eu-charter

EU's charter om grundlæggende rettigheder

Artikel 50 - Ret til ikke at blive retsforfulgt eller straffet to gange for samme lovovertrædelse

Artikel 50 - Ret til ikke at blive retsforfulgt eller straffet to gange for samme lovovertrædelse

Ingen skal i en straffesag på ny kunne stilles for en domstol eller dømmes for en lovovertrædelse, for hvilken den pågældende allerede er blevet endeligt frikendt eller domfældt i en af Unionens medlemsstater i overensstemmelse med lovgivningen.

  • Text:

    Artikel 4 i protokol nr. 7 til EMK har følgende affattelse:

    »1. Under én og samme stats jurisdiktion skal ingen i en straffesag på ny kunne stilles for en domstol eller dømmes for en lovovertrædelse, for hvilken han allerede er blevet endeligt frikendt eller domfældt i overensstemmelse med denne stats lovgivning og strafferetspleje.

    2. Bestemmelserne i foregående stykke forhindrer ikke genoptagelse af sagen i overensstemmelse med vedkommende stats lovgivning og strafferetspleje, såfremt der foreligger bevis for nye eller nyopdagede kendsgerninger, eller såfremt der i den tidligere rettergang er begået en grundlæggende fejl, som kunne påvirke sagens udfald.

    3. Der kan ikke ske fravigelse fra denne artikel i medfør af artikel 15 i konventionen.«

    Non bis in idem-reglen gælder i EU-retten (jf. en omfattende retspraksis, f.eks. dom afsagt den 5. maj 1966 i de, forenede sager 18/65 og 35/65, Gutmann mod Kommissionen Sml. dansk specialudgave s. 175, og en aktuel dom afsagt af Retten den 20. april 1999 i de forenede sager T-305/94 m.fl., Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV m.fl. mod Kommissionen, Sml. II, s. 931). Det præciseres, at reglen om ikke-kumulation gælder to sanktioner af samme art, i dette tilfælde strafferetlige sanktioner.

    I henhold til artikel 50 gælder non bis in idem-reglen ikke kun inden for en medlemsstats retsområde, men også mellem flere medlemsstater. Dette svarer til gældende EU-ret, se artikel 54-58 i Schengengennemførelseskonventionen og Domstolens dom af 11. februar 2003, sag C-187/01, Gözütok (Sml. I, s. 1345), artikel 7 i konventionen om beskyttelse af Fællesskabets finansielle interesser og artikel 10 i konventionen om bekæmpelse af bestikkelse. De meget begrænsede undtagelser i disse konventioner, hvorefter medlemsstaterne kan fravige non bis in idem-reglen, er omfattet af den horisontale bestemmelse i chartrets artikel 52, stk. 1, om begrænsninger. For så vidt angår de situationer, der er omhandlet i artikel 4 i nævnte protokol nr. 7, dvs. anvendelsen af princippet inden for én og samme stat, har den rettighed, der sikres, samme betydning og omfang, som den tilsvarende ret i EMK.

    Source:
    Den Europæiske Unions Tidende C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
    Disse forklaringer blev oprindelig udarbejdet under præsidiet for den forsamling, der udarbejdede chartret om grundlæggende rettigheder. De er blevet ajourført under Det Europæiske Konvents præsidiums ansvar i lyset af de udkast til tilpasninger, som konventet har foretaget i charterteksten (især i artikel 51 og 52) og videreudviklingen af EU-retten. Selv om forklaringerne ikke i sig selv har retskraft, udgør de et værdifuldt fortolkningsinstrument beregnet til nærmere præcisering af chartrets bestemmelser.
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3 results found

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    Preamble:
    (21) Given the possibility of multiple jurisdictions for cross-border criminal offences falling under the scope of this Directive, the Member States should ensure that the principle of ne bis in idem is respected in full in the application of national law transposing this Directive
    ...
    (28) The intended dissuasive effect of the application of criminal law sanctions requires particular caution with regard to fundamental rights. This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’) and in particular the right to liberty and security, the protection of personal data, the freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work, the freedom to conduct a business, the right to property, the right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and the right of defence, the principles of the legality and proportionality of criminal offences and sanctions, as well as the principle of ne bis in idem. This Directive seeks to ensure full respect for those rights and principles and must be implemented accordingly.

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    Preamble:
    (17) The principle of ne bis in idem is a fundamental principle of law in the Union, as recognised by the Charter and developed by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Therefore the executing authority should be entitled to refuse the execution of an EIO if its execution would be contrary to that principle. Given the preliminary nature of the proceedings underlying an EIO, its execution should not be subject to refusal where it is aimed to establish whether a possible conflict with the ne bis in idem principle exists, or where the issuing authority has provided assurances that the evidence transferred as a result of the execution of the EIO would not be used to prosecute or impose a sanction on a person whose case has been finally disposed of in another Member State for the same facts.
    ...
    Article 11. Grounds for non-recognition or non-execution:
    1. Without prejudice to Article 1(4), recognition or execution of an EIO may be refused in the executing State where: ...
    (d) the execution of the EIO would be contrary to the principle of ne bis in idem

  • Directive 2014/57/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on criminal sanctions for market abuse (market abuse directive)

    Preamble:
    (23) The scope of this Directive is determined in such a way as to complement, and ensure the effective implementation of, Regulation (EU) No 596/2014. Whereas offences should be punishable under this Directive when committed intentionally and at least in serious cases, sanctions for breaches of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 do not require that intent is proven or that they are qualified as serious. In the application of national law transposing this Directive, Member States should ensure that the imposition of criminal sanctions for offences in accordance with this Directive and of administrative sanctions in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 does not lead to a breach of the principle of ne bis in idem.

0 results found