intensificarea acțiunii UE de combatere
    a traficului de persoane, și ține seama de tiparele identificate, inclusiv în ceea ce privește specificul
    de gen al infracțiunii.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    6
    June
    2018
    Finnish version now available
    27 January 2020
    European societies are not getting any younger! It is a simple truth we must face both about ourselves and Europe as a whole. In two generations, by 2080, those aged 65 or above will account for almost 30% of the European Union’s population.
  • In brief / Factsheet
    30
    June
    2026
    This factsheet examines the importance of freedom of religion in the workplace as one of the foundations of a democratic society. Jointly published by FRA and the European Court of Human Rights, it examines relevant EU law on the topic, and explains how courts handle issues where EU law and human rights law overlap. It highlights key court decisions from the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) to show how these two legal systems work together on aspects of religious freedom in the workplace, such as wearing religious symbols to work and time off for religious holidays.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    11
    June
    2026
    The Fundamental Rights Report: Challenges and Achievements in 2025 is FRA’s flagship annual publication. It provides an overview of the state of fundamental rights in the EU and highlights selected critical developments from 2025. This year, it focuses on four areas: rights protection in a rapidly changing digital environment; the housing crisis and rising homelessness rates; employment challenges for people from non-EU countries; and the implementation of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. The publication is a valuable resource for those seeking to stay informed about the EU’s shifting landscape of fundamental rights.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    3
    March
    2026
    Violence against women remains widespread in the European Union (EU). This joint report by the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) presents detailed findings from the EU gender-based violence survey. It offers in-depth analysis of the scale, nature and drivers of violence and exposes the structural gender inequality. Building on the 2024 publication, EU gender-based violence survey - Key results, and following up on FRA’s 2014 report, Violence against women: an EU-wide survey, this report tracks trends over the last decade across the EU. Eurostat, FRA, and EIGE jointly conducted the survey. It is based on over 100,000 interviews covering all 27 EU Member States.