eu-charter

Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea

Artikolu 16 - Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża

Artikolu 16 - Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża

Il-libertà ta' l-intrapriża skond il-liġi ta' l-Unjoni u l-liġijiet u l-prattiċi nazzjonali hija rikonoxxuta.

    • Text:

      Dan l-Artikolu hu bbażat fuq il-każistika tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja, li rrikonoxxiet il-libertà li tiġi eżerċitata attività ekonomika jew kummerċjali (ara s-sentenzi ta' l- 14 ta' Mejju 1974, Nold (4/73, Ġabra 1974, p. 491, punt 14) u tas- 27 ta' Settembru 1979, SpA Eridiana u oħrajn (230-78, Ġabra 1979, p. 2749, punti 20 sa 31) u l-libertà ta' kuntrattazzjoni (ara, fost l-oħrajn, is-sentenzi tas- 16 ta' Jannar 1979, Sukkerfabriken Nykøbing, (151/78, Ġabra 1979, p. 1, punt 19) u tal- 5 ta' Ottubru 1999, Spanja vs Il-Kummissjoni (C-240/97, Ġabra 1999, p. I-6571, punt 99) u fuq l-Artikolu 119(1) u (3) tat-Trattat dwar il-Funzjonament ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea, li jirrikonoxxi l-kompetizzjoni libera. Għandu jinftiehem li dan id-dritt għandu jiġi eżerċitat b'rispett għall-liġi ta' l-Unjoni u tal-leġislazzjoni nazzjonali. Dan id-dritt jista' jkun soġġett għal-limitazzjonijiet previsti fl-Artikolu 52(1) tal-Karta.

      Source:
      Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta’ l-Unjoni Ewropea C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
      Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
      Dawn l-ispjegazzjonijiet ġew imħejjija oriġinarjament taħt ir-responsabbiltà tal-Praesidium tal-Konvenzjoni li abbozza l-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea. Huma ġew aġġornati taħt ir-responsabbiltà tal-Praesidium tal-Konvenzjoni Ewropea, fid-dawl ta' l-aġġustamenti li saru għat-test tal-Karta minn dik il-Konvenzjoni (partikolarment fl-Artikoli (51 U 52) u ta' l-evoluzzjoni fil-liġi ta' l-Unjoni. Għalkemm dawn l-ispjegazzjonijiet m'għandhomx fihom infushom l-istatus ta' liġi, huma mezz siewi ta' interpretazzjoni intiż sabiex ikunu ċċarati d-dispożizzjonijiet tal-Karta.
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    38 results found

    • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
      Pajjiż:
      Germany

      Article 12 (1) All Germans shall have the right freely to choose their occupation or profession, their place of work and their place of training. The practice of an occupation or profession may be regulated by or pursuant to a law.

    • Constitution of the Hellenic Republic
      Pajjiż:
      Greece

      Article 5 (1) All persons shall have the right to develop freely their personality and to participate in the social, economic and political life of the country, insofar as they do not infringe the rights of others or violate the Constitution and the good usages [...]; Article 106 (2) Private economic initiative shall not be permitted to develop at the expense of freedom and human dignity, or to the detriment of the national economy.[...]

    • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
      Pajjiż:
      Germany

      Artikel 12 (1) Alle Deutschen haben das Recht, Beruf, Arbeitsplatz und Ausbildungsstätte frei zu wählen. Die Berufsausübung kann durch Gesetz oder auf Grund eines Gesetzes geregelt werden.

    • Το Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας
      Pajjiż:
      Greece

      Άρθρo 5 (1). Kαθένας έχει δικαίωμα να αναπτύσσει ελεύθερα την πρoσωπικότητά τoυ και να συμμετέχει στην κoινωνική, oικoνoμική και πoλιτική ζωή της Xώρας, εφόσoν δεν πρoσβάλλει τα δικαιώματα των άλλων και δεν παραβιάζει τo Σύνταγμα ή τα χρηστά ήθη. [...] Άρθρο 106 (2). H ιδιωτική oικoνoμική πρωτoβoυλία δεν επιτρέπεται να αναπτύσσεται σε βάρoς της ελευθερίας και της ανθρώπινης αξιoπρέπειας ή πρoς βλάβη της εθνικής oικoνoμίας. [...]

    • Constitution of Finland
      Pajjiż:
      Finland

      Section 18 The right to work and the freedom to engage in commercial activity Everyone has the right, as provided by an Act, to earn his or her livelihood by the employment, occupation or commercial activity of his or her choice. (...)

    • Suomen perustuslaki
      Pajjiż:
      Finland

      18 § Oikeus työhön ja elinkeinovapaus Jokaisella on oikeus lain mukaan hankkia toimeentulonsa valitsemallaan työllä, ammatilla tai elinkeinolla. (...)

    • Constitution of the Republic of Estonia
      Pajjiż:
      Estonia

      Article 31. Citizens of Estonia have the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity and to form commercial associations and federations. The law may provide conditions and procedures that circumscribe the exercise of this right. Unless otherwise provided by law, citizens of foreign states and stateless persons in Estonian territory enjoy this right equally with citizens of Estonia.

    • Eesti Vabariigi Põhiseadus
      Pajjiż:
      Estonia

      § 31. Eesti kodanikel on õigus tegelda ettevõtlusega ning koonduda tulundusühingutesse ja -liitudesse. Seadus võib sätestada selle õiguse kasutamise tingimused ja korra. Kui seadus ei sätesta teisiti, siis on see õigus võrdselt Eesti kodanikega ka Eestis viibivatel välisriikide kodanikel ja kodakondsuseta isikutel

    • Danmarks Riges Grundlov
      Pajjiż:
      Denmark

      § 74. Alle indskrænkninger i den fri og lige adgang til erhverv, som ikke er begrundede i det almene vel, skal hæves ved lov.

    • The Constitutional Act of Denmark
      Pajjiż:
      Denmark

      Section 74. Any restraint on the free and equal access to trade, which is not based on the interest of the general public, shall be abolished by statute.

    • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
      Pajjiż:
      Cyprus

      Article 25
      1. Every person has the right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
      2. The exercise of this right may be subject to such formalities, conditions or restrictions as are prescribed by law and relate exclusively to the qualifications usually required for the exercise of any profession or are necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or for the protection of the rights and liberties guaranteed by this Constitution to any person or in the public interest:
      Provided that no such formalities, conditions or restrictions purporting to be in the public interest shall be prescribed by a law if such formality, condition or restriction is contrary to the interests of either Community.
      3. As an exception to the aforesaid provisions of this Article a law may provide, if it is in the public interest, that certain enterprises of the nature of an essential public service or relating to the exploitation of sources of energy or other natural resources shall be carried out exclusively by the Republic or a municipal corporation or by a public corporate body created for the purpose by such law and administered under the control of the Republic, and having a capital which may be derived from public and private funds or from either such source only:
      Provided that where such enterprise has been carried out by any person, other than a municipal corporation or a public corporate body, the installations used for such enterprise shall, at the request of such person, be acquired on payment of a just price, by the Republic or such municipal corporation or such public corporate body, as the case may be.

    • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
      Pajjiż:
      Cyprus

      ΑΡΘΡΟΝ 25
      1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να ασκή οιονδήποτε επάγγελμα ή να επιδίδεται εις οιανδήποτε απασχόλησιν, εμπόριον ή επικερδή εργασίαν.
      2. Η άσκησις του δικαιώματος τούτου δύναται να υπαχθή εις τους υπό του νόμου τιθεμένους όρους, περιορισμούς ή διατυπώσεις, αναφερομένους αποκλειστικώς εις τα συνήθως απαιτούμενα διά την άσκησιν οιουδήποτε επαγγέλματος προσόντα ή οίτινες είναι απαραίτητοι μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή της προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των ηγγυημένων υπό του Συντάγματος εις οιονδήποτε πρόσωπον ή προς το δημόσιον συμφέρον υπό τον όρον ότι διατυπώσεις, όροι και περιορισμοί δεν θα τίθενται διά νόμου κατ’ επίκλησιν του δημοσίου συμφέροντος εφ’ όσον είναι αντίθετοι προς τα συμφέροντα εκατέρας κοινότητος.
      3. Κατ’ εξαίρεσιν των προμνησθεισών διατάξεων του παρόντος άρθρου ο νόμος δύναται να ορίση, εφ’ όσον τούτο συνάδη προς το δημόσιον συμφέρον, ότι ωρισμέναι επιχειρήσεις παρέχουσαι ουσιώδη δημοσίαν υπηρεσίαν ή σχετικαί προς την εκμετάλλευσιν των πηγών ενεργείας ή άλλων φυσικών πόρων θα ασκώνται αποκλειστικώς υπό της Δημοκρατίας ή υπό δήμου ή υπό νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου ιδρυομένου προς τον σκοπόν τούτον υπό του ανωτέρω νόμου και διοικουμένου υπό τον έλεγχον της Δημοκρατίας και του οποίου το κεφάλαιον δύναται να προέρχηται εκ δημοσίων και ιδιωτικών πόρων ή μόνον εξ εκατέρας των πηγών τούτων.Εφ’ όσον όμως τοιαύτη επιχείρησις ησκείτο υπό οιουδήποτε προσώπου, πλην δήμου ή νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου, αι χρησιμοποιηθείσαι διά την τοιαύτην επιχείρησιν εγκαταστάσεις τη αιτήσει του ενδιαφερομένου εξαγοράζονται επί τη καταβολή δικαίου τιμήματος υπό της Δημοκρατίας ή του δήμου ή του νομικού προσώπου δημοσίου δικαίου, αναλόγως της περιπτώσεως.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Croatia
      Pajjiż:
      Croatia

      Article 49
      Free enterprise and free markets shall form the foundation of the economic system of the Republic of Croatia.
      The state shall ensure all entrepreneurs equal legal status on the market. The abuse of monopolies, as defined by law, shall be forbidden.
      The state shall encourage the economic progress and social welfare of its citizens, and care for the economic development of all regions.
      The rights acquired through the investment of capital shall not be infringed by law or any other legal act.
      Foreign investors shall be guaranteed free transfer and repatriation of profits and invested capital.

      Article 50
      (2) Free enterprise and property rights may be exceptionally restricted by law for the purposes of protecting the interests and security of the Republic of Croatia, nature and the human environment and human health.

    • Ustav Republike Hrvatske
      Pajjiż:
      Croatia

      Članak 49.
      Poduzetnička i tržišna sloboda temelj su gospodarskog ustroja Republike Hrvatske.
      Država osigurava svim poduzetnicima jednak pravni položaj na tržištu. Zabranjena je zlouporaba monopolskog položaja određenog zakonom.
      Država potiče gospodarski napredak i socijalno blagostanje građana i brine se za gospodarski razvitak svih svojih krajeva.
      Prava stečena ulaganjem kapitala ne mogu se umanjiti zakonom niti drugim pravnim aktom.
      Inozemnom ulagaču jamči se slobodno iznošenje dobiti i uloženog kapitala.

      Članak 50.
      (2)Poduzetnička se sloboda i vlasnička prava mogu iznimno ograničiti zakonom radi zaštite interesa i sigurnosti Republike Hrvatske, prirode, ljudskog okoliša i zdravlja ljudi.

    • Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Article 19 (1) The economy of the Republic of Bulgaria shall be based on free economic initiative.
      (2) The State shall establish and guarantee equal legal conditions for economic activity to all citizens and legal entities by preventing any abuse of a monopoly status and unfair competition, and by protecting the consumer.
      (3) All investments and economic activity by citizens and legal entities shall enjoy the protection of the law. (4) The law shall establish conditions conducive to the setting up of cooperatives and other forms of association of citizens and legal entities in the pursuit of economic and social prosperity. 

    • Labour Code
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Article 1(...) (3) This Code shall aim to ensure the freedom and protection of labour, equitable and dignified working conditions, as well as the conducting of social dialogue between the State, the employees, the employers and their organizations, for the purposes of settlement of labour relations and other immediately related relations. 

    • Кодекс
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Чл. 1(...) (3) (Предишна ал. 2 - ДВ, бр. 2 от 1996 г., изм., бр. 25 от 2001 г.) Този кодекс цели да осигури свободата и закрилата на труда, справедливи и достойни условия на труд, както и осъществяване на социален диалог между държавата, работниците, служителите, работодателите и техните организации за уреждане на трудовите и непосредствено свързаните с тях отношения.

    • КОНСТИТУЦИЯ на Република България
      Pajjiż:
      Bulgaria

      Чл. 19 (1) Икономиката на Република България се основава на свободната стопанска инициатива.
      (2) Законът създава и гарантира на всички граждани и юридически лица еднакви правни условия за стопанска дейност, като предотвратява злоупотребата с монополизма, нелоялната конкуренция и защитава потребителя.
      (3) Инвестициите и стопанската дейност на български и чуждестранни граждани и юридически лица се закрилят от закона. (4) Законът създава условия за коопериране и други форми на сдружаване на гражданите и юридическите лица за постигане на стопански и социален напредък. 

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