Artificial Intelligence comes with both benefits and risks. Safe AI use that accounts for fundamental rights is thus crucial. While the 2024 EU AI Act was a milestone in this regard, its broad definitions regarding AI systems and high-risk AI could introduce loopholes for fundamental rights compliance. This report offers an empirical basis for much-needed practical guidance on the Act’s implementation. Based on interviews with AI developers, sellers, and users, FRA addresses challenges of its use in critical domains, like asylum, education, and employment. Our findings help guide next steps in realising the AI Act’s potential to ensure responsible innovation.
Labour inspectors are essential for enforcing workers’ rights and for detecting and addressing labour exploitation. Together, the European Labour Authority (ELA) and the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) have developed a guide for workplace inspectors on how to detect labour exploitation. This guide is a practical tool for labour inspectors. It focuses on non-national workers in the EU who work in a country other than their own. Such workers are particularly vulnerable to labour exploitation. The guide is also accompanied by a leaflet that summarises the detailed information provided in this guide.
This report examines the fundamental rights and living conditions of Roma and Travellers across 10 EU Member States and
3 accession countries. The survey evaluates progress towards the EU Roma strategic framework’s 2030 objectives, covering areas such as discrimination, poverty, education, employment, health, and housing.
The Fundamental Rights Report 2025 is the annual report of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA). It provides an overview of the state of fundamental rights in the EU and highlights selected critical developments and trends in 2024. The report covers issues such as inclusive elections, gender-based violence, and the implementation of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. It presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, setting out the actions that the EU and Member States should take. This annual publication is a valuable resource for those seeking to stay informed about the EU’s shifting landscape of fundamental rights.
This manual is designed to be used by workplace inspection staff in the Member States. It is intended to empower them to enforce the protective standards in EU law that safeguard the rights of third-country workers, including seasonal workers, migrant workers with temporary permits and migrants in an irregular situation. Third-country workers are nationals who are not from a Member State or from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.
Racism towards Muslims is increasing in countries across the EU. Muslims face racial discrimination and racist harassment because of their religion, skin colour or ethnic background. This report shows a sharp rise since the last survey in 2016.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine forced millions of people to flee. Arriving in EU countries, they received protection in EU law under the Temporary Protection Directive. Many have begun to build a new life in their host country and enrich our societies in new ways. Local authorities took the lead in ensuring access to fundamental rights under temporary protection. This report explores the measures to ensure access to housing, education, employment and healthcare in 26 cities and regional authorities across 12 EU Member States. Despite unprecedented coordination and cooperation to overcome challenges, many uncertainties remain. Longer-term solutions will be needed after the directive expires in March 2025. Based on the information collected, the report identifies 12 priority actions and builds on FRA’s bulletins and survey findings on experiences of people displaced from Ukraine.
FRA's first Being Black in the EU report exposed widespread and entrenched racism against people of African descent in Europe. Now updated with new data, this report revisits the situation revealing persistent racial discrimination, harassment and violence. Overall, experiences of racial discrimination increased in the EU countries since 2016, reaching as high as 77%. The lack of progress is alarming despite binding anti-discrimination law in the EU since 2000 and significant EU policy developments since then.
Integration and social inclusion are important aspects of EU migration and asylum policy. The fundamental rights of long-term residents in the EU are explored through this report, focussing on the Long-Term Residence Directive. EU long-term resident status includes rights to move and reside in other EU Member States. This report examines the reasons behind the low uptake of EU long-term resident permits, despite them typically giving more rights than national long-term resident permits.
In responding to Russia’s war against Ukraine, the EU activated its Temporary Protection Directive (TPD) for people who fled the country, allowing them to settle in the EU and to access basic public services and the labour market. By spring 2023, more than 4.5 million people had made use of the TPD or similar national protection schemes in the EU. In 2022, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights conducted an online survey among people displaced from Ukraine. Eurofound has analysed the survey results on their experiences when seeking to access employment. This paper highlights the main barriers that displaced people encountered and suggests ways to facilitate their inclusion.
Russia’s unprovoked war of aggression against Ukraine has resulted in massive internal and external population displacement. The European Union (EU) rapidly activated its Temporary Protection Directive for the first time since it was adopted in 2001. This entitled nearly 4 million people to legal residence and access to work, housing and legal assistance, education and healthcare.
La guerre d'agression non provoquée de la Russie contre l'Ukraine a entraîné des déplacements massifs de personnes à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du pays. L'Union européenne (UE) a rapidement activé sa directive relative à la protection
temporaire pour la première fois depuis son adoption en 2001. Cela a donné à près de 4 millions de personnes le droit à un séjour régulier et à un accès au travail, au logement, à l'assistance juridique, à l'éducation et aux soins de santé.
FRA’s Fundamental Rights Report 2023 reviews major developments in the field in 2022, identifying both achievements and areas of concern. It also presents FRA’s opinions on these developments, including a synopsis of the evidence supporting these opinions.
Военная агрессия России против Украины вызвала сцены, которые не наблюдались в Европе десятилетиями. С тех пор она привела к гибели людей, огромным разрушениям и невыразимым страданиям. Она также послужила началом массового перемещения людей, не виданного со времен Второй мировой войны. Для их защиты Евросоюз впервые ввел в действие Директиву о временной защите. В этом случае все государства–члены ЕС должны предоставить защиту лицам, перемещенным из Украины.
Vojenská agresia Ruska voči Ukrajine vyvolala situácie, ktoré Európa celé desaťročia nezažila. Odvtedy prináša smrť, spôsobuje rozsiahle ničenie a neopísateľné utrpenie. Vyvolala aj masový pohyb ľudí, ktorý od druhej svetovej vojny nemá obdobu. V záujme ich ochrany EÚ prvýkrát aktivovala smernicu o dočasnej ochrane. Všetky členské štáty EÚ sú teda povinné poskytnúť ochranu osobám vysídleným z Ukrajiny.
Військова агресія Росії проти України призвела до подій, яких не бачили у Європі протягом десятиліть. Відтоді вона спричиняє смерть, величезні руйнування і невимовні страждання. Вона також призвела до масового переміщення людей, якого не траплялося з часів Другої світової війни. Щоб захистити їх, ЄС вперше активував Директиву про тимчасовий захист. Згідно з нею держави-члени ЄС повинні запропонувати переміщеним з України особам.
Военната агресия на Русия срещу Украйна доведе до сцени, на които Европа не беше ставала свидетел от десетилетия. Оттогава причинява смърт, огромни разрушения и неописуеми страдания. Тя предизвика и масово движение на хора, невиждано от Втората световна война насам. За да ги защити, ЕС за първи път задейства Директивата за временна закрила. По този начин всички държави — членки на ЕС, трябва да предложат закрила на разселените лица от Украйна.
Vojenská agrese Ruska vůči Ukrajině vyvolala scény, které Evropa neviděla po desetiletí. Od té doby přináší smrt, rozsáhlé ničení a nepopsatelné utrpení. V jejím důsledku se rovněž daly do pohybu obrovské masy lidí, největší od druhé světové války. S cílem ochránit tyto uprchlíky EU poprvé aktivovala směrnici o dočasné ochraně. Všechny členské státy EU jsou tudíž povinny poskytnout osobám vysídleným z Ukrajiny ochranu.
Die militärische Aggression Russlands gegen die Ukraine löste Situationen aus, die in Europa seit Jahrzehnten nicht mehr beobachtet wurden. Die Folgen sind zahlreiche Todesopfer, enorme Zerstörung und unsagbares Leid. Zudem wurde eine Massenbewegung von Menschen in Gang gesetzt, wie es sie seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg nicht mehr gab. Um die Vertriebenen zu schützen, hat die EU erstmalig die Richtlinie über vorübergehenden Schutz aktiviert. Demnach müssen alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten den aus der Ukraine vertriebenen Personen Schutz bieten.
Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine triggered scenes not seen in Europe for decades. It has since caused death, immense destruction, and unspeakable suffering. It also set in motion a mass movement of people not seen since World War II. To protect them, the EU activated the Temporary Protection Directive for the first time. In doing so, all EU Member States must offer protection to those displaced from Ukraine.