Sodno Varstvo
Člen 48 - Domneva nedolžnosti in pravica do obrambe
1. Obdolženec velja za nedolžnega, dokler njegova krivda ni dokazana v skladu z zakonom. 2. Vsakemu obdolžencu je zagotovljena pravica do obrambe.
Člen 48 je enak drugemu in tretjemu odstavku 6. člena EKČP, ki se glasi:
`2. Kdor je obdolžen kaznivega dejanja, velja za nedolžnega, dokler ni v skladu z zakonom dokazana njegova krivda.
3. Kdor je obdolžen kaznivega dejanja, ima naslednje minimalne pravice:
(a) da ga takoj in nadrobno seznanijo v jeziku, ki ga razume, z bistvom in vzroki obtožbe, ki ga bremeni;
(b) da ima primeren čas in možnosti za pripravo svoje obrambe;
(c) da se brani sam ali z zagovornikom po lastni izbiri ali če nima dovolj sredstev za plačilo zagovornika, da ga dobi brezplačno, če to zahtevajo interesi pravičnosti;
(d) da zaslišuje oziroma zahteva zaslišanje obremenilnih prič in da doseže navzočnost in zaslišanje razbremenilnih prič ob enakih pogojih, kot veljajo za obremenilne priče;
(e) da ima brezplačno pomoč tolmača, če ne razume ali ne govori jezika, ki se uporablja pred sodiščem.`
V skladu s členom 52(3) ima ta pravica enak pomen in področje uporabe kot pravica, zagotovljena z EKČP.
Чл. 30 [...] (4) Всеки има право на адвокатска защита от момента на задържането му или на привличането му като обвиняем.(5) Всеки има право да се среща насаме с лицето, което го защитава. Тайната на техните съобщения е неприкосновена. Чл. 31 [...] (2) Никой не може да бъде принуждаван да се признае за виновен, нито да бъде осъден само въз основа на неговото самопризнание.(3) Обвиняемият се смята за невинен до установяване на противното с влязла в сила присъда.(4) Не се допускат ограничения на правата на обвиняемия, надхвърлящи необходимото за осъществяване на правосъдието.Чл. 56Всеки гражданин има право на защита, когато са нарушени или застрашени негови права или законни интереси. В държавните учреждения той може да се явява и със защитник.
Article 6 – Right to a fair trial
1 In the determination of his civil rights and obligations or of any criminal charge against him, everyone is entitled to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law. Judgment shall be pronounced publicly but the press and public may be excluded from all or part of the trial in the interests of morals, public order or national security in a democratic society, where the interests of juveniles or the protection of the private life of the parties so require, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice.
2 Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.
3 Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum rights:
a to be informed promptly, in a language which he understands and in detail, of the nature and cause of the accusation against him;
b to have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence;
c to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing or, if he has not sufficient means to pay for legal assistance, to be given it free when the interests of justice so require;
d to examine or have examined witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him;
e to have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand or speak the language used in court.
Artikel 6 (2) Bis zum gesetzlichen Nachweis seiner Schuld wird vermutet, daß der wegen einer strafbaren Handlung Angeklagte unschuldig ist.
