eu-charter

Az Európai Unió Alapjogi Chartája

48. cikk - Az ártatlanság vélelme és a védelemhez való jog

48. cikk - Az ártatlanság vélelme és a védelemhez való jog

(1) Minden gyanúsított személyt mindaddig ártatlannak kell vélelmezni, amíg bűnösségét a törvénynek megfelelően meg nem állapították. (2) Minden gyanúsított személy számára biztosítani kell a védelemhez való jogának tiszteletben tartását.

    • Text:

      A 48. cikk azonos az EJEE 6. cikk (2) és (3) bekezdésével, amelyek szövege a következő:

      "2. Minden bűncselekménnyel gyanúsított személyt mindaddig ártatlannak kell vélelmezni, amíg bűnösségét a törvénynek megfelelően meg nem állapították.

      3. Minden bűncselekménnyel gyanúsított személynek joga van – legalább – arra, hogy

      a) a legrövidebb időn belül tájékoztassák olyan nyelven, amelyet megért, és a legrészletesebb módon az ellene felhozott vád természetéről és indokairól;

      b) rendelkezzék a védekezésének előkészítéséhez szükséges idővel és eszközökkel;

      c) személyesen, vagy az általa választott védő segítségével védekezhessék, és ha nem állnak rendelkezésére eszközök védő díjazására, amennyiben az igazságszolgáltatás érdekei ezt követelik meg, hivatalból és ingyenesen rendeljenek ki számára ügyvédet;

      d) kérdéseket intézzen vagy intéztessen a vád tanúihoz és kieszközölhesse a mentő tanúk megidézését és kihallgatását ugyanolyan feltételek mellett, mint ahogy a vád tanúit megidézik, illetve kihallgatják;

      e) ingyenes tolmács álljon rendelkezésére, ha nem érti vagy nem beszéli a tárgyaláson használt nyelvet."

      Az 52. cikk (3) bekezdésével összhangban e jog tartalma és terjedelme azonos az EJEE által biztosított jogéval.

      Source:
      Az Európai Unió Hivatalos Lapja C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Az alábbi magyarázatok eredetileg az Európai Unió Alapjogi Chartáját kidolgozó Konvent elnökségének irányításával kerültek megfogalmazásra. A magyarázatok naprakésszé tétele az Európai Konvent elnökségének felelőssége mellett, az elnökségnek a Charta szövegéhez (nevezetesen az 51. és 52. cikkéhez) tett kiigazításainak megfogalmazása, valamint az uniós jog további fejlődése fényében történt. Bár a magyarázatok nem bírnak jogi erővel, az értelmezés értékes eszközei, amelyek célja a Charta rendelkezéseinek megvilágítása.
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    7 results found

    • Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law

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      Article 1

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      2. The right referred to in paragraph 1 shall apply to persons from the time that they are made aware by the competent authorities of a Member State, by official notification or otherwise, that they are suspected or accused of having committed a criminal offence until the conclusion of the proceedings, which is understood to mean the final determination of the question whether they have committed the offence, including, where applicable, sentencing and the resolution of any appeal.

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      Article 1

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      Article 1

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    • Directive (EU) 2016/343 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on the strengthening of certain aspects of the presumption of innocence and of the right to be present at the trial in criminal proceedings

      Preamble:
      ...
      (13) This Directive acknowledges the different needs and levels of protection of certain aspects of the presumption of innocence as regards natural and legal persons. As regards natural persons, such protection is reflected in wellestablished
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      (15) The presumption of innocence with regard to legal persons should be ensured by the existing legislative safeguards and case-law, the evolution of which is to determine whether there is a need for Union action.
      (16) The presumption of innocence would be violated if public statements made by public authorities, or judicial decisions other than those on guilt, referred to a suspect or an accused person as being guilty, for as long as that person has not been proved guilty according to law. Such statements and judicial decisions should not reflect an opinion that that person is guilty. This should be without prejudice to acts of the prosecution which aim to prove the guilt of the suspect or accused person, such as the indictment, and without prejudice to judicial decisions as a result of which a suspended sentence takes effect, provided that the rights of the defence are
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      ...
      (46) In order to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of this Directive, Member States should send available data with regard to the implementation of the rights laid down in this Directive to the Commission. Such data could include records made by law enforcement and judicial authorities as regards remedies applied in the case of a
      breach of any of the aspects of the presumption of innocence covered by this Directive or of the right to be present at the trial.
      (47) This Directive upholds the fundamental rights and principles recognised by the Charter and by the ECHR, including the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment, the right to liberty and security, respect for private and family life, the right to the integrity of the person, the rights of the child, the integration
      of persons with disabilities, the right to an effective remedy and the right to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and the rights of the defence. Regard should be had, in particular, to Article 6 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), according to which the Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter, and according to which fundamental rights, as guaranteed by the ECHR and as they result from the constitutional traditions common to the Member States, are to constitute general principles of Union law.
      (48) As this Directive establishes minimum rules, Member States should be able to extend the rights laid down in this Directive in order to provide a higher level of protection. The level of protection provided for by Member States should never fall below the standards provided for by the Charter or by the ECHR, as interpreted by the Court of Justice and by the European Court of Human Rights.
      (49) Since the objectives of this Directive, namely setting common minimum rules for certain aspects of the presumption of innocence and for the right to be present at the trial in criminal proceedings, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of its scale and effects, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 TEU. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.
      ...
      Article 1. Subject matter:
      This directive lays down common minimum rules concerning:
      - certain aspects of the presumption of innocence in criminal proceedings;
      - the right to be present at the trial in criminal proceedings.
      ...
      Article 3. Presumption of innocence:
      Member States shall ensure that suspects and accused persons are presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.

    • Directive (EU) 2016/800 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on procedural safeguards children for who are suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings

      Preamble:
      ‘(31) Member States should be able to derogate temporarily from the obligation to provide assistance by a lawyer in the pre-trial phase for compelling reasons, namely where there is an urgent need to avert serious adverse consequences for the life, liberty or physical integrity of a person, or where immediate action by the investigating authorities is imperative to prevent substantial jeopardy to criminal proceedings in relation to a serious criminal offence, inter alia, with a view to obtaining information concerning the alleged co-perpetrators of a serious criminal offence, or in order to avoid the loss of important evidence regarding a serious criminal offence. During a temporary derogation for one of those compelling reasons, the competent authorities should be able to question children without the lawyer being present, provided that they have been informed of their right to remain silent and can exercise that right, and that such questioning does not prejudice the rights of the defence, including the right not to incriminate oneself. It should be possible to carry out questioning, to the extent necessary, for the sole purpose of obtaining information that is essential to avert serious adverse consequences for the life, liberty or physical integrity of a person, or to prevent substantial jeopardy to criminal proceedings. Any abuse of this temporary derogation would, in principle, irretrievably prejudice the rights of the defence.‘
      ‘(33) Confidentiality of communication between children and their lawyer is key to ensuring the effective exercise of the rights of the defence and is an essential part of the right to a fair trial. Member States should therefore respect the confidentiality of meetings and other forms of communication between the lawyer and the child in the context of the assistance by a lawyer provided for in this Directive, without derogation. [...]
      Article 6 - Assistance by a lawyer
      ‘2. Member States shall ensure that children are assisted by a lawyer in accordance with this Article in order to allow them to exercise the rights of the defence effectively.‘

    • Regulation (EU/Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 September 2013 concerning investigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud office (OLAF) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1073/1999 of the European Parliament an...

      Article 9. Procedural guarantees:
      1. In its investigations the Office shall seek evidence for and
      against the person concerned. Investigations shall be conducted
      objectively and impartially and in accordance with the principle
      of the presumption of innocence and with the procedural guarantees
      set out in this Article.

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