eu-charter

Karta praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej

Preambuła

Narody Europy, tworząc między sobą coraz ściślejszy związek, są zdecydowane dzielić ze sobą pokojową przyszłość opartą na wspólnych wartościach. Świadoma swego duchowo-religijnego i moralnego dziedzictwa, Unia jest zbudowana na niepodzielnych, powszechnych wartościach godności osoby ludzkiej, wolności, równości i solidarności; opiera się na zasadach demokracji i państwa prawnego. Poprzez ustanowienie obywatelstwa Unii oraz stworzenie przestrzeni wolności, bezpieczeństwa i sprawiedliwości stawia jednostkę w centrum swych działań.
Unia przyczynia się do ochrony i rozwoju tych wspólnych wartości, szanując przy tym różnorodność kultur i tradycji narodów Europy, jak również tożsamość narodową Państw Członkowskich i organizację ich władz publicznych na poziomach: krajowym, regionalnym i lokalnym; dąży do wspierania zrównoważonego i stałego rozwoju oraz zapewnia swobodny przepływ osób, usług, towarów i kapitału oraz swobodę przedsiębiorczości.
W tym celu, w obliczu zmian w społeczeństwie, postępu społecznego oraz rozwoju naukowego i technologicznego, niezbędne jest wzmocnienie ochrony praw podstawowych poprzez wyszczególnienie tych praw w Karcie i przez to uczynienie ich bardziej widocznymi.
Niniejsza Karta potwierdza, przy poszanowaniu kompetencji i zadań Unii oraz zasady pomocniczości, prawa wynikające zwłaszcza z tradycji konstytucyjnych i zobowiązań międzynarodowych wspólnych Państwom Członkowskim, europejskiej Konwencji o ochronie praw człowieka i podstawowych wolności, Kart Społecznych przyjętych przez Unię i Radę Europy oraz z orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej i Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka. W tym kontekście, sądy Unii i Państw Członkowskich będą interpretowały Kartę z należytym uwzględnieniem wyjaśnień sporządzonych pod kierownictwem Prezydium Konwentu, który opracował Kartę, i za których uaktualnienie odpowiada Prezydium Konwentu Europejskiego.
Korzystanie z tych praw rodzi odpowiedzialność i nakłada obowiązki wobec innych osób, wspólnoty ludzkiej i przyszłych pokoleń.
Unia uznaje zatem prawa, wolności i zasady wymienione poniżej.

Wyjaśnienia

  • Text:
    Source:
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:

Orzecznictwo

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krajowego prawa konstytucyjnego

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Prawo unijne

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Prawo międzynarodowe

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PRODUKTY

  • Report / Paper / Summary
    22
    January
    2026
    Online terrorist content is a threat to fundamental rights, rule of law and democracy. EU measures to tackle such content aim to prevent terrorism while upholding these values. FRA’s report looks at how online terrorist content is detected and removed under EU legislation. It highlights challenges in interpreting rules, risks of over-removal and potential impacts on freedom of expression. It finds that moderation practices by authorities and platforms can disproportionately affect certain groups, such as Muslims and Arabic speakers, while far-right content often receives less scrutiny. The findings, based on research and expert interviews with those addressing online terrorist content, offer ways to improve transparency in content moderation and to better balance public security and fundamental rights, contributing to wider debates on regulating online content responsibly.
  • Leaflet / Flyer
    23
    December
    2025
    A list of all FRA reports, translations and other outputs published in 2025.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    19
    December
    2025
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) publishes annual updates on the forced return monitoring systems set up by EU Member States under Article 8(6) of the EU Return Directive (2008/115/EC). This project has been ongoing since 2014.
    The latest report covers the period until the end of 2024.
  • In brief / Factsheet
    15
    December
    2025
    This factsheet outlines key judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) relating to the intersection of climate change and human rights. The issues examined include territorial jurisdiction, standards of protection, standing and victim status, and procedural guarantees in climate-related cases, including the rights of access to information. It is intended to assist legal practitioners, policymakers, and researchers in understanding and applying the evolving human rights jurisprudence in the context of climate change within the European legal space.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    12
    December
    2025
    As the EU prepares to join the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), this report outlines the main changes that accession would bring, offering an overview of the legal and operational implications. Presented in a Q&A format, it provides answers to 19 key questions for legal professionals and a broader audience. It describes the steps needed to conclude accession, the expected benefits for protecting rights, and some of the challenges that may come up. This legal analysis contributes to the current discussions on EU accession.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    8
    December
    2025
    This report examines how human rights impact assessments (HRIAs) are built into lawmaking across the EU and its Member States. It highlights that, although progress has been made, the use of HRIAs remains uneven and often superficial. In many EU countries, the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights is frequently overlooked. The report identifies insufficient consultation with external experts, limited stakeholder participation and a lack of evaluation once laws are in force. To address these gaps, it offers practical recommendations for more systematic, inclusive and evidence-based HRIAs that strengthen human rights protection and ensure better, more accountable legislation throughout the EU.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    4
    December
    2025
    Artificial Intelligence comes with both benefits and risks. Safe AI use that accounts for fundamental rights is thus crucial. While the 2024 EU AI Act was a milestone in this regard, its broad definitions regarding AI systems and high-risk AI could introduce loopholes for fundamental rights compliance. This report offers an empirical basis for much-needed practical guidance on the Act’s implementation. Based on interviews with AI developers, sellers, and users, FRA addresses challenges of its use in critical domains, like asylum, education, and employment. Our findings help guide next steps in realising the AI Act’s potential to ensure responsible innovation.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    27
    November
    2025
    This report looks at the breadth and depth of violence and neglect faced by people with disabilities living in institutions. It highlights the shortcomings by EU Member States in preventing violence and protecting those who are at a higher risk of experiencing it, in line with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Based on research across all EU Member States and FRA observer candidate countries, the report calls for better protection, stronger prevention of violence, and clear accountability. It urges the EU and its Member States to implement their obligations around equality and fundamental rights.
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    13
    November
    2025
    FRA analysed 31 digital tools and systems across seven EU Member States, exploring potential positive and negative effects on victims, claimants and defendants. By identifying risks early, investing in skills and training, and embedding protections from the outset, policymakers and practitioners can build effective and inclusive justice systems. This report provides practical suggestions to help ensure that digitalised justice systems are accessible and deliver fair outcomes for all.
  • In brief / Factsheet
    30
    October
    2025
    This factsheet summarises key Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) cases on reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities. Building on Article 2 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), the courts address employment, physical accessibility, and education. In collaboration, the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights and the European Court of Human Rights produced this short publication. It is designed to aid lawyers and policymakers in understanding and applying the jurisprudence in this area.