eu-charter

Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne

Préambule

Les peuples d'Europe, en établissant entre eux une union sans cesse plus étroite, ont décidé de partager un avenir pacifique fondé sur des valeurs communes. Consciente de son patrimoine spirituel et moral, l'Union se fonde sur les valeurs indivisibles et universelles de dignité humaine, de liberté, d'égalité et de solidarité; elle repose sur le principe de la démocratie et le principe de l'État de droit. Elle place la personne au coeur de son action en instituant la citoyenneté de l'Union et en créant un espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice.
L'Union contribue à la préservation et au développement de ces valeurs communes dans le respect de la diversité des cultures et des traditions des peuples d'Europe, ainsi que de l'identité nationale des États membres et de l'organisation de leurs pouvoirs publics aux niveaux national, régional et local; elle cherche à promouvoir un développement équilibré et durable et assure la libre circulation des personnes, des services, des marchandises et des capitaux, ainsi que la liberté d'établissement.
À cette fin, il est nécessaire, en les rendant plus visibles dans une Charte, de renforcer la protection des droits fondamentaux à la lumière de l'évolution de la société, du progrès social et des développements scientifiques et technologiques.
La présente Charte réaffirme, dans le respect des compétences et des tâches de l'Union, ainsi que du principe de subsidiarité, les droits qui résultent notamment des traditions constitutionnelles et des obligations internationales communes aux États membres, de la Convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l'Homme et des libertés fondamentales, des Chartes sociales adoptées par l'Union et par le Conseil de l'Europe, ainsi que de la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne et de la Cour européenne des droits de l'Homme. Dans ce contexte, la Charte sera interprétée par les juridictions de l'Union et des États membres en prenant dûment en considération les explications établies sous l'autorité du praesidium de la Convention qui a élaboré la Charte et mises à jour sous la responsabilité du praesidium de la Convention européenne.
La jouissance de ces droits entraîne des responsabilités et des devoirs tant à l'égard d'autrui qu'à l'égard de la communauté humaine et des générations futures.
En conséquence, l'Union reconnaît les droits, les libertés et les principes énoncés ci-après.

  • Texte:
    Source:
    Preamble - Explanations relating to the Charter of Fundamental Rights:

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  • 19
    Février
    2021
    This is the second main report from FRA’s Fundamental Rights Survey, which collected data from 35,000 people on a range of issues. This report focuses on respondents’ experiences as victims of selected types of crime, including violence, harassment, and property crime. The report also examines how often these crimes are reported to the police, and presents further details relating to harassment and violence, such as the perpetrators and where the incidents took place.
  • 18
    décembre
    2020
    In 2020 (until 15 December), the International Organization for Migration estimated that about 1,054 people have died or gone missing while crossing the Mediterranean Sea to reach Europe to escape war or persecution or to pursue a better life. This is an average of almost three people per day. In the past years, a significant number of migrants in distress at sea have been rescued by civil society vessels deployed with a humanitarian mandate to reduce fatalities and bring rescued migrants to safety. Since 2018, however, national authorities initiated some 50 administrative and criminal proceedings against crew members or vessels, also seizing the latter. In some cases, rescue vessels were blocked in harbours due to flag issues or the inability to meet maritime safety-related and other technical requirements.
  • Handbook / Guide / Manual
    17
    décembre
    2020
    La convention européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) et la législation de l’Union européenne
    (UE) fournissent un cadre de plus en plus important pour la protection des droits
    des ressortissants étrangers. La législation de l’UE relative à l’asile, aux frontières et à l’immigration
    se développe rapidement. Il existe un impressionnant corpus de jurisprudence de
    la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme qui porte, en particulier, sur les articles 3, 5, 8 et
    13 de la CEDH. La Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) est également de plus en
    plus souvent appelée à se prononcer sur l’interprétation des dispositions de la législation de
    l’UE en la matière. La troisième édition du présent manuel, mise à jour jusqu’en juillet 2020,
    expose de manière accessible cette législation et la jurisprudence des deux cours européennes
    dans ce domaine.
  • 14
    décembre
    2020
    Artificial intelligence (AI) already plays a role in deciding what unemployment benefits someone gets, where a burglary is likely to take place, whether someone is at risk of cancer, or who sees that catchy advertisement for low mortgage rates. Its use keeps growing, presenting seemingly endless possibilities. But we need to make sure to fully uphold fundamental rights standards when using AI. This report presents concrete examples of how companies and public administrations in the EU are using, or trying to use, AI. It focuses on four core areas – social benefits, predictive policing, health services and targeted advertising.
  • 8
    décembre
    2020
    This report looks at fundamental rights compliance at the European Union (EU)’s external land borders, including rivers and lakes. On 30 January 2020, the European Parliament requested the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) to prepare a report on these borders. It noted that the report should focus on the correct application of the safeguards in the European asylum acquis and the provisions of the Schengen Borders Code (Regulation (EU) 2016/399).
  • 30
    novembre
    2020
    This report outlines some of the measures EU Member States have put in place to protect public health as Europe faces the ‘second wave’ of the Coronavirus pandemic. It highlights how these may affect fundamental rights, especially social rights.
  • 27
    novembre
    2020
    Roma and Travellers living in western EU countries are less often in the limelight than those living in central, eastern and southern EU countries. While they represent a smaller proportion of the population in the west, they also face problems with social exclusion, marginalisation and discrimination. These country sheets present findings from the survey conducted by FRA in 2019 covering Roma and Travellers populations in Belgium, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The survey included interviews with almost 4,700 Roma and Travellers, collecting information on more than 8,200 individuals living in their households.
  • 6
    novembre
    2020
    The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on asylum and migration since September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by migration. It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 July and 30 September 2020.
  • 20
    octobre
    2020
    The EU Fundamental Rights Agency published in 2019 its report on the ‘Integration of young refugees in the EU’. The report explored the challenges of young people who fled armed conflict or persecution and arrived in the EU in 2015 and 2016. The report is based on 426 interviews with experts working in the area of asylum and integration, as well as 163 interviews with young people, aged 16 to 24, conducted between October 2017 and June 2018 in 15 regions and cities located in six Member States: Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy and Sweden. The links on this page provide a summary of the information collected during this period for each country about unaccompanied children turning 18 and the change in people’s legal status once international protection is granted. These two issues had at the time been identified as moments requiring sufficient, consistent and systematic support, particularly from lawyers, social workers and guardians, to ensure successful integration.
  • 6
    octobre
    2020
    Business activity affects not just customers, employees, and contractors along supply chains, but often entire communities and the environment. This makes it vital that every business complies with human rights. This comparative report looks at the realities victims face when they seek redress for business-related human rights abuses. It presents the findings of fieldwork research on the views of professionals regarding the different ways people can pursue complaints. The findings highlight that obstacles to achieving justice are often multi-layered.