Equality

Gelijkheid, non-discriminatie en racisme

EU Charter of Fundamental Rights

Highlights

  • Report / Paper / Summary
    11
    July
    2024

    Jewish People’s Experiences and Perceptions of Antisemitism

    Antisemitism is still a reality for many Jewish people in the EU today. Faced with prejudice and hostility, most feel unable to live openly Jewish lives. This report presents the results of FRA’s third EU survey of Jewish people’s experiences and perceptions of antisemitism. The survey took place before the Hamas attacks in October 2023 and the war in Gaza; however, it includes evidence from a consultation with national and European Jewish umbrella organisations since. It covers 13 EU Member States that together account for around 96 % of the EU’s Jewish population.
    Read press release
    Download country data
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    14
    May
    2024

    LGBTIQ at a crossroads: progress and challenges

    FRA’s third LGBTIQ survey shows that people still experience hate-motivated violence and discrimination. Trans and intersex people face even greater victimisation. Yet, signs of progress show that the EU’s and Member States’ efforts can positively affect people’s lives. More LGBTIQ people are open about their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics.
    Explore survey data
    Read press release
    Download country data
  • Report / Paper / Summary
    10
    April
    2024

    Addressing Racism in Policing

    Racism in the police can include discriminatory racial profiling practices through to excessive use of force. Incidents like these highlight deeper systemic issues that need addressing. Many in society are affected by racism in policing, not only the individuals or communities targeted. Lack of trust in policing can fuel social exclusion and damages the foundations of a fair and equal society, however promising practices are developing to address these issues. This is the first EU-wide report on racism in policing. FRA’s findings identify gaps in regulatory frameworks and propose concrete steps for action.
    Read press release
  • Montage of faces of various Black people.
    Report / Paper / Summary
    25
    October
    2023

    Being Black in the EU – Experiences of people of African descent

    FRA's first Being Black in the EU report exposed widespread and entrenched racism against people of African descent in Europe. Now updated with new data, this report revisits the situation revealing persistent racial discrimination, harassment and violence. Overall, experiences of racial discrimination increased in the EU countries since 2016, reaching as high as 77%. The lack of progress is alarming despite binding anti-discrimination law in the EU since 2000 and significant EU policy developments since then.
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Producten
Report / Paper / Summary
Haatmisdrijf
Gelijkheid, non-discriminatie en racisme
Ras en etnische afstamming
Godsdienst en overtuiging
Beveiliging
8
March
2019

Ervaringen en percepties van antisemitisme - Tweede enquête over discriminatie en haatmisdrijven tegen Joden in de EU - Samenvatting

Deze samenvatting geeft een overzicht van de belangrijkste bevindingen van de tweede enquête van het FRA over de ervaringen van Joodse mensen met haatmisdrijven, discriminatie en antisemitisme in de Europese Unie — ‘s werelds grootste enquête onder Joodse mensen die ooit is gehouden.
Video
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Roma
Sex, sexual orientation and gender
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Asylum, migration and borders
Hate crime

Video Blog by Michael O'Flaherty: Looking ahead to 2019

Michael O'Flaherty focuses on the challenges and projects coming up in 2019.
Page
Religion and belief
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Security

Database 2012-2020 on anti-Muslim hatred

The Database 2012-2020 on anti-Muslim hatred provides information on significant international, European and national case law and rulings, UN human rights body decisions, reports, findings by human rights and equality bodies and organisations relating to hate crime, hate speech and discrimination against Muslims, as well as relevant research, reports, studies, data and statistics on these issues. It also provides information on victims' support organisations in the EU Member States.
Access database on anti-Muslim hatred
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
12
December
2018

Unmasking bias motives in crimes: selected cases of the European Court of Human Rights

This paper discusses the evolution of European Court of Human Rights case law relating
to hate crime, providing an update on the most recent rulings. Approaching hate crime
from a fundamental rights perspective, it shows how Member State authorities’ duty to
effectively investigate the bias motivation of crimes flows from key human rights
instruments, such as the European Convention on Human Rights.
Video
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Religion and belief
Security
Hate crime

Video blog by Michael O'Flaherty: antisemitism

Michael O'Flaherty focuses on the situation of the Jewish community living in the EU.
Report / Paper / Summary
Religion and belief
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Hate crime
Racial and ethnic origin
Victims’ rights
Security
10
December
2018

Experiences and perceptions of antisemitism - Second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews in the EU

This report outlines the main findings of FRA’s second survey on Jewish people’s experiences with hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism in the European Union – the biggest survey of Jewish people ever conducted worldwide. Covering 12 EU Member States, the survey reached almost 16,500 individuals who identify as being Jewish. It follows up on the agency’s first survey, conducted in seven countries in 2012.
Watch findings video
Watch launch event
Read press release
Handbook / Guide / Manual
Onrechtmatige profilering
Asiel, migratie en grenzen
Gegevensbescherming, privacy en nieuwe technologieën
Gegevensbescherming
Gelijkheid, non-discriminatie en racisme
Ras en etnische afstamming
Rechtspraak, rechten van slachtoffers en justitiële samenwerking
Beveiliging
11
March
2021

Onrechtmatige profilering nu en in de toekomst voorkomen: een gids

In deze gids wordt uitgelegd wat profilering is, welke wettelijke kaders van toepassing zijn en waarom een rechtmatige toepassing van profilering niet alleen nodig is om aan de grondrechten te voldoen, maar ook van cruciaal belang is voor een doeltreffende ordehandhaving en grensbeheer.
Report / Paper / Summary
People with disabilities
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
4
December
2018

From institutions to community living for persons with disabilities: perspectives from the ground

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities commits both the EU and all of its Member States to realising the right of persons with disabilities to live independently in the community – which includes achieving deinstitutionalisation for those residing in institutional settings. But much remains to be done to make this a reality in practice. This report presents the main insights gained during fieldwork on the drivers of and barriers to deinstitutionalisation. Focusing on the local level, it gives voice to a diverse set of actors – most importantly, to people with disabilities themselves.
View the infographic
Watch the video
Read the human stories
Download project factsheets
Video
Asylum, migration and borders
Legal migration and integration
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin

Being black in the EU often means racism and poor jobs

Black people in the EU face unacceptable difficulties in getting a decent job because of their skin colour. Racist harassment also remains all too common.
Video
Equality, non-discrimination and racism

Being black in the EU often means poor housing conditions

Black people in the EU face unacceptable difficulties in simply finding somewhere to live because of their skin colour.
Report / Paper / Summary
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Legal migration and integration
Racial and ethnic origin
28
November
2018

Being Black in the EU

Almost twenty years after adoption of EU laws forbidding discrimination, people of African descent in the EU face widespread and entrenched prejudice and exclusion. This report outlines selected results from FRA's second large-scale EU-wide survey on migrants and minorities (EU-MIDIS II) carried out in 2016. It examines the experiences of almost 6,000 people of African descent in 12 EU Member States.
Summary available in 9 languages
Explore the data
Read the press release
Report / Paper / Summary
Roma
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
16
November
2018

Working with Roma: Participation and empowerment of local communities

This report presents the main insights gained during the EU Fundamental Rights Agency’s project on local engagement for Roma inclusion, which explores how to best involve Roma in integration efforts at the local level. Bringing together local authorities and residents, especially Roma, it investigated what aspects work, which ones do not, and why this is the case.
Periodic updates / Series
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
9
November
2018

Antisemitism - Overview of data available in the European Union 2007–2017

Antisemitism can be expressed in the form of verbal and physical attacks, threats,
harassment, discrimination and unequal treatment, property damage and graffiti or other
forms of speech or text, including on the internet. The present report provides an overview of data on antisemitism as recorded by
international organisations and by official and unofficial sources in the 28 European
Union (EU) Member States, based on their own definitions and categorisations.
Report / Paper / Summary
Asylum, migration and borders
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Justice, victims’ rights and judicial cooperation
Support for human rights systems and defenders
26
October
2018

Fundamental Rights Forum 2018 - Chair's Statement

The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights’ 2018 Fundamental Rights Forum
brought together more than 700 human rights champions at a time of
widening social divisions and increasingly polarised politics across
Europe.
Report / Paper / Summary
Children, youth and older people
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
17
October
2018

Combating child poverty: an issue of fundamental rights

Almost 25 million children under 18 are at risk of poverty or social exclusion in the EU. Poverty deprives children of educational
opportunities, childcare, access to health care, adequate food and housing, family support and even protection from violence.
This report outlines data and survey findings that highlight the magnitude of child poverty in the EU, but also presents tools
available to counter this phenomenon and keep track of progress made.
In brief / Factsheet
Unlawful profiling
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
20
September
2018

In Brief - Big data, algorithms and discrimination

With enormous volumes of data generated every day, more and more decisions are based on data analysis and algorithms. This can bring welcome benefits, such as consistency and objectivity, but algorithms also entail great risks. A FRA focus paper looks at how the use of automation in decision making can result in, or exacerbate, discrimination.
Report / Paper / Summary
Borders and information systems
Irregular migration, return and immigration detention
Data protection, privacy and new technologies
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
12
September
2018

How the Eurosur Regulation affects fundamental rights

In November 2017, the European Commission requested FRA’s support in evaluating the impact on fundamental rights of the European Border Surveillance System (Eurosur) Regulation. Further to this request, FRA reviewed the work of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) and analysed cooperation agreements concluded by EU Member States with third countries which are relevant for the exchange of information for the purposes of Eurosur. This report presents the main findings of such review.
Report / Paper / Summary
Civil justice
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Racial and ethnic origin
29
August
2018

Making EU citizens’ rights a reality: national courts enforcing freedom of movement and related rights

The founding treaties, the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and secondary EU law all provide for EU citizens’ freedom to move and reside freely in any EU country of their choice. Growing numbers of citizens, and their family members, are making use of this freedom and related rights, such as the right not to be discriminated against based on nationality and the right to vote in certain elections in the host Member State. But making these rights a reality remains a challenge. This report presents an EU-wide, comparative overview of the application of the Free Movement Directive (2004/38/EC) across the 28 Member States based on a review of select case law at national level.
Report / Paper / Summary
Roma
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Children, youth and older people
19
July
2018

Transition from education to employment of young Roma in nine EU Member States

Across the European Union, Member States are faced with the challenge of integrating Europe’s most deprived
and disenfranchised minority groups. As a follow up to the EU-MIDIS II findings on Roma, this report presents
FRA’s findings relating to the issues of education and employment. Encouraging Roma participation in education
and employment equips communities with higher incomes, better life opportunities and greater social inclusion.
Report / Paper / Summary
Hate crime
Equality, non-discrimination and racism
Civil society
21
June
2018

Hate crime recording and data collection practice across the EU

Across the European Union, people face hatred because of their skin colour, ethnicity, religion, gender or sexuality. In response, the EU and its Member States have introduced laws against hate crime and support services for victims. But these will only fulfil their potential if victims report hate-motivated harassment and violence to the police, and if police officers record such incidents as hate crimes. This report provides rich and detailed information on hate crime recording and data collection systems across the EU, including any systemic cooperation with civil society.
Read press release
Access compendium of practices