Fundamental rights of older people: ensuring access to public services in digital societies
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- Abbreviations
- Key findings
- Introduction
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1. Ageing and digital societies: leaving no one behind
- 1.1 Ageing societies: the demographic change and its consequences
- 1.2 Digital societies
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1.3 The grey digital divide in equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
- 1.3.1 The divide in the ‘grey divide’ and the impact of education
- 1.3.2 Access of older persons to the internet and preferred devices
- 1.3.3 Internet use by older persons
- 1.3.4 Older persons’ digital skills
- 1.3.5 General and health-related digital activities of older persons
- 1.3.6 Older persons’ use of digital public services
- 2. Legal and policy instruments at EU and international levels
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3. Legal and policy instruments at national level
- 3.1 National laws regulating equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
- 3.2 Laws addressing certain groups’ particular risks of digital exclusion
- 3.3 Complaint mechanisms and systematic monitoring concerning equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
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3.4 National policy frameworks on digitalising public services
- 3.4.1 Explicit mention of equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation in national policies and strategies
- 3.4.2 Explicit recognition of non-discrimination in national policies and strategies
- 3.4.3 Retaining offline public service options in policy documents
- 3.4.4 Recognising groups at risk of digital exclusion in policy
- 3.5 Financial resources for the implementation of national policies addressing digitalisation
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4. Targeted individual and structural measures to promote older persons’ equal access to public services that are undergoing digitalisation
- 4.1 First-level digital divide: closing the gap by increasing affordability
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4.2 Second-level digital divide: enabling users through training
- 4.2.1 Addressing digital exclusion of older persons by implementing digital inclusion measures
- 4.2.2 Promoting digital literacy across the life cycle
- 4.2.3 Providing targeted offline and digital support services
- 4.2.4 Providing targeted digital support services
- 4.2.5 Fostering inclusive and user-centred service design through co-creation, co-design and participatory design
- 4.3 Third-level digital divide: empowering users
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5. Ways forward: anchoring equal access to public services and non-discrimination in national law, policies and measures
- 5.1 Taking a fundamental rights perspective on ageing
- 5.2 Combatting ageism through the participation of older persons of all ages
- 5.3 Reaching out and motivating people of all ages to achieve basic digital skills
- 5.4 Monitoring digital decade targets for all ages through inclusive data collection
- 5.5 Preparing for the future of an ageing and digitalising Europe
- Annex 1: Glossary
- About this publication
About this publication
© European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 2023
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders.
Neither the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights nor any person acting on behalf of the Agency is responsible for the use that might be made of the following information.
The reference period was until May 2023. Any legislative developments since then and up until the date of publication of these pages have been included whenever relevant or if known.
Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2023
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- ISBN: 978-92-9489-279-9
- doi: 10.2811/205995
- TK-05-24-037-EN-Q
- ISBN: 978-92-9489-202-7
- doi: 10.2811/061088
- TK-09-23-257-EN-N
Photo credits (cover):
- Cover: © Rawpixel.com/Adobe Stock
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barriers to older persons exercising their social rights‘. The information and views contained in the documents do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of FRA. The documents are made publicly available for transparency and information purposes only and do not constitute legal advice or legal opinion.