eu-charter

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Article 7 - Respect for private and family life

Article 7 - Respect for private and family life

Everyone has the right to respect for his or her private and family life, home and communications.

Explanations

  • Text:

    The rights guaranteed in Article 7 correspond to those guaranteed by Article 8 of the ECHR. To take account of developments in technology the word "correspondence" has been replaced by "communications".
    In accordance with Article 52(3), the meaning and scope of this right are the same as those of the corresponding article of the ECHR. Consequently, the limitations which may legitimately be imposed on this right are the same as those allowed by Article 8 of the ECHR:

    "1. Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.
    2. There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others."

    Source:
    Official Journal of the European Union C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
    These explanations were originally prepared under the authority of the Praesidium of the Convention which drafted the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Although they do not as such have the status of law, they are a valuable tool of interpretation intended to clarify the provisions of the Charter.

Case Law References

  • La Quadrature du Net, Fédération des fournisseurs d’accès à Internet associatifs, Franciliens.net, French Data Network v Premier ministre, Ministre de la Culture
    Decision date:
  • Order of Francophone and Germanophone Bars, Order of Flemish Bars and the Institute of Accountants and Tax Consultants and others
    Decision date:
  • The Institute for the equality for women and a private individual (anonymous) v Council of Ministers
    Decision date:
  • Jens Hermans, Karin Verelst and C.U.; and others Association without lucrative purpose «Association de Promotion des Droits Humains et des Minorités» Versus The Flemish Government; The United College oCommon Community Commissionf the
    Decision date:
  • Ordre des barreaux francophones et germanophone ; “Académie Fiscale” and Jean Pierre Riquet; “Liga voor Mensenrechten”; “Ligue des Droits de l’Homme”; Patrick Van Assche and others.
    Decision date:
  • Belgian French and German-speaking bar associations and two Belgian League of Human Rights associations (‘Liga voor Mensenrechten/Ligue des Droits de l’Homme’) v Belgian State
    Decision date:
  • Order of Flemish Bars and Alain Claes and the de facto association “Belgian Association of Tax Lawyers” and others v. The Government of the Brussels-Capital Region and the Flemish Government
    Decision date:
  • VZW Kinderrechtencoalitie Vlaanderen (Children’s rights coalition Flanders) and VZW Liga voor Mensenrechten (League for Human Rights) v. the Kingdom of Belgium
    Decision date:
  • Liga voor Mensenrechten, Ligue des Droits de l’Homme, Ordre des barreaux francophones et germanophone, Association pour le droit des Etrangers, and others
    Decision date:
  • N.Z.G. vs the Director of the Metropolitan Home for Joyful Rites of Sofia Municipality (Столичен дом за радостни обреди към Столична община)
    Decision date:

National Constitutional Law

41 results found

  • Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten
    Country:
    Austria

    Artikel 8 (1) Jedermann hat Anspruch auf Achtung seines Privat- und Familienlebens, seiner Wohnung und seines Briefverkehrs.

  • La Constitution Belge
    Country:
    Belgium

    Article 15 Le domicile est inviolable; aucune visite domiciliaire ne peut avoir lieu que dans les cas prévus par la loi et dans la forme qu'elle prescrit. Article 22 Chacun a droit au respect de sa vie privée et familiale, sauf dans les cas et conditions fixés par la loi. La loi, le décret ou la règle visée à l'article 134 garantissent la protection de ce droit.Article 29Le secret des lettres est inviolable. La loi détermine quels sont les agents responsables de la violation du secret des lettres confiées à la poste.

  • Latvijas Republikas Satversme
    Country:
    Latvia

    96. Ikvienam ir tiesības uz privātās dzīves, mājokļa un korespondences neaizskaramību.110. Valsts aizsargā un atbalsta laulību — savienību starp vīrieti un sievieti, ģimeni, vecāku un bērna tiesības. Valsts īpaši palīdz bērniem invalīdiem, bērniem, kas palikuši bez vecāku gādības vai cietuši no varmācības.

  • Lietuvos Respublikos civilinis kodeksas
    Country:
    Lithuania

      2.23 straipsnis. Teisė į privatų gyvenimą ir jo slaptumą 1. Fizinio asmens privatus gyvenimas neliečiamas. Informacija apie asmens privatų gyvenimą gali būti skelbiama tik jo sutikimu. Po asmens mirties tokį sutikimą gali duoti jo sutuoktinis, tėvai ar vaikai. 2. Privataus gyvenimo paţeidimu laikomas neteisėtas įėjimas į asmens gyvenamąsias ir kitokias patalpas, aptvertą privačią teritoriją, neteisėtas asmens stebėjimas, neteisėtas asmens ar jo turto apieškojimas, asmens telefoninių pokalbių, susirašinėjimo ar kitokios korespondencijos bei asmeninių uţrašų ir informacijos konfidencialumo paţeidimas, duomenų apie asmens sveikatos būklę paskelbimas paţeidţiant įstatymų nustatytą tvarką bei kitokie neteisėti veiksmai. 3. Draudţiama rinkti informaciją apie privatų asmens gyvenimą paţeidţiant įstatymus. Asmuo turi teisę susipaţinti su apie jį surinkta informacija, išskyrus įstatymų nustatytas išimtis. Draudţiama skleisti surinktą informaciją apie asmens privatų gyvenimą, nebent, atsiţvelgiant į asmens einamas pareigas ar padėtįvisuomenėje, tokios informacijos skleidimas atitinka teisėtą ir pagrįstą visuomenės interesą tokią informaciją ţinoti. 4. Privataus asmens gyvenimo duomenų, nors ir atitinkančių tikrovę, paskelbimas, taip pat asmeninio susirašinėjimo paskelbimas paţeidţiant šio straipsnio 1 ir 3 dalyse nustatytą tvarką, taip pat įėjimas į asmens gyvenamąjį būstą be jo sutikimo, išskyrus įstatymų numatytas išimtis, asmens privataus gyvenimo stebėjimas ar informacijos rinkimas apie jį paţeidţiant įstatymą bei kiti neteisėti veiksmai, kuriais paţeidţiama teisė į privatų gyvenimą, yra pagrindas pareikšti ieškinį dėl tokiais veiksmais padarytos turtinės ir neturtinės ţalos atlyginimo. 5. Šio straipsnio 1 ir 3 dalyse numatyti apribojimai, susiję su informacijos apie asmenį skelbimu ir rinkimu, netaikomi, kai tai daroma motyvuotu teismo sprendimu 2.24 straipsnis. Asmens garbės ir orumo gynimas[…]6. Paskleidęs tikrovės neatitinkančius duomenis asmuo atleidţiamas nuo civilinės atsakomybės, jeigu tie duomenys yra paskelbti apie viešą asmenį bei jo valstybinę ar visuomeninę veiklą, o juos paskelbęs asmuo įrodo, kad jis veikė sąţiningai siekdamas supaţindinti visuomenę su tuo asmeniu ir jo veikla.

  • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
    Country:
    Lithuania

    22 straipsnis. Žmogaus privatus gyvenimas neliečiamas. Asmens susirašinėjimas, pokalbiai telefonu, telegrafo pranešimai ir kitoks susižinojimas neliečiami. Informacija apie privatų asmens gyvenimą gali būti renkama tik motyvuotu teismo sprendimu ir tik pagal įstatymą. Įstatymas ir teismas saugo, kad niekas nepatirtų savavališko ar neteisėto kišimosi į jo asmeninį ir šeimyninį gyvenimą, kėsinimosi į jo garbę ir orumą. 24 straipsnis Žmogaus būstas neliečiamas. Be gyventojo sutikimo įeiti į būstą neleidžiama kitaip, kaip tik teismo sprendimu arba įstatymo nustatyta tvarka tada, kai reikia garantuoti viešąją tvarką, sulaikyti nusikaltėlį, gelbėti žmogaus gyvybę, sveikatą ar turtą.

  • Luxembourg / Constitution of the Grand Ducal of Luxembourg
    Country:
    Luxembourg

    Art. 15. ... (4) Toute personne a le droit de fonder une famille. 

    Toute personne a droit au respect de sa vie familiale. 

    ...

    Art. 20. Toute personne a droit au respect de sa vie privée.

    Art. 21. Le domicile est inviolable. Aucune visite domiciliaire ne peut avoir lieu que dans les cas prévus et dans la forme déterminée par la loi.

    ...

    Art 30. Toute personne a droit à l’inviolabilité de ses communications. Aucune restriction ne peut être apportée à ce droit, sauf dans les cas prévus par la loi et sous les conditions et contrôles qu’elle détermine.

  • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
    Country:
    Hungary

    L) cikk (Alapvetés) (1) Magyarország védi a házasság intézményét mint férfi és nő között, önkéntes elhatározás alapján létrejött életközösséget, valamint a családot mint a nemzet fennmaradásának alapját. (2) Magyarország támogatja a gyermekvállalást. (3) A családok védelmét sarkalatos törvény szabályozza. VI. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Mindenkinek joga van ahhoz, hogy magán- és családi életét, otthonát, kapcsolattartását és jó hírnevét tiszteletben tartsák. [...] XVI. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Minden gyermeknek joga van a megfelelő testi, szellemi és erkölcsi fejlődéséhez szükséges védelemhez és gondoskodáshoz. (2) A szülőknek joguk van megválasztani a gyermekűknek adandó nevelést. (3) A szülők kötelesek kiskorú gyermekükről gondoskodni. E kötelezettség magában foglalja gyermekük taníttatását. (4) A nagykorú gyermekek kötelesek rászoruló szüleikről gondoskodni

  • Netherlands / Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
    Country:
    Netherlands

    Article 10 1. Everyone shall have the right to respect for his privacy, without prejudice to restrictions laid down by or pursuant to Act of Parliament. 2. Rules to protect privacy shall be laid down by Act of Parliament in connection with the recording and dissemination of personal data. 3. Rules concerning the rights of persons to be informed of data recorded concerning them and of the use that is made thereof, and to have such data corrected shall be laid down by Act of Parliament.

     

    Article 12 1. Entry into a home against the will of the occupant shall be permitted only in the cases laid down by or pursuant to Act of Parliament, by those designated for the purpose by or pursuant to Act of Parliament. 2. Prior identification and notice of purpose shall be required in order to enter a home under the preceding paragraph, subject to the exceptions prescribed by Act of Parliament. 3. A written report of the entry shall be issued to the occupant as soon as possible. If the entry was made in the interests of state security or criminal proceedings, the issue of the report may be postponed under rules to be laid down by Act of Parliament. A report need not be issued in cases, to be determined by Act of Parliament, where such issue would never be in the interests of state security.

     

    Article 13 1. Everyone shall have the right to respect for the privacy of his correspondence and telecommunications. 2. This right may be restricted in the cases laid down by Act of Parliament with the authorisation of the courts or, in the interests of state security, by or with the authorisation of those designated for the purpose by Act of Parliament.

  • Portugal / Constitution of the Portuguese Republic
    Country:
    Portugal

    Article 26 (Other personal rights) (1) Everyone shall possess the right to a personal identity, to the development of their personality, to civil capacity, to citizenship, to a good name and reputation, to their likeness, to speak out, to protect the privacy of their personal and family life, and to legal protection against any form of discrimination. (2) The law shall lay down effective guarantees against the procurement and misuse of information concerning persons and families and its use contrary to human dignity.
    ...
    Article 34 (Inviolability of home and correspondence) (1) Domiciles and the secrecy of correspondence and other means of private communication shall be inviolable. (2) Entry into a citizen’s home may only be ordered by the competent judicial authority and then only in such cases and in compliance with such forms as may be laid down by law. (3) No one shall enter any person’s home at night without his consent, save in situations of flagrante delicto, or with judicial authorisation in cases of especially violent or highly organised crime, including terrorism and trafficking in persons, arms or narcotics, as laid down by law. (4) The public authorities shall be prohibited from interfering in any way with correspondence, telecommunications or other means of communication, save in such cases as the law may provide for in relation to criminal proceedings.

  • Romania / Constitution of Romania
    Country:
    Romania

    Article 26(1) The public authorities shall respect and protect the intimate, family and private life. (...)

    Article 27(1) The domicile and the residence are inviolable. No one shall enter or remain in the domicile or residence of a person without his consent. (2) An exemption from the provisions of paragraph (1) can operate, according to the law, for the following instances: a) carrying into execution a warrant for arrest or a court decree; b) removing a risk to someone's life, physical integrity, or a person's assets; c) defending national security or public order; d) preventing the spread of an epidemic. (3) Searches shall only be ordered by a judge and carried out under the terms and forms stipulated by the law. (4) Searches during the night shall be forbidden, except for crimes in flagrante delicto.

    Article 28 Secrecy of the letters, telegrams and other postal communications, of telephone conversations, and of any other legal means of communication is inviolable.

    Article 30...(6) Freedom of expression shall not be prejudicial to the dignity, honour, privacy of a person, and to the right to one's own image.

  • Slovakia / Constitution of the Slovak Republic
    Country:
    Slovakia

    Article 16 (1) The right of every individual to integrity and privacy shall be guaranteed. This right may be restricted only in cases specifically provided by a law. (...)

    Article 19 (1) Everyone has the right to the preservation of human dignity, personal honour, reputation and the protection of good name. (2) Everyone has the right to protection against unauthorized interference in private and family life.

    Article 21 (1) A person's home is inviolable. It may not be entered without the resident's consent. (2) A house search is admissible only in connection with criminal proceedings and only on the basis of written order of the judge. The method of carrying out a house search shall be laid down by law. (3) Other infringements upon the inviolability of one's home may be permitted by law only if it is necessary in a democratic society in order to protect people’s lives, health, or property, to protect the rights and freedoms of others, or to prevent a serious threat to public order. If the home is used also for business, or to perform other economic activity, such infringements may be permitted by law also when this is necessary to the discharge of the tasks of public administration.

    Article 22(1) The privacy of letters, and secrecy of mailed messages and other written documents and the protection of personal data is guaranteed. (2) No one may violate the privacy of letters and the secrecy of other written documents and records, whether they are kept in privacy, or sent by mail or in any other way, with exception of cases which shall be laid down by law. Equally guaranteed is the secrecy of messages conveyed by telephone, telegraph, or other similar means.

  • Slovenia / Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia
    Country:
    Slovenia

    Article 35 The inviolability of the physical and mental integrity of every person, his privacy and personality rights shall be guaranteed.

    Article 36 Dwellings are inviolable. No one may, without a court order, enter the dwelling or other premises of another person, nor may he search the same, against the will of the resident. Any person whose dwelling or other premises are searched has the right to be present or to have a representative present. Such a search may only be conducted in the presence of two witnesses. Subject to conditions provided by law, an official may enter the dwelling or other premises of another person without a court order, and may in exceptional circumstances conduct a search in the absence of witnesses, where this is absolutely necessary for the direct apprehension of a person who has committed a criminal offence or to protect people or property.

    Article 37 The privacy of correspondence and other means of communication shall be guaranteed. Only a law may prescribe that on the basis of a court order the protection of the privacy of correspondence and other means of communication and the inviolability of personal privacy be suspended for a set time where such is necessary for the institution or course of criminal proceedings or for reasons of national security. Article 38 The protection of personal data shall be guaranteed. The use of personal data contrary to the purpose for which it was collected is prohibited. The collection, processing, designated use, supervision, and protection of the confidentiality of personal data shall be provided by law. Everyone has the right of access to the collected personal data that relates to him and the right to judicial protection in the event of any abuse of such data.

  • Spain / Constitution of the Kingdom of Spain
    Country:
    Spain

    Article 18 (1).The right to honour, to personal and family privacy and to the own image is guaranteed. 2. The home is inviolable. No entry or search may be made without the consent of the householder or a legal warrant, except in cases of flagrante delicto. 3.Secrecy of communications is guaranteed, particularly regarding postal, telegraphic and telephonic communications, except in the event of a court order. 4. The law shall restrict the use of data processing in order to guarantee the honour and personal and family privacy of citizens and the full exercise of their rights.

  • Suomen perustuslaki
    Country:
    Finland

    10 § Yksityiselämän suoja Jokaisen yksityiselämä, kunnia ja kotirauha on turvattu. Henkilötietojen suojasta säädetään tarkemmin lailla. Kirjeen, puhelun ja muun luottamuksellisen viestin salaisuus on loukkaamaton. Lailla voidaan säätää perusoikeuksien turvaamiseksi tai rikosten selvittämiseksi välttämättömistä kotirauhan piiriin ulottuvista toimenpiteistä. Lailla voidaan säätää lisäksi välttämättömistä rajoituksista viestin salaisuuteen yksilön tai yhteiskunnan turvallisuutta taikka kotirauhaa vaarantavien rikosten tutkinnassa, oikeudenkäynnissä ja turvallisuustarkastuksessa sekä vapaudenmenetyksen aikana.

  • The Belgian Constitution
    Country:
    Belgium

    Article 15. One’s home is inviolable;no house search may take place except in the cases provided for by the law and in the form prescribed by the law. Article22. Everyone has the right to the respect of his private and family life, except in the cases and conditions determined by law. The laws, federate laws and rules referred to in Article 134 guarantee the protection of this right. Article 29.The confidentiality of letters is inviolable. The law determines which officials may violate the confidentiality of letters entrustedto the postal service.

  • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
    Country:
    Cyprus

    Article 15
    1. Every person has the right to respect for his private and family life.
    2. There shall be no interference with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or for the protection of the rights and liberties guaranteed by this Constitution to any person or in the interests of transparency in public life or for the purpose of taking measures against corruption in public life. Article 16
    1. Every person's dwelling house is inviolable.
    2. There shall be no entry in any dwelling house or any search therein except when and as provided by law and on a judicial warrant duly reasoned or when the entry is made with the express consent of its occupant or for the purpose of rescuing the victims of any offence of violence or of any disaster.
    Article 17
    1. Every person has the right to respect for, and to the secrecy of, his correspondence and other communication if such other communication is made through means not prohibited by law.
    2. There shall be no interference with the exercise of this right, unless such interference is permitted under the law, in the following cases:
    A. Of persons remanded or imprisoned.
    B. Following a court order issued pursuant to the provisions of the law, upon an application by the Attorney-General of the Republic, and the interference constitutes a measure which is necessary in a democratic society only in the interests of the security of the Republic or for the prevention, investigation or prosecution of the following serious criminal offences:
    a. Premeditated murder or homicide,
    b. trafficking in adults or minors and offences relating to child pornography,
    c. trade, supply, cultivation or production of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or dangerous drugs,
    d. offences relating to coin or bank note of the Republic, and
    e. offences relating to corruption in respect of which, in case of conviction, a sentence of imprisonment of five years or more is foreseen.
    C. Following a court order issued in accordance with the provisions of the law, for the investigation or prosecution of a serious criminal offence in respect of which in case of conviction, a sentence of imprisonment of five years or more is foreseen and the interference concerns access to relevant electronic communication data of movement and position and to relevant data which are necessary for the identification of the subscriber or and the user.

  • The Constitutional Act of Denmark
    Country:
    Denmark

    Section 72. The dwelling shall be inviolable. No house search, seizure, and examination of letters and other papers, or any breach of the secrecy that shall be observed in postal, telegraph, and telephone matters, shall take place except under a judicial order, unless particular exception is warranted by statute.

  • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
    Country:
    Hungary

    Article L (Foundation) (1) Hungary shall protect the institution of marriage as the union of a man and a woman established by voluntary decision, and the family as the basis of the survival of the nation. Family ties shall be based on marriage or the relationship between parents and children.
    (2) Hungary shall support the commitment to have children. (3) The protection of families shall be regulated by a cardinal Act. Article VI (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Everyone shall have the right to have his or her private and family life, home,
    communications and good reputation respected. (...) Article XVI (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Every child shall have the right to the potection and care necessary for his or her proper physical, mental and moral development. (2) Parents shall have the right to choose the upbringing to be given to their children. (3) Parents shall be obliged to take care of their minor children. This obligation shall include the provision of schooling for their children. (4) Adult children shall be obliged to take care of their parents if they are in need.

  • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
    Country:
    Cyprus

    ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 15:
    1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα όπως η ιδιωτική και οικογενειακή αυτού ζωή τυγχάνη σεβασμού.
    2. Δεν χωρεί επέμβασις κατά την άσκησιν του δικαιώματος τούτου, ειμή τοιαύτη οία θα ήτο σύμφωνος προς τον νόμον και αναγκαία μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή της προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων και των ελευθεριών των υπό του Συντάγματος ηγγυημένων εις παν πρόσωπον ή προς το συμφέρον της διαφάνειας στη δημόσια ζωή ή για σκοπούς λήψης μέτρων εναντίον της διαφθοράς στη δημόσια ζωή. ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 16:
    1. Η κατοικία εκάστου είναι απαραβίαστος.
    2. Η είσοδος εις οιανδήποτε κατοικίαν ή οιαδήποτε έρευνα εντός αυτής δεν επιτρέπεται, ειμή ότε και όπως ο νόμος ορίζη και κατόπιν δικαστικού εντάλματος δεόντως ητιολογημένου ή οσάκις η είσοδος ενεργήται τη ρητή συναινέσει του ενοίκου ή προς τον σκοπόν διασώσεων θυμάτων οιουδήποτε αδικήματος βίας ή οιασδήποτε καταστροφής.
    AΡΘΡΟ 17: 1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα σεβασμού και διασφαλίσεως του απορρήτου της αλληλογραφίας ως και πάσης άλλης επικοινωνίας αυτού, εφ’ όσον η τοιαύτη επικοινωνία διεξάγεται διά μέσων μη απαγορευομένων υπό του νόμου.
    2. Δε χωρεί επέμβαση κατά την άσκηση του δικαιώματος τούτου, εκτός αν η επέμβαση αυτή επιτρέπεται σύμφωνα με το νόμο, στις ακόλουθες περιπτώσεις:
    Α. Προσώπων που τελούν υπό φυλάκιση ή προφυλάκιση.
    Β. Κατόπιν δικαστικού διατάγματος που εκδόθηκε σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις του νόμου, μετά από αίτηση του Γενικού Εισαγγελέα της Δημοκρατίας, και η επέμβαση αποτελεί μέτρο το οποίο σε μια δημοκρατική κοινωνία είναι αναγκαίο μόνο προς το συμφέρον της ασφάλειας της Δημοκρατίας ή την αποτροπή, διερεύνηση ή δίωξη των ακόλουθων σοβαρών ποινικών αδικημάτων:
    (α) Φόνος εκ προμελέτης ή ανθρωποκτονία,
    (β) εμπορία ενηλίκων ή ανηλίκων προσώπων και αδικήματα που σχετίζονται με την παιδική πορνογραφία,
    (γ) εμπορία, προμήθεια, καλλιέργεια ή παραγωγή ναρκωτικών φαρμάκων, ψυχοτρόπων ουσιών ή επικίνδυνων φαρμάκων,
    (δ) αδικήματα που σχετίζονται με το νόμισμα ή το χαρτονόμισμα της Δημοκρατίας και
    (ε) αδικήματα διαφθοράς για τα οποία προβλέπεται, σε περίπτωση καταδίκης, ποινή φυλάκισης πέντε ετών και άνω.
    Γ. Κατόπιν δικαστικού διατάγματος, που εκδόθηκε σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις του νόμου, για τη διερεύνηση ή δίωξη σοβαρού ποινικού αδικήματος για το οποίο προβλέπεται, σε περίπτωση καταδίκης, ποινή φυλάκισης πέντε ετών και άνω και η επέμβαση αφορά πρόσβαση στα σχετικά με ηλεκτρονική επικοινωνία δεδομένα κίνησης και θέσης και στα συναφή δεδομένα που είναι αναγκαία για την αναγνώριση του συνδρομητή ή και του χρήστη.

  • Το Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας
    Country:
    Greece

    Άρθρο 9 (1). H κατoικία τoυ καθενός είναι άσυλo. H ιδιωτική και oικoγενειακή ζωή τoυ ατόμoυ είναι απαραβίαστη. Kαμία έρευνα δεν γίνεται σε κατoικία, παρά μόνo όταν και όπως oρίζει o νόμoς και πάντoτε με την παρoυσία εκπρoσώπων της δικαστικής εξoυσίας. (2). Oι παραβάτες της πρoηγoύμενης διάταξης τιμωρoύνται για παραβίαση τoυ oικιακoύ ασύλoυ και για κατάχρηση εξoυσίας και υπoχρεoύνται σε πλήρη απoζημίωση τoυ παθόντoς, όπως νόμoς oρίζει.

EU Law

26 results found

  • Directive 2013/48/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant proceedings

    Preamble 

    (1) Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the  European Union (the Charter), Article 6 of the European  Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and  Fundamental Freedoms (the ECHR) and Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (the ICCPR) enshrine the right to a fair trial. Article 48(2) of the Charter guarantees respect for the rights of the defence.


    (12) This Directive lays down minimum rules concerning the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in proceedings for the execution of a European arrest warrant pursuant to Council Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA of 13 June 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States (European arrest warrant proceedings) and the right to have a third party informed upon deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty. In doing so, it promotes the application of the Charter, in particular Articles 4, 6, 7, 47 and 48 thereof, by building upon Articles 3, 5, 6 and 8 ECHR, as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights, which, in its case-law, on an ongoing basis, sets standards on the right of access to a lawyer. That case-law provides, inter alia, that the fairness of proceedings requires that a suspect or accused person be able to obtain the whole range of services specifically associated with legal assistance. In that regard, the lawyers of suspects or accused persons should be able to secure without restriction, the fundamental aspects of the defence.

    (52) This Directive upholds the fundamental rights and principles recognised by the Charter, including the prohibition of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment, the right to liberty and security, respect for private and family life, the right to the integrity of the person, the rights of the child, integration of persons with disabilities, the right to an effective remedy and the right to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and the rights of the defence. This Directive should be implemented in accordance with those rights and principles.

    Article 1: Subject matter

    This Directive lays down minimum rules concerning the rights of suspects and accused persons in criminal proceedings and of persons subject to proceedings pursuant to Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA (‘European arrest warrant proceedings’) to have access to a lawyer, to have a third party informed of the deprivation of liberty and to communicate with third persons and with consular authorities while deprived of liberty.

    Article 11: Legal aid

    This Directive is without prejudice to national law in relation to legal aid, which shall apply in accordance with the Charter and the ECHR.

     
  • Regulation (EU) 2021/692 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing the Citizens, Equality, Rights and Values Programme and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1381/2013 of the European Parliament

    Article 1

    Subject matter

    This Regulation establishes the Citizens, Equality, Rights and Values Programme (the ‘Programme’) for the duration of the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027, as laid down in Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2020/2093.

    It lays down the objectives of the Programme, the budget for the period 2021–2027, the forms of Union funding and the rules for providing such funding.

  • Communication on a New Pact on Migration and Asylum

    Migration has been a constant feature of human history with a profound impact on European society, its economy and its culture. With a well-managed system, migration can contribute to growth, innovation and social dynamism. Key societal challenges faced by the world today – demography, climate change, security, the global race for talent, and inequality – all have an impact on migration. Policy imperatives such as free movement in the Schengen area, safeguarding fundamental rights, ensuring security, and filling skills gaps, all call for an effective migration policy. The task facing the EU and its Member States, while continuing to address urgent needs, is to build a system that manages and normalises migration for the long term and which is fully grounded in European values and international law.

    ...

  • Directive 2014/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the conditions of entry and stay of third-country nationals for the purpose of employment as seasonal workers

    Preamble

    ‘(46) Third-country national seasonal workers should be granted equal treatment in respect of those branches of social security listed in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (13). This Directive does not harmonise the social security legislation of Member States and does not cover social assistance. It is limited to applying the principle of equal treatment in the field of social security to the persons falling within its scope. This Directive should not confer more rights than those already provided in existing Union legislation in the field of social security for third-country nationals who have cross-border interests between Member States.
    Due to the temporary nature of the stay of seasonal workers and without prejudice to Regulation (EU) No 1231/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council (14), Member States should be able to exclude family benefits and unemployment benefits from equal treatment between seasonal workers and their own nationals and should be able to limit the application of equal treatment in relation to education and vocational training, as well as tax benefits.
    This Directive does not provide for family reunification. Furthermore, this Directive does not grant rights in relation to situations which lie outside the scope of Union law such as, for example, situations where family members reside in a third country. That should not, however, affect the right of survivors who derive rights from the seasonal worker to receive survivor’s pensions when residing in a third country. This should be without prejudice to the non-discriminatory application by Member States of national law providing for de minimis rules on contributions to pension systems. Mechanisms should be in place in order to ensure effective social security coverage during the stay and the exporting of acquired rights of the seasonal workers, where applicable.
    (47) Union law does not limit the power of the Member States to organise their social security schemes. In the absence of harmonisation at Union level, it is for each Member State to lay down the conditions under which social security benefits are granted, as well as the amount of such benefits and the period for which they are granted. However, when exercising that power, Member States should comply with Union law.‘

    (52) This Directive respects the fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, in particular, Articles 7, 15(3), 17, 27, 28, 31 and 33(2) thereof, in accordance with Article 6 TEU

    Article 23 - Right to equal treatment

    ‘1. Seasonal workers shall be entitled to equal treatment with nationals of the host Member State at least with regard to:
    (a) terms of employment, including the minimum working age, and working conditions, including pay and dismissal, working hours, leave and holidays, as well as health and safety requirements at the workplace;
    (b) the right to strike and take industrial action, in accordance with the host Member State’s national law and practice, and freedom of association and affiliation and membership of an organisation representing workers or of any organisation whose members are engaged in a specific occupation, including the rights and benefits conferred by such organisations, including the right to negotiate and conclude collective agreements, without prejudice to the national provisions on public policy and public security;
    (c) back payments to be made by the employers, concerning any outstanding remuneration to the third-country national;
    (d) branches of social security, as defined in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004;
    (e) access to goods and services and the supply of goods and services made available to the public, except housing, without prejudice to the freedom of contract in accordance with Union and national law;
    (f) advice services on seasonal work afforded by employment offices;
    (g) education and vocational training;
    (h) recognition of diplomas, certificates and other professional qualifications in accordance with the relevant national procedures;
    (i) tax benefits, in so far as the seasonal worker is deemed to be resident for tax purposes in the Member State concerned.
    Seasonal workers moving to a third country, or the survivors of such seasonal workers residing in a third-country deriving rights from the seasonal worker, shall receive statutory pensions based on the seasonal worker’s previous employment and acquired in accordance with the legislation set out in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 883/2004, under the same conditions and at the same rates as the nationals of the Member States concerned when they move to a third country.
    2. Member States may restrict equal treatment:
    (i) under point (d) of the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 by excluding family benefits and unemployment benefits, without prejudice to Regulation (EU) No 1231/2010;
    (ii) under point (g) of the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 by limiting its application to education and vocational training which is directly linked to the specific employment activity and by excluding study and maintenance grants and loans or other grants and loans;
    (iii) under point (i) of the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 with respect to tax benefits by limiting its application to cases where the registered or usual place of residence of the family members of the seasonal worker for whom he/she claims benefits, lies in the territory of the Member State concerned.
    3. The right to equal treatment provided for in paragraph 1 shall be without prejudice to the right of the Member State to withdraw or to refuse to extend or renew the authorisation for the purpose of seasonal work in accordance with Articles 9 and 15.‘

  • Regulation (EU) No 524/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on online dispute resolution for consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC

    Preamble:

    (1) Article 169(1) and point (a) of Article 169(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) provide that the Union is to contribute to the attainment of a high level of consumer protection through measures adopted pursuant to Article 114 TFEU. Article 38 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union provides that Union policies are to ensure a high level of consumer protection.

    (2) In accordance with Article 26(2) TFEU, the internal market is to comprise an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods and services is ensured. In order for consumers to have confidence in and benefit from the digital dimension of the internal market, it is necessary that they have access to simple, efficient, fast and low-cost ways of resolving disputes which arise from the sale of goods or the supply of services online. This is particularly important when consumers shop cross-border.‘

    (4) Fragmentation of the internal market impedes efforts to boost competitiveness and growth. Furthermore, the uneven availability, quality and awareness of simple, efficient, fast and low-cost means of resolving disputes arising from the sale of goods or provision of services across the Union constitutes a barrier within the internal market which undermines consumers’ and traders’ confidence in shopping and selling across borders.‘

    (13) The definition of ‘consumer’ should cover natural persons who are acting outside their trade, business, craft or profession. However, if the contract is concluded for purposes partly within and partly outside the person’s trade (dual purpose contracts) and the trade purpose is so limited as not to be predominant in the overall context of the supply, that person should also be considered as a consumer.‘

    (14) The definition of ‘online sales or service contract’ should cover a sales or service contract where the trader, or the trader’s intermediary, has offered goods or services through a website or by other electronic means and the consumer has ordered those goods or services on that website or by other electronic means. This should also cover cases where the consumer has accessed the website or other information society service through a mobile electronic device such as a mobile telephone.

    (26) The right to an effective remedy and the right to a fair trial are fundamental rights laid down in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. ODR is not intended to and cannot be designed to replace court procedures, nor should it deprive consumers or traders of their rights to seek redress before the courts. This Regulation should not, therefore, prevent parties from exercising their right of access to the judicial system.

    (35) This Regulation respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and specifically Articles 7, 8, 38 and 47 thereof.

    Article 1: Subject matter
    The purpose of this Regulation is, through the achievement of a high level of consumer protection, to contribute to the proper functioning of the internal market, and in particular of its digital dimension by providing a European ODR platform (‘ODR platform’) facilitating the independent, impartial, transparent, effective, fast and fair out-of-court resolution of disputes between consumers and traders online.

    Article 12: Processing of personal data

    1. Access to information, including personal data, related to a dispute and stored in the database referred to in Article 11 shall be granted, for the purposes referred to in Article 10, only to the ADR entity to which the dispute was transmitted in accordance with Article 9. Access to the same information shall be granted also to ODR contact points, in so far as it is necessary, for the purposes referred to in Article 7(2) and (4).

    2. The Commission shall have access to information processed in accordance with Article 10 for the purposes of monitoring the use and functioning of the ODR platform and drawing up the reports referred to in Article 21. It shall process personal data of the users of the ODR platform in so far as it is necessary for the operation and maintenance of the ODR platform, including for the purposes of monitoring the use of the ODR platform by ADR entities and ODR contact points.

    3. Personal data related to a dispute shall be kept in the database referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article only for the time necessary to achieve the purposes for which they were collected and to ensure that data subjects are able to access their personal data in order to exercise their rights, and shall be automatically deleted, at the latest, six months after the date of conclusion of the dispute which has been transmitted to the ODR platform in accordance with point (iii) of point (c) of Article 10. That retention period shall also apply to personal data kept in national files by the ADR entity or the ODR contact point which dealt with the dispute concerned, except if the procedural rules applied by the ADR entity or any specific provisions of national law provide for a longer retention period.

    4. Each ODR advisor shall be regarded as a controller with respect to its data processing activities under this Regulation, in accordance with point (d) of Article 2 of Directive 95/46/EC, and shall ensure that those activities comply with national legislation adopted pursuant to Directive 95/46/EC in the Member State of the ODR contact point hosting the ODR advisor.

    5. Each ADR entity shall be regarded as a controller with respect to its data processing activities under this Regulation, in accordance with point (d) of Article 2 of Directive 95/46/EC, and shall ensure that those activities comply with national legislation adopted pursuant to Directive 95/46/EC in the Member State where the ADR entity is established.

    6. In relation to its responsibilities under this Regulation and the processing of personal data involved therein, the Commission shall be regarded as a controller in accordance with point (d) of Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.

    Article 13: Data confidentiality and security

    1. ODR contact points shall be subject to rules of professional secrecy or other equivalent duties of confidentiality laid down in the legislation of the Member State concerned.

    2. The Commission shall take the appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure the security of information processed under this Regulation, including appropriate data access control, a security plan and a security incident management, in accordance with Article 22 of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001.

    Article 14: Consumer information

    1. Traders established within the Union engaging in online sales or service contracts, and online marketplaces established within the Union, shall provide on their websites an electronic link to the ODR platform. That link shall be easily accessible for consumers. Traders established within the Union engaging in online sales or service contracts shall also state their e-mail addresses.

    2. Traders established within the Union engaging in online sales or service contracts, which are committed or obliged to use one or more ADR entities to resolve disputes with consumers, shall inform consumers about the existence of the ODR platform and the possibility of using the ODR platform for resolving their disputes. They shall provide an electronic link to the ODR platform on their websites and, if the offer is made by e-mail, in that e-mail. The information shall also be provided, where applicable, in the general terms and conditions applicable to online sales and service contracts.

    3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be without prejudice to Article 13 of Directive 2013/11/EU and the provisions on consumer information on out-of-court redress procedures contained in other Union legal acts, which shall apply in addition to this Article.

    4. The list of ADR entities referred to in Article 20(4) of Directive 2013/11/EU and its updates shall be published in the ODR platform.

    5. Member States shall ensure that ADR entities, the centres of the European Consumer Centres Network, the competent authorities defined in Article 18(1) of Directive 2013/11/EU, and, where appropriate, the bodies designated in accordance with Article 14(2) of Directive 2013/11/EU provide an electronic link to the ODR platform.

    6. Member States shall encourage consumer associations and business associations to provide an electronic link to the ODR platform.

    7. When traders are obliged to provide information in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 2 and with the provisions referred to in paragraph 3, they shall, where possible, provide that information together.

  • Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2001/220/JHA

    Preamble:

    (14) In applying this Directive, children's best interests must be a primary consideration, in accordance with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted on 20 November 1989. Child victims should be considered and treated as the full bearers of rights set out in this Directive and should be entitled to exercise those rights in a manner that takes into account their capacity to form their own views.
    (16) Victims of terrorism have suffered attacks that are intended ultimately to harm society. They may therefore need special attention, support and protection due to the particular nature of the crime that has been committed against them. Victims of terrorism can be under significant public scrutiny and often need social recognition and respectful treatment by society. Member States should therefore take particular account of the needs of victims of terrorism, and should seek to protect their dignity and security.’
    ‘(38) [...] A main task of these services and their staff, which play an important role in supporting the victim to recover from and overcome potential harm or trauma as a result of a criminal offence, should be to inform victims about the rights set out in this Directive so that they can take decisions in a supportive environment that treats them with dignity, respect and sensitivity. The types of support that such specialist support services should offer could include providing shelter and safe accommodation, immediate medical support, referral to medical and forensic examination for evidence in cases of rape or sexual assault, short and long-term psychological counselling, trauma care, legal advice, advocacy and specific services for children as direct or indirect victims.’
    ‘(52) Measures should be available to protect the safety and dignity of victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, such as interim injunctions or protection or restraining orders.’

    (66) This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In particular, it seeks to promote the right to dignity, life, physical and mental integrity, liberty and security, respect for private and family life, the right to property, the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of equality between women and men, the rights of the child, the elderly and persons with disabilities, and the right to a fair trial.

    Article 18 - Right to protection
    ‘Without prejudice to the rights of the defence, Member States shall ensure that measures are available to protect victims and their family members from secondary and repeat victimisation, from intimidation and from retaliation, including against the risk of emotional or psychological harm, and to protect the dignity of victims during questioning and when testifying. When necessary, such measures shall also include procedures established under national law for the physical protection of victims and their family members.’

International Law

8 results found

  • Parliamentary Assembly Resolution 2243 (2018) on Family reunification of refugees and migrants in the Council of Europe member States

    1. The Parliamentary Assembly is deeply concerned about growing political discourse and action against foreigners, which are a real threat to the protection of refugees and in particular their family life. Families must not be torn apart and should not be prevented from reuniting after an often dangerous and challenging departure from their country of origin, where their fundamental rights to safety and security were threatened.

    ...

  • European Convention on Human Rights - Article 8

    Article 8 – Right to respect for private and family life

    1. Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence.

    2. There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.

  • Convention on the Rights of the Child

    Article 16

    1. No child shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his or her honour and reputation.

    2. The child has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

  • Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women

    Article 16

    1. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in all matters relating to marriage and family relations and in particular shall ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women:

    (a) The same right to enter into marriage;

    (b) The same right freely to choose a spouse and to enter into marriage only with their free and full consent;

    (c) The same rights and responsibilities during marriage and at its dissolution;

    (d) The same rights and responsibilities as parents, irrespective of their marital status, in matters relating to their children; in all cases the interests of the children shall be paramount;

    (e) The same rights to decide freely and responsibly on the number and spacing of their children and to have access to the information, education and means to enable them to exercise these rights;

    (f) The same rights and responsibilities with regard to guardianship, wardship, trusteeship and adoption of children, or similar institutions where these concepts exist in national legislation; in all cases the interests of the children shall be paramount;

    (g) The same personal rights as husband and wife, including the right to choose a family name, a profession and an occupation;

    (h) The same rights for both spouses in respect of the ownership, acquisition, management, administration, enjoyment and disposition of property, whether free of charge or for a valuable consideration.

    2. The betrothal and the marriage of a child shall have no legal effect, and all necessary action, including legislation, shall be taken to specify a minimum age for marriage and to make the registration of marriages in an official registry compulsory.

  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

    Article 17

    1. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation.

    2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

  • Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities - Article 22

    Article 22 – Respect for privacy

    1. No person with disabilities, regardless of place of residence or living arrangements, shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his or her privacy, family, home or correspondence or other types of communication or to unlawful attacks on his or her honour and reputation. Persons with disabilities have the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

    2. States Parties shall protect the privacy of personal, health and rehabilitation information of persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others.

  • Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration

    Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2018

  • Human Rights Council Resolution 29/22 (2015) - Protection of the family: contribution of the family to the realization of the right to an adequate standard of living for its members, particularly through its role in poverty eradication and achieving su...

    C. Right to privacy and family life
    ‘34. Article 12 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights provides that “[n]o one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence.” A similar provision is found in Article 17(1) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and in other United Nations instruments. This right has been interpreted broadly, encompassing inter alia the protection against forced evictions, the demolition of homes or property, the destruction of traditional burial grounds, and the expulsion of foreigners. The right to family life also applies in relation to persons deprived of liberty, who should be allowed to communicate with their families, subject only to reasonable restrictions established by law.
    35. The right to family life is reflected in the general preference for preserving the family unit and non-separation of its members, particularly dependent members. The Convention on the Rights of the Child affirms the right of children not to be separated from their parents against their will, except where “necessary for the best interest of the child,” such as in cases of abuse or neglect (art. 9.1), following a judicial determination to this effect. Children deprived of their family environment should be provided alternative care (art. 20), and, whenever possible, to have contact with their parents (art. 9(3)). According to article 23(4) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, in no case shall a child be separated from parents on the basis of a disability of either the child or one or both of the parents.
    36. The Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers and their Families requires States to ensure “the protection of the unity of the families,” including by facilitating the reunification of documented migrants with their spouses and dependent children (art. 44). The Convention on the Rights of the Child urges State Parties to deal with such requests in a “positive, humane and expeditious manner” (art. 10).‘

Publications and data

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    7
    April
    2022
    12 new language versions now available
    04 March 2026
    Children are full-fledged holders of rights. They are beneficiaries of all human and fundamental rights and subjects of special regulations, given their specific characteristics. This handbook aims to illustrate how European law and case law accommodate the specific interests and needs of children. It also considers the importance of parents and guardians or other legal representatives and makes reference, where appropriate, to situations in which rights and responsibilities are most prominently vested in children’s carers. It is a point of reference on both European Union (EU) and Council of Europe (CoE) law related to these subjects, explaining how each issue is regulated under EU law, including the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, as well as under the European Convention on Human Rights, the European Social Charter and other CoE instruments.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    19
    August
    2022
    DA, ET, FI, LT, PT, SV versions now available
    30 July 2024
    The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU) is the EU’s bill of rights. It always binds the EU institutions and the Member States when they act within the scope of EU law. However, it is far from easy to assess whether a concrete case falls within the scope of EU law. This is why it is necessary to provide training and training material to legal professionals so that they can understand the field of application of the Charter as laid out in its Article 51. This trainer’s manual aims at providing guidance on both the organisation and the implementation of such trainings based on a series of case studies,
    which will be extended in the future.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    25
    May
    2018
    Arabic version now available
    18 July 2024
    The rapid development of information technology has exacerbated the need for robust personal data protection, the right to which is safeguarded by both European Union (EU) and Council of Europe (CoE) instruments. Safeguarding this important right entails new and significant challenges as technological advances expand the frontiers of areas such as surveillance, communication interception and data storage. This handbook is designed to familiarise legal practitioners not specialised in data protection with this emerging area of the law.
  • Fundamental Rights Report
    8
    June
    2022
    All language versions now available
    14 September 2022
    The year 2021 brought both progress and setbacks in terms of fundamental rights protection. FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2022 reviews major developments in the field, identifying both achievements and remaining areas of concern. This publication presents FRA’s opinions on the main developments in the thematic areas covered, and a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    8
    March
    2021
    24 language versions now available
    23 November 2021
    This summary presents the main insights from FRA’s second main report based on its Fundamental Rights Survey. The survey collected data from around 35,000 people about their experiences, perceptions and opinions on a range of issues that are variously encompassed by human rights.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    21
    January
    2021
    All language versions now available
    16 April 2021
    National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) are a vital part of the country-level human rights protection system. By raising awareness, providing advice, monitoring and holding authorities to account, they have a central role in navigating the great human rights challenges of our day – tackling both persistent concerns like discrimination and inequality, and novel issues such as the rights implications of artificial intelligence and of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    5
    December
    2018
    Last versions available are EL and NL
    11 March 2021
    This guide explains what profiling is, the legal frameworks that regulate it, and why conducting profiling lawfully is both necessary to comply with fundamental rights and crucial for effective policing and border management. The guide also provides practical guidance on how to avoid unlawful profiling in police and border management operations.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    3
    September
    2020
    Summary version now available
    21 January 2021
    National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) are a vital part of the country-level human rights protection system. This report, published 10 years after FRA’s first in-depth study on NHRIs, looks at such bodies in the EU, as well as the Republic of North Macedonia, the Republic of Serbia, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It explores relevant developments, challenges to their effectiveness and ways to maximise their impact.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    21
    July
    2026
    This is the second bulletin in FRA’s new quarterly series monitoring the situation of migrants, asylum seekers and refugees. It covers key developments and ongoing concerns from 1 April to 30 June 2026.

    Following regular reporting on fundamental rights issues related to migration and asylum from 2015 to 2023, FRA resumed the series in 2026 under the EU's 2024 Asylum and Migration Management Regulation, ahead of the June 2026 implementation of the EU Migration and Asylum Pact. The first bulletin, published in April 2026, covered developments from 1 January 2025 to 31 March 2026.
  • In brief / Factsheet
    30
    June
    2026
    This factsheet examines case law on cross-border child abduction, meaning the unlawful removal of a child from one EU Member State to another. Jointly published by the European Court of Human Rights and the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, it explains how courts handle issues where EU law and human rights law overlap. It highlights key court decisions from the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) to show how these two legal systems work together on issues of child abduction and prioritising the best interests of the child.