Highlights

  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    8
    Oktober
    2025
    The Entry/Exit System (EES), launching in 2025, will register non-EU nationals crossing the EU’s external borders. This FRA guidance helps border guards apply the new rules in line with EU fundamental rights. It offers practical tips on informing people, collecting biometric data and supporting people with specific needs. Based on fieldwork at 10 border crossing points in 6 Member States, the guidance will ensure rights are respected under the new system. A separate guidance publication for managers accompanies this publication.
  • Opinion / Position Paper
    23
    Juli
    2025
    This position paper examines how the EU can counter the instrumentalisation of migrants while also upholding fundamental rights. Instrumentalisation refers to countries outside the EU using migration to exert political pressure. This position paper defines the phenomenon, provides examples, and outlines legal obligations under EU law. It provides legal analysis and warns that some responses risk undermining fundamental rights at the EU’s external borders, including the right to asylum. To counter instrumentalisation and uphold fundamental rights, the position paper proposes practical measures for Member States to take, such as sanctions, border controls, and cooperation with private operators.
  • Periodic updates / Series
    20
    Juni
    2025
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights regularly collects data on the operations of NGO vessels involved in search and rescue in the Mediterranean. This includes any legal proceedings against them, as well as any difficulties in disembarking migrants in safe ports. This paper provides an overview of criminal investigations and other legal proceedings initiated by European Union (EU) Member States against civil society organisations deploying search and rescue vessels and aircraft in the Mediterranean and/or against individual crew members. The latest update covers the period from 2018 up until 1 June 2025.
  • Seite
    This page describes the activities of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) on migration and asylum. It also explains how these activities can help the European Union (EU) and its Member States to implement the Pact on Migration and Asylum in a fundamental rights-compliant manner.
    Produkte
    Periodic updates / Series
    27
    Januar
    2016
    In view of the increasing numbers of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants entering the EU, the European Commission asked FRA to collect data about the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in those Member States that have been particularly affected by large migration movements.
    21
    Dezember
    2015
    The proposal to establish a possible legislative instrument supplementing the existing European Criminal Records Information System with information on third-country nationals convicted in the EU raises a number of fundamental rights issues.
    This infographic outlines FRA's work along a simplified version of the EU migration flow. Each item is hyperlinked so you can find out more on each topic.
    20
    November
    2015
    Kinder sind eigenständige Rechteinhaber. Sie genießen sämtliche Menschen- und Grundrechte. Aufgrund ihrer spezifischen Eigenschaften gelten für sie jedoch auch spezielle Bestimmungen. Ziel dieses Handbuchs ist es, anschaulich darzustellen, inwiefern das Europarecht und die europäische Rechtsprechung die spezifischen Interessen und Erfordernisse von Kindernberücksichtigen.
    22
    Oktober
    2015
    Processing biometric data for immigration, asylum and border management purposes has become common. This focus paper looks at measures authorities can take to enforce the obligation of newly arrived asylum seekers and migrants in an irregular situation to provide fingerprints for inclusion in Eurodac.
    16
    Oktober
    2015
    This report explores the key features of guardianship systems put in place to cater for the needs of all children in need of protection, including child victims and those at risk of becoming victims of trafficking in human beings or of other forms of exploitation. The research covers four specific areas, namely the type of guardianship systems in place, the profile of appointed guardians, the appointment procedures, and the tasks of the guardians.
    9
    Oktober
    2015
    For asylum and return (i.e. expulsion) procedures to be implemented effectively, people need to be at the disposal of the authorities so that any measure requiring their presence can be taken without delay. To achieve this, EU Member States may decide to hold people in closed facilities. Less intrusive measures, which are usually referred to as alternatives to detention, reduce the risk that deprivation of liberty is resorted to excessively.
    Periodic updates / Series
    28
    September
    2015
    In view of the increasing numbers of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants entering the EU, the European Commission asked FRA to collect data about the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in those Member States that have been particularly affected by large migration movements. The countries covered in 2015 are Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy and Slovenia.
    Report / Paper / Summary
    3
    September
    2015
    The right to health is a basic social right. However, its understanding and application differs
    across the European Union (EU) Member States, which results in different healthcare services
    being offered to migrants in an irregular situation. This summary looks into the potential costs of providing migrants in
    an irregular situation with timely access to health screening and treatment, compared to
    providing medical treatment only in emergency cases.
    3
    September
    2015
    This report aims to estimate the economic cost of providing timely access to screening and treatment for migrants in an irregular situation, compared with providing treatment only in emergency cases. It presents an economic model to calculate such costs for two medical conditions: hypertension and prenatal care. To better illustrate its application in practice, the model is applied to three European Union (EU) Member States – Germany, Greece and Sweden.
    25
    Juni
    2015
    Im Jahr 2014 stellten die Mitgliedstaaten und Institutionen der Europäische Union (EU) eine Reihe von rechtlichen und politischen
    Maßnahmen vor, um die Grundrechte in der EU zu gewährleisten. Trotz dieser Bemühungen bleibt immer noch viel
    zu tun. In einigen Bereichen ist die Situation beunruhigend: die Zahl der MigrantInnen, die gerettet oder auf See festgenommen
    wurden, als sie die Grenzen der EU versuchten zu erreichen, vervierfachte sich seit 2013; mehr als ein Viertel der Kinder
    in der EU sind von Armut oder sozialer Ausgrenzung bedroht; immer mehr politische Parteien verwenden fremdenfeindliche
    und gegen MigrantInnen gerichtete Rhetorik in ihren Kampagnen, was dazu führen kann, dass mehr Personen anfälliger
    werden, Opfer von Straftaten oder Hassverbrechen zu werden.
    Report / Paper / Summary
    19
    Juni
    2015
    Der Situation an Grenzübergangsstellen der Landgrenzen zur Einreise in die EU wird weniger Auf‑
    merksamkeit gewidmet als der Lage an Europas südlichen Seegrenzen, wo das Leben von Migran‑
    ten und Migrantinnen gefährdet ist. An den Landgrenzen werden die Grenzübertrittskontrollen von
    Drittstaatsangehörigen im Allgemeinen routinemäßig durchgeführt und verlaufen ohne Zwischen‑
    fälle. Die Forschungsarbeiten der FRA zeigen jedoch, dass es auch hier eine Reihe von Herausfor‑
    derungen gibt, die die Grundrechte von Reisenden beeinträchtigen. Diese reichen von respektloser
    Behandlung bis hin zur Nichterkennung von Personen, die Schutz benötigen. Solche Herausforde‑
    rungen dürfen nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.
    An estimated 3,280 persons died at sea in 2014 while attempting to reach a haven in Europe, and the number of those rescued or apprehended at sea quadrupled compared with 2013. The number of displaced persons worldwide reached Second World War levels in 2014. Many move on from where they first arrive, with Germany and Sweden together receiving almost half of the asylum applications submitted in the EU.
    2
    Juni
    2015
    Worker exploitation is not an isolated or marginal phenomenon. But despite its pervasiveness in everyday life, severe labour exploitation and its adverse effects on third-country nationals and EU citizens - as workers, but also as consumers - have to date not received much attention from researchers.
    6
    März
    2015
    Every year, tens of thousands of people risk their lives trying to enter the European Union (EU) in an irregular way, and many die in the attempt. Increasing the availability of legal avenues to reach the EU would contribute to make the right to asylum set forth in Article 18 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights a reality for vulnerable refugees and other persons in need of protection who are staying in a third country, often facing risks to their safety. It would also help to fight smuggling in human beings. This FRA focus seeks to contribute towards the elaboration of such legal entry options so that these can constitute a viable alternative to risky irregular entry.

    26
    Januar
    2015
    FRA was requested by the European Commission (EC) in January 2014 to provide practical guidance on the processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data for law enforcement purposes, in light of efforts by Member States to establish national PNR systems. As a result, in informal consultation with EC services and the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) and building on opinions FRA, the EDPS and the Article 29 Working Party on PNR, FRA presented twelve fundamental rights considerations to EU Member States experts at technical level.
    27
    November
    2014
    Die folgenden Schlussfolgerungen enthalten die Vorschläge und Bedenken, die KonferenzteilnehmerInnen von den HauptrednerInnen bis zu den TeilnehmerInnen der Podiumsdiskussionen und thematischen Arbeitsgruppen äußerten.
    This video message by UN Special Rapporteur Francois Crépeau was produced for the Fundamental Rights Conference 2014 (FRC) on Migration.
    This video message by UN High Commissioner Prince Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein was produced for the Fundamental Rights Conference 2014 (FRC) on Migration.