eu-charter

Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne

Article 50 - Droit à ne pas être jugé ou puni pénalement deux fois pour une même infraction

Article 50 - Droit à ne pas être jugé ou puni pénalement deux fois pour une même infraction

Nul ne peut être poursuivi ou puni pénalement en raison d'une infraction pour laquelle il a déjà été acquitté ou condamné dans l'Union par un jugement pénal définitif conformément à la loi.

  • Texte:

    L'article 4 du protocole no 7 à la CEDH se lit ainsi:

    `1. Nul ne peut être poursuivi ou puni pénalement par les juridictions du même État en raison d'une infraction pour laquelle il a déjà été acquitté ou condamné par un jugement définitif conformément à la loi et à la procédure pénale de cet État.

    2. Les dispositions du paragraphe précédent n'empêchent pas la réouverture du procès, conformément à la loi et à la procédure pénale de l'État concerné, si des faits nouveaux ou nouvellement révélés ou un vice fondamental dans la procédure précédente sont de nature à affecter le jugement intervenu.

    3. Aucune dérogation n'est autorisée au présent article au titre de l'article 15 de la Convention`.

    La règle `non bis in idem` s'applique dans le droit de l'Union (voir, parmi une importante jurisprudence, l'arrêt du 5 mai 1966, Gutmann c/Commission, aff. 18/65 et 35/65, rec. 1966, p. 150 et, pour une affaire récente, arrêt du Tribunal du 20 avril 1999, aff. jointes T-305/94 et autres, Limburgse Vinyl Maatschappij NV c/Commission, rec. 1999, p. II-931). Il est précisé que la règle du non-cumul vise le cumul de deux sanctions de même nature, en l'espèce pénales.

    Conformément à l'article 50, la règle `non bis in idem` ne s'applique pas seulement à l'intérieur de la juridiction d'un même État, mais aussi entre les juridictions de plusieurs États membres. Cela correspond à l'acquis du droit de l'Union; voir les articles 54 à 58 de la Convention d'application de l'accord de Schengen et l'arrêt de la Cour de justice du 11 février 2003 dans l'affaire C-187/01 Gözütok (rec. 2003, p. I-1345), l'article 7 de la Convention relative à la protection des intérêts financiers de la Communauté et l'article 10 de la Convention relative à la lutte contre la corruption. Les exceptions très limitées par lesquelles ces conventions permettent aux États membres de déroger à la règle `non bis in idem` sont couvertes par la clause horizontale de l'article 52, paragraphe 1, sur les limitations. En ce qui concerne les situations visées par l'article 4 du protocole no 7, à savoir l'application du principe à l'intérieur d'un même État membre, le droit garanti a le même sens et la même portée que le droit correspondant de la CEDH.

    Source:
    Journal officiel de l'Union européenne C 303/17 - 14.12.2007
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:
    Les explications qui figurent ci-après ont été établies initialement sous la responsabilité du praesidium de la Convention qui a élaboré la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne. Elles ont été mises à jour sous la responsabilité du praesidium de la Convention européenne, compte tenu des adaptations apportées au texte de la Charte par ladite Convention (notamment aux articles 51 et 52) et de l'évolution du droit de l'Union. Bien que ces explications n'aient pas en soi de valeur juridique, elles constituent un outil d'interprétation précieux destiné à éclairer les dispositions de la Charte.
  • Criminal proceedings against Parchetul de pe lângă Curtea de Apel Craiova
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2024:70
  • Criminal proceedings against Österreichischer Delegierter Europäischer Staatsanwalt
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2023:1018
  • Ministerio Fiscal v Juan
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2023:684
  • Volkswagen Group Italia S.p.A. and Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2023:663
  • Order of Flemish Bars and Alain Claes and the de facto association “Belgian Association of Tax Lawyers” and others v. The Government of the Brussels-Capital Region and the Flemish Government
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    National Court/Tribunal
    Deciding body:
    Constitutional Court
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:BE:GHCC:2023:ARR.111
  • EBP vs. Prosecutor General
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    National Court/Tribunal
    Deciding body:
    Supreme Court
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
  • B.D. v. Vilnius Regional Prosecutor‘s Office
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    National Court/Tribunal
    Deciding body:
    Supreme Court of Lithuania
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
  • Criminal proceedings against MR
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Court (Fifth Chamber)
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2023:236
  • Dual Prod SRL v Direcţia Generală Regională a Finanţelor Publice Cluj-Napoca - Comisia regională pentru autorizarea operatorilor de produse supuse accizelor armonizate
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    Court of Justice of the European Union
    Deciding body:
    Court (Fourth Chamber)
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    Justice, freedom and security
    ECLI (European case law identifier):
    ECLI:EU:C:2023:234
  • X. (anonymized) vs Minister of Finance
    Decision date:
    Deciding body type:
    National Court/Tribunal
    Deciding body:
    Council of the State
    Type:
    Decision
    Policy area:
    ECLI (European case law identifier):

20 results found

  • Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
    Pays:
    Czechia

    Article 40 (5) No one may be criminally prosecuted for an act for which she has already been finally
    convicted or acquitted. This rule shall not preclude the application, in conformity with law, of extraordinary procedures of legal redress.

  • Listina základních práv a svobod
    Pays:
    Czechia

    Článek 40 (5) Nikdo nemůže být trestně stíhán za čin, pro který již byl pravomocně odsouzen nebo zproštěn obžaloby. Tato
    zásada nevylučuje uplatnění mimořádných opravných prostředků v souladu se zákonem.

  • Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia
    Pays:
    Slovenia

    Article 31 No one may be sentenced or punished twice for the same criminal offence for which criminal proceedings were dismissed finally, or for which the charge was finally rejected, or for which the person was acquitted or convicted by a final judgement. 

  • Ustava Republike Slovenije
    Pays:
    Slovenia

    31. člen Nihče ne sme biti ponovno obsojen ali kaznovan zaradi kaznivega dejanja, za katero je bil kazenski postopek zoper njega pravnomočno ustavljen, ali je bila obtožba zoper njega pravnomočno zavrnjena, ali je bil s pravnomočno sodbo oproščen ali obsojen.

  • Constitution of the Slovak Republic
    Pays:
    Slovakia

    Article 50 (...) (5) No one may be criminally prosecuted for an act for which he has already been sentenced, or of which he has already been acquitted. This principle does not rule out the application of extraordinary remedies in compliance with the law. (...)

  • Ústava Slovenskej republiky
    Pays:
    Slovakia

    Čl. 50 (...) (5) Nikoho nemožno trestne stíhať za čin, za ktorý bol už právoplatne odsúdený alebo oslobodený spod obžaloby. Táto zásada nevylučuje uplatnenie mimoriadnych opravných prostriedkov v súlade so zákonom.(...)

  • Constituição da República Portuguesa
    Pays:
    Portugal

    Artigo 29.º (Aplicação da lei criminal) 5. Ninguém pode ser julgado mais do que uma vez pela prática do mesmo crime.

  • Constitution of the Portuguese Republic
    Pays:
    Portugal

    Article 29 (Application of criminal law) (5) No one may be tried more than once for commission of the same crime.

  • Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania
    Pays:
    Lithuania

    Article 31. […] No one may be punished twice for the same offence.

  • Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija
    Pays:
    Lithuania

    31 straipsnis. [...] Niekas negali būti baudžiamas už tą patį nusikaltimą antrą kartą.

  • Magyarország Alaptörvénye
    Pays:
    Hungary

    XXVIII. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) […] (6) A jogorvoslat törvényben meghatározott rendkívüli esetei kivételével senki nem vonható büntetőeljárás alá, és nem ítélhető el olyan bűncselekményért, amely miatt Magyarországon vagy – nemzetközi szerződés, illetve az Európai Unió jogi aktusa által meghatározott körben – más államban törvénynek megfelelően már jogerősen felmentették vagy elítélték.

  • The Fundamental Law of Hungary
    Pays:
    Hungary

    Article XXVIII (Freedom and Responsibility) […] (6) With the exception of extraordinary cases of legal remedy laid down in an Act, no one
    shall be prosecuted or convicted for a criminal offence for which he or she has already been
    finally acquitted or convicted in Hungary or, within the scope specified in an international treaty and a legal act of the European Union, in another State, as provided for by an Act.

  • Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
    Pays:
    Germany

    Artikel 103 (3) No person may be punished for the same act more than once under the general criminal laws.

  • Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
    Pays:
    Germany

    Artikel 103 (3) Niemand darf wegen derselben Tat auf Grund der allgemeinen Strafgesetze mehrmals bestraft werden.

  • The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
    URL:
    Pays:
    Cyprus

    12(2). A person who has been acquitted or convicted of an offence shall not be tried again for the same offence. No person shall be punished twice for the same act or omission except where death ensues from such act or omission.

  • Tο Σύνταγμα της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας
    URL:
    Pays:
    Cyprus

    12(2). Ο απαλλαγείς ή καταδικασθείς δεν δικάζεται εκ δευτέρου διά το αυτό αδίκημα. Ουδείς τιμωρείται εκ δευτέρου διά την αυτήν πράξιν ή παράλειψιν, εκτός εάν συνεπεία ταύτης προεκλήθη θάνατος.]

  • Constitution of the Republic of Croatia
    Pays:
    Croatia

    Article 31
    (2)No one may be re-tried nor penalized in criminal prosecution for an act for which such individual has already been acquitted or sentenced by a binding court judgment in accordance with law.
    (3)The cases and reasons for the renewal of court proceedings under paragraph (2) of this Article may be stipulated solely by law, in accordance with the Constitution and international treaties.

  • Ustav Republike Hrvatske
    Pays:
    Croatia

    Članak 31.
    (2)Nikome se ne može ponovno suditi niti ga se može kazniti u kaznenom postupku za kazneno djelo za koje je već pravomoćno oslobođen ili osuđen u skladu sa zakonom.

    (3)Samo se zakonom, u skladu s Ustavom i međunarodnim ugovorom, mogu propisati slučajevi i razlozi za obnovu postupka iz stavka 2. ovoga članka.

  • 7. Zusatzprotokoll zur Konvention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte und Grundfreiheiten
    Pays:
    Austria

    Artikel 4 (1) Niemand darf wegen einer strafbaren Handlung, wegen der er bereits nach dem Gesetz und dem Strafverfahrensrecht eines Staates rechtskräftig verurteilt oder freigesprochen worden ist, in einem Strafverfahren desselben Staates erneut vor Gericht gestellt oder bestraft werden.

  • 7th Additional Protocolo the The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)
    Pays:
    Austria

    Article 4 (1) No one shall be liable to be tried or punished again in criminal proceedings under the jurisdiction of the same State for an offence for which he has already been finally acquitted or convicted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of that State.

3 results found

  • Directive (EU) 2017/1371 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2017 on the fight against fraud to the Union's financial interests by means of criminal law

    Preamble:
    (21) Given the possibility of multiple jurisdictions for cross-border criminal offences falling under the scope of this Directive, the Member States should ensure that the principle of ne bis in idem is respected in full in the application of national law transposing this Directive
    ...
    (28) The intended dissuasive effect of the application of criminal law sanctions requires particular caution with regard to fundamental rights. This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’) and in particular the right to liberty and security, the protection of personal data, the freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work, the freedom to conduct a business, the right to property, the right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and the right of defence, the principles of the legality and proportionality of criminal offences and sanctions, as well as the principle of ne bis in idem. This Directive seeks to ensure full respect for those rights and principles and must be implemented accordingly.

  • Directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters

    Preamble:
    (17) The principle of ne bis in idem is a fundamental principle of law in the Union, as recognised by the Charter and developed by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Therefore the executing authority should be entitled to refuse the execution of an EIO if its execution would be contrary to that principle. Given the preliminary nature of the proceedings underlying an EIO, its execution should not be subject to refusal where it is aimed to establish whether a possible conflict with the ne bis in idem principle exists, or where the issuing authority has provided assurances that the evidence transferred as a result of the execution of the EIO would not be used to prosecute or impose a sanction on a person whose case has been finally disposed of in another Member State for the same facts.
    ...
    Article 11. Grounds for non-recognition or non-execution:
    1. Without prejudice to Article 1(4), recognition or execution of an EIO may be refused in the executing State where: ...
    (d) the execution of the EIO would be contrary to the principle of ne bis in idem

  • Directive 2014/57/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on criminal sanctions for market abuse (market abuse directive)

    Preamble:
    (23) The scope of this Directive is determined in such a way as to complement, and ensure the effective implementation of, Regulation (EU) No 596/2014. Whereas offences should be punishable under this Directive when committed intentionally and at least in serious cases, sanctions for breaches of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 do not require that intent is proven or that they are qualified as serious. In the application of national law transposing this Directive, Member States should ensure that the imposition of criminal sanctions for offences in accordance with this Directive and of administrative sanctions in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 does not lead to a breach of the principle of ne bis in idem.

0 results found