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Work on rights
Il-ġustizzja, id-drittijiet tal-vittmi u l-kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja
Drittijiet tal-vittmi
Drittijiet tal-konvenuti
Ġustizzja ċivili
Kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja u stat tad-dritt
Sigurtà
Drittijiet tan-negozju u tal-bniedem
Ugwaljanza, non-diskriminazzjoni u razziżmu
Tfal, żgħażagħ u anzjani
Persuni b’diżabilità
Reat ta’ mibegħda
Oriġini razzjali u etnika
Reliġjon u twemmin
Rom
Sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali u ġeneru
Ażil, migrazzjoni u fruntieri
Aċċess għall-asil
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tat-tfal
Migrazzjoni irregolari, ritorn u detenzjoni tal-immigrazzjoni
Migrazzjoni legali u integrazzjoni
Traffikar u sfruttament ta’ ħaddiema
Il-protezzjoni tad-data, il-privatezza u t-teknoloġiji ġodda
Intelliġenza artifiċjali u big data
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tad-data
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
Appoġġ għal sistemi u difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Il-Karta tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet Fundamentali
Sistemi intergovernattivi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Sistemi u korpi nazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Soċjetà Ċivili
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
X’inhuma d-drittijiet fundamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolu
Titolu I: Dinjità
1 - Is-dinjità tal-bniedem
2 - Id-dritt għall-ħajja
3 - Id-dritt għall-integrità tal-persuna
4 - Il-projbizzjoni tat-tortura jew tal-pieni jew trattamenti inumani jew degradanti
5 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-iskjavitù u tax-xogħol forzat
Titolu II.: Libertajiet
6 - Id-dritt għal-libertà u għas-sigurtà
7 - Ir-rispett għall-ħajja privata u tal-familja
8 - Il-protezzjoni tad-data personali
9 - Id-dritt għaż-żwieġ u d-dritt għat-twaqqif ta' familja
10 - Il-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza u tar-reliġjon
11 - Il-libertà ta' l-espressjoni u ta' l-informazzjoni
12 - Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni
13 - Il-libertà ta' l-arti u x-xjenzi
14 - Id-dritt għall-edukazzjoni
15 - Il-libertà professjonali u d-dritt għax-xogħol
16 - Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża
17 - Id-dritt għall-proprjetà
18 - Id-dritt għall-asil
19 - Il-protezzjoni f'każ ta' tneħħija, tkeċċija jew estradizzjoni
Titolu III: L-Ugwaljanza
20 - L-ugwaljanza f'għajnejn il-
21 - Non-diskriminazzjoni
22 - Id-diversità kulturali, reliġjuża u lingwistika
23 - L-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel
24 - Id-drittijiet tat-tfal
25 - Id-drittijiet ta' l-anzjani
26 - L-integrazzjoni tal-persuni diżabbli
Titolu IV: Solidarjetà
27 - Id-dritt tal-ħaddiema għall-informazzjoni u l-konsultazzjoni fi ħdan l-impriża
28 - Id-dritt ta' negozjar u ta' azzjoni kollettiva
29 - Id-dritt ta' aċċess għas-servizzi ta' impjieg
30 - Il-protezzjoni fil-każ ta' tkeċċija inġusta
31 - Kondizzjonijiet tax-xogħol ġusti u xierqa
32 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' impjieg ta' tfal u protezzjoni taż-żgħażagħ fuq il-post tax-xogħol
33 - Il-ħajja tal-familja u professjonali
34 - Sigurtà soċjali u assistenza soċjali
35 - Il-protezzjoni tas-saħħa
36 - L-aċċess għal servizzi ta' interess ekonomiku ġenerali
37 - Protezzjoni ta' l-ambjent
38 - Protezzjoni tal-konsumatur
Titolu V.: Ċittadinanza
39 - Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet għall-Parlament Ewropew
40 - Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet muniċipali
41 - Id-dritt għal amministrazzjoni tajba
42 - Id-dritt ta' aċċess għad-dokumenti
43 - L-Ombudsman Ewropew
44 - Id-dritt ta' petizzjoni
45 - Il-libertà ta' moviment u ta' residenza
46 - Il-protezzjoni diplomatika u konsulari
Titolu VI: Ġustizzja
47 - Id-dritt għal rimedju effettiv u għal proċess imparzjali
48 - Il-preżunzjoni ta' innoċenza u d-dritt għad-difiża
49 - Il-prinċipji ta' legalità u proporzjonalità ta' reati u ta' pieni
50 - Id-dritt li wieħed ma jiġix iġġudikat jew jingħata piena darbtejn għall-istess reat
Titolu VII: Dispożizzjonijiet generali
51 - Kamp ta' applikazzjoni
52 - L-ambitu u l-interpretazzjoni ta' drittijiet u ta' prinċipji
53 - Il-livell ta' protezzjoni
54 - Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-abbuż ta' dritt
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Work on rights
Il-ġustizzja, id-drittijiet tal-vittmi u l-kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja
Drittijiet tal-vittmi
Drittijiet tal-konvenuti
Ġustizzja ċivili
Kooperazzjoni ġudizzjarja u stat tad-dritt
Sigurtà
Drittijiet tan-negozju u tal-bniedem
Ugwaljanza, non-diskriminazzjoni u razziżmu
Tfal, żgħażagħ u anzjani
Persuni b’diżabilità
Reat ta’ mibegħda
Oriġini razzjali u etnika
Reliġjon u twemmin
Rom
Sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali u ġeneru
Ażil, migrazzjoni u fruntieri
Aċċess għall-asil
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tat-tfal
Migrazzjoni irregolari, ritorn u detenzjoni tal-immigrazzjoni
Migrazzjoni legali u integrazzjoni
Traffikar u sfruttament ta’ ħaddiema
Il-protezzjoni tad-data, il-privatezza u t-teknoloġiji ġodda
Intelliġenza artifiċjali u big data
Fruntieri u sistemi ta’ informazzjoni
Protezzjoni tad-data
Tfassil ta’ profil illegali
Appoġġ għal sistemi u difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Il-Karta tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet Fundamentali
Sistemi intergovernattivi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Sistemi u korpi nazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem
Soċjetà Ċivili
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
Il-karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-UE
X’inhuma d-drittijiet fundamentali?
What is the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Preambolu
Titolu I: Dinjità
1 -
Is-dinjità tal-bniedem
2 -
Id-dritt għall-ħajja
3 -
Id-dritt għall-integrità tal-persuna
4 -
Il-projbizzjoni tat-tortura jew tal-pieni jew trattamenti inumani jew degradanti
5 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-iskjavitù u tax-xogħol forzat
Titolu II.: Libertajiet
6 -
Id-dritt għal-libertà u għas-sigurtà
7 -
Ir-rispett għall-ħajja privata u tal-familja
8 -
Il-protezzjoni tad-data personali
9 -
Id-dritt għaż-żwieġ u d-dritt għat-twaqqif ta' familja
10 -
Il-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza u tar-reliġjon
11 -
Il-libertà ta' l-espressjoni u ta' l-informazzjoni
12 -
Il-libertà ta' għaqda u ta' assoċjazzjoni
13 -
Il-libertà ta' l-arti u x-xjenzi
14 -
Id-dritt għall-edukazzjoni
15 -
Il-libertà professjonali u d-dritt għax-xogħol
16 -
Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża
17 -
Id-dritt għall-proprjetà
18 -
Id-dritt għall-asil
19 -
Il-protezzjoni f'każ ta' tneħħija, tkeċċija jew estradizzjoni
Titolu III: L-Ugwaljanza
20 -
L-ugwaljanza f'għajnejn il-
21 -
Non-diskriminazzjoni
22 -
Id-diversità kulturali, reliġjuża u lingwistika
23 -
L-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel
24 -
Id-drittijiet tat-tfal
25 -
Id-drittijiet ta' l-anzjani
26 -
L-integrazzjoni tal-persuni diżabbli
Titolu IV: Solidarjetà
27 -
Id-dritt tal-ħaddiema għall-informazzjoni u l-konsultazzjoni fi ħdan l-impriża
28 -
Id-dritt ta' negozjar u ta' azzjoni kollettiva
29 -
Id-dritt ta' aċċess għas-servizzi ta' impjieg
30 -
Il-protezzjoni fil-każ ta' tkeċċija inġusta
31 -
Kondizzjonijiet tax-xogħol ġusti u xierqa
32 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' impjieg ta' tfal u protezzjoni taż-żgħażagħ fuq il-post tax-xogħol
33 -
Il-ħajja tal-familja u professjonali
34 -
Sigurtà soċjali u assistenza soċjali
35 -
Il-protezzjoni tas-saħħa
36 -
L-aċċess għal servizzi ta' interess ekonomiku ġenerali
37 -
Protezzjoni ta' l-ambjent
38 -
Protezzjoni tal-konsumatur
Titolu V.: Ċittadinanza
39 -
Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet għall-Parlament Ewropew
40 -
Id-dritt tal-vot u d-dritt tal-kandidatura fl-elezzjonijiet muniċipali
41 -
Id-dritt għal amministrazzjoni tajba
42 -
Id-dritt ta' aċċess għad-dokumenti
43 -
L-Ombudsman Ewropew
44 -
Id-dritt ta' petizzjoni
45 -
Il-libertà ta' moviment u ta' residenza
46 -
Il-protezzjoni diplomatika u konsulari
Titolu VI: Ġustizzja
47 -
Id-dritt għal rimedju effettiv u għal proċess imparzjali
48 -
Il-preżunzjoni ta' innoċenza u d-dritt għad-difiża
49 -
Il-prinċipji ta' legalità u proporzjonalità ta' reati u ta' pieni
50 -
Id-dritt li wieħed ma jiġix iġġudikat jew jingħata piena darbtejn għall-istess reat
Titolu VII: Dispożizzjonijiet generali
51 -
Kamp ta' applikazzjoni
52 -
L-ambitu u l-interpretazzjoni ta' drittijiet u ta' prinċipji
53 -
Il-livell ta' protezzjoni
54 -
Il-projbizzjoni ta' l-abbuż ta' dritt
Tools
Tools
EU Fundamental Rights Information System - EFRIS
Criminal detention database
Anti-Muslim hatred database
Case-law database
Charterpedia
FRA e-learning platform
Data visualisation
Equality data collection: promising practices
Fighting hate crime: promising practices
Prodotti
Search
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Search the FRA website
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Work On Rights
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
Fundamental rights of older people: ensuring access to public services in digital societies
13
September
2023
Fundamental rights of older people: ensuring access to public services in digital societies
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Europe’s ageing population is ever-increasing, and our societies are becoming more digitalised. Many public services are now available online, with many more services in the process of being digitalised. But the digitalisation of public services poses a risk of exclusion for older persons. In this new report, FRA explores the impact of digitalisation on the fundamental rights of older persons. The report maps the current legislation, policies and practices fostering digital inclusion. It provides an overview of the laws at the national level that provide for equal access to public services, both online and offline. The findings show how Member States safeguard older person’s rights to access services undergoing digitalisation. It outlines how Member States can support digital skills and ensure older people can fully participate in public life.
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Abbreviations
Key findings
Introduction
Why is this report needed?
Legal and policy context
Research methodology and definition of ‘older persons’
Structure of the report
1. Ageing and digital societies: leaving no one behind
1.1 Ageing societies: the demographic change and its consequences
1.1.1 Increasing share of older persons
1.1.2 Drivers of population ageing
1.1.3 Consequences of population ageing
1.2 Digital societies
1.2.1 Social and digital inequalities
1.2.2 Digital divide(s)
1.3 The grey digital divide in equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
1.3.1 The divide in the ‘grey divide’ and the impact of education
1.3.2 Access of older persons to the internet and preferred devices
1.3.3 Internet use by older persons
1.3.4 Older persons’ digital skills
1.3.5 General and health-related digital activities of older persons
1.3.6 Older persons’ use of digital public services
2. Legal and policy instruments at EU and international levels
2.1 Legal framework
2.1.1 European Union legal framework
2.1.2 Council of Europe legal framework
2.1.3 International legal framework
2.2 Policy framework
2.2.1 European Union policy framework
2.2.2 Council of Europe policy framework
2.2.3 International policy framework
3. Legal and policy instruments at national level
3.1 National laws regulating equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.1.1 Approach 1: E-government law guarantees equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.1.2 Approach 2: Sectoral law guarantees equal access to particular public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.2 Laws addressing certain groups’ particular risks of digital exclusion
3.2.1 Addressing age-based digital exclusion in law
3.2.2 Addressing disability-based digital exclusion in law
3.3 Complaint mechanisms and systematic monitoring concerning equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
3.4 National policy frameworks on digitalising public services
3.4.1 Explicit mention of equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation in national policies and strategies
3.4.2 Explicit recognition of non-discrimination in national policies and strategies
3.4.3 Retaining offline public service options in policy documents
3.4.4 Recognising groups at risk of digital exclusion in policy
3.5 Financial resources for the implementation of national policies addressing digitalisation
4. Targeted individual and structural measures to promote older persons’ equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
4.1 First-level digital divide: closing the gap by increasing affordability
4.2 Second-level digital divide: enabling users through training
4.2.1 Addressing digital exclusion of older persons by implementing digital inclusion measures
4.2.2 Promoting digital literacy across the life cycle
4.2.3 Providing targeted offline and digital support services
4.2.4 Providing targeted digital support services
4.2.5 Fostering inclusive and user-centred service design through co-creation, co-design and participatory design
4.3 Third-level digital divide: empowering users
5. Ways forward: anchoring equal access to public services and non-discrimination in national law, policies and measures
5.1 Taking a fundamental rights perspective on ageing
5.2 Combatting ageism through the participation of older persons of all ages
5.3 Reaching out and motivating people of all ages to achieve basic digital skills
5.4 Monitoring digital decade targets for all ages through inclusive data collection
5.5 Preparing for the future of an ageing and digitalising Europe
Annex 1: Glossary
About this publication
Abbreviations
Charter
- EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Declaration
- European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles
DESI
- Digital Economy and Society Index
ECtHR
- European Court of Human Rights
EU
- European Union
EU-27
- 27 EU Member States
FRA
- European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
ICT
- Information and communication technology
NRRP
- National recovery and resilience plan
UN
- United Nations
Key findings
Country Research
13 September 2023
Ageing in digital societies: enablers and barriers to older persons exercising their social rights - Country research
Children, youth and older people
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
These documents were commissioned under contract as background material for comparative analysis for the project ‘Ageing in digital societies: enablers and
barriers to older persons exercising their social rights‘. The information and views contained in the documents do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of FRA. The documents are made publicly available for transparency and information purposes only and do not constitute legal advice or legal opinion.
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Fundamental Rights Report
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
6
June
2018
Finnish version now available
27 January 2020
Shifting perceptions: towards a rights‑based approach to ageing
European societies are not getting any younger! It is a simple truth we must face both about ourselves and Europe as a whole. In two generations, by 2080, those aged 65 or above will account for almost 30% of the European Union’s population.